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http://www.methods-online.com Index Volume 46, 2007 Contents Keywords Authors Editor -in -Chief: R. Haux Associate Editors: D. Aronsky T.Y. Leong Senior Consulting Editor: A.T. McCray Senior Editors: J.H. van Bemmel D.A.B. Lindberg Founding Editor: G. Wagner † (Heidelberg) Editorial Assistant: I. Hoffmann

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http://www.methods-online.com

Index Volume 46, 2007 Contents Keywords Authors

Editor-in-Chief: R. Haux Associate Editors: D. Aronsky T.Y. Leong Senior Consulting Editor: A.T. McCray Senior Editors: J.H. van Bemmel D.A.B. Lindberg Founding Editor: G. Wagner † (Heidelberg) Editorial Assistant: I. Hoffmann

Contents – Methods of Information in Medicine 2007; 46 (1-6)

II http://www.methods-online.com

ISSUE 1

Editorial

J. H. van Bemmel, D. Bergemann In Memoriam Gustav Wagner ............................................................................................. 1

J. C. Healy The WHO eHealth Resolution – eHealth for All by 2015? ................................................... 2

Original Articles

Y. Lee, K. Dharmala, C. Lee An Intelligent Data Mining Model Approach for Adverse Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy ........................................................................................................ 5

F. P. Alvarez, P. Crépey, M. Barthélemy, A. Valleron sispread: a Software to Simulate Infections Diseases Spreading on Contact Networks .... 19

L. Gortzis, I. Kalogeropoulo, D. Alexopoulos, G. Nikiforidis Optimizing the Interventional Cardiology Facility: Services Integration in Routine Workflow .......................................................................................................................... 27

B. Pfeifer, M. Seger, C. Hintermüller, G. Fischer, H. Mühlthaler, R. Modre-Osprian, B. Tilg AAM-based Segmentation for Imaging Cardiac Electrophysiology .................................... 36

J. Reissigová, J. Zvárová The Framingham Risk Function Underestimated Absolute Coronary Heart Disease Risk in Czech Men ........................................................................................................... 43

Special Topic - Health and Medical Informatics Education

J. Mantas Health and Medical Informatics Education ........................................................................ 50

Original Articles

B. G. M. E. Blobel Educational Challenge of Health information Systems' Interoperability ............................. 52

S. de Lusignan An Educational Intervention, Involving Feedback of Routinely Collected Computer Data, to Improve Cardiovascular Disease Management in UK Primary Care ............................................... 57

G. Demiris Interdisciplinary Innovations in Biomedical and Health Informatics Graduate Education ... 63

M. Haag, R. Singer, M. Bauch, J. Heid, F. Hess, F. J. Leven Challenges and Perspectives of Computer-assisted Instruction in Medical Education. Lessons Learned from Seven Years of Experience with the CAMPUS System ................. 67

Contents – Methods of Information in Medicine 2007; 46 (1-6)

III http://www.methods-online.com

A. Hasman, J. M. A. Roos, A. M. M. Muijtjens, E. H. B. M. Gronenschild, P. P. M. Ahles Evaluation of a Course on Patient Records ...................................................................... 70

R. Haux, P. Knaup, F. Leiner On Educating about Medical Data Management – The Other Side of the Electronic Health Record .................................................................................................................. 74

W. R. Hersh The Full Spectrum of Biomedical Informatics Education at Oregon Health & Science University ......................................................................................................................... 80

A. Jossif, C. S. Pattichis, M. Kyriakides, A. Pitsillides, E. Kyriacou, M. Dikaiakos Selected eHealth Applications in Cyprus from the Training Perspective ........................... 84

J. Mantas, M. Diomidous Implementation and Evaluation of the MSc Course in Health Informatics in Greece ......... 90

Contents – Methods of Information in Medicine 2007; 46 (1-6)

IV http://www.methods-online.com

ISSUE 2

Editorial

A. T. McCray, H. Marin Medinfo 2007: Building Sustainable Health Systems ........................................................ 93

Special Topic - Selected papers from the Fifth International Workshop on Biosignal Interpretation BSI2005

K. Yana, Y. Yamamoto, S. Cerutti BSI Special Issue ............................................................................................................. 94

Original Articles

Advanced Methology for Biosignal Processing and Interpretation

T. Matsumoto Online Bayesian Modeling and Prediction of Nonlinear Systems – Sequential Monte Carlo Approach ................................................................................................................ 96

H. Zhao, K. Ju, K. H. Chon An Approach to Estimate Time-varying Casual Coherence Function .............................. 102 H. Yoshida, S. Kikkawa Information Theoretic Equivalent Bandwidths of Random Processes and Their Applications .................................................................................................................... 110

A. Gonzaga, A. Kawanaka Wavelet-based Estimation of Generalized Fractional Process ........................................ 117

D. Hoyer Information Flow Enables Specific Identification of Particular Physiological Controllers Based on their Time Scales ............................................................................................ 121

L. T. Mainardi, L. Pattini, S. Cerutti Application of the Ramanujan Fourier Transform for the Analysis of Secondary Structure Content in Amino Acid Sequences .................................................................. 126

Emerging Health Care Technology

Z. R. Struzik, K. Yoshiuchi, M. Sone, T. Ishikawa, H. Kikuchi, H. Kumano, T. Watsuji, B. H. Natelson, Y. Yamamoto “Mobile Nurse” Platform for Ubiquitous Medicine ............................................................ 130

H. Nazeran Wavelet-based Segmentation and Feature Extraction of Heart Sounds for Intelligent PDA-based Phonocardiography ..................................................................................... 135

Contents – Methods of Information in Medicine 2007; 46 (1-6)

V http://www.methods-online.com

Neural Engeneering; Brain Dynamics and Computer Interface

D. M. Durand Neural Engineering – A New Discipline for Analyzing and Interacting with the Nervous System ........................................................................................................................... 142

H. Kaneko, H. Tamura, T. Kawashima, S. S. Suzuki, I. Fujita Efficient Signal Processing of Multineuronal Activities for Neural Interface and Prosthesis ...................................................................................................................... 147

H. Mino Estimation of Parameters in Shot-Noise-Driven Doubly Stochastic Poisson Processes Using the EM Algorithm – Modeling of Pre- and Postsynaptic Spike Trains .................... 151

N. Yamawaki, C. Wilke, L. Hue, Z. Liu, B. He Enhancement of Classification Accuracy of a Time-frequency Approach for an EEG-based Brain-computer Interface ..................................................................................... 155

E. Gysels, P. Renevey, P. Celka Fast Feature Selection to Compare Broadband with Narrowband Phase Synchronization in Brain-computer Interfaces ................................................................. 160

T. H. Sander, A. Liebert, M. Burghoff, H. Wabnitz, R. Macdonald, L. Trahms Cross-correlation Analysis of the Correspondence between Magnetoencephalographic and Near-infrared Cortical Signals .................................................................................. 164

K. Momose Relationship between the Binary Kernels of Visually Evoked Potentials and the Visual Responses on the Magnocellular and Parvocellular Pathways ....................................... 169

Heart Rate Variability

N. Aoyagi, Z. R. Struzik, K. Kiyono, Y. Yamamoto Autonomic Imbalance Induced Breakdown of Long-range Dependence in Healthy Heart Rate ..................................................................................................................... 174

K. Kotani, M. Tachibana, K. Takamasu Investigation of the Influence of Swallowing, Coughing and Vocalization on Heart Rate Variability with Respiratory-phase Domain Analysis ....................................................... 179

M. Ferrario, M. G. Signorini, G. Magenes Comparison between Fetal Heart Rate Standard Parameters and Complexity Indexes for the Identification of Severe Intrauterine Growth Restriction ....................................... 186

V. D. A. Corino, M. Matteucci, L. T. Mainardi Analysis of Heart Rate Variability to Predict Patient Age in a Healthy Population ............ 191

P. A. Warrick, D. Precup, E. F. Hamilton, R. E. Kearney Fetal Heart Rate Deceleration Detection Using a Discrete Cosine Transform Implementation of Singular Spectrum Analysis ............................................................... 196

K. Yana, S. Nishiyama, K. Mitsui, Y. Yamazaki, H. Mizuta Effect of Common Driving Sources to the Feedback Analysis of Heart Rate Variability ... 202

Contents – Methods of Information in Medicine 2007; 46 (1-6)

VI http://www.methods-online.com

Detection, Estimation and Diagnostic Systems

J. A. Jo, L. Marcu, Q. Fang, T. Papaioannou, J. H. Qiao, M. C. Fishbein, B. Beseth, A. H. Dorafshar, T. Reil, D. Baker, J. Freischlag New Methods for Time-resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy Data Analysis Based on the Laguerre Expansion Technique – Applications in Tissue Diagnosis .......................... 206

L. F. A. Campos, A. C. Silva, A. K. Barros Independent Component Analysis and Neural Networks Applied for Classification of Malignant, Benign and Normal Tissue in Digital Mammography ..................................... 212

H. Dickhaus, C. Maier Detection of Sleep Apnea Episodes from Multi-lead ECGs Considering Different Physiological Influences ................................................................................................. 216

H. Ogata, K. Tokuyama, S. Nagasaka, A. Ando, I. Kusaka, N. Sato, A. Goto, S. Ishibashi, K. Kiyono, Z. R. Struzik, Y. Yamamoto Long-range Correlated Glucose Fluctuations in Diabetes ............................................... 222

A. Matsuyama, M. Jonkman, F. de Boer Improved ECG Signal Analysis Using Wavelet and Feature Extraction ........................... 227

Medical Imaging and Interpretation

G. Rizzo, I. Castiglioni, G. Russo, M. G. Tana, F. Dell’Acqua, M. C. Gilardi, F. Fazio, S. Cerutti Using Deconvolution to Improve PET Spatial Resolution in OSEM Iterative Reconstruction ............................................................................................................... 231

P. Y. Lau, S. Ozawa, F. C. T. Voon Using Block-based Multiparameter Representation to Detect Tumor Features on T2-weighted Brain MRI Images ........................................................................................... 236

J. Hori, T. Miwa, T. Ohshima, B. He Cortical Dipole Imaging of Movement-related Potentials by Means of Parametric Inverse Filters Incorporating with Signal and Noise Covariance ...................................... 242

M. Koeda, H. Takahashi, N. Yahata, M. Matsuura, K. Asai, Y. Okubo, H. Tanaka Neural Responses to Human Voice and Hemisphere Dominance for Lexical-semantic Processing – An fMRI Study ........................................................................................... 247

Contents – Methods of Information in Medicine 2007; 46 (1-6)

VII http://www.methods-online.com

ISSUE 3

Original Articles

Special Topic - Advances in Medical Image Computing

H. Handels, A. Horsch, H.-P. Meinzer Advances in Medical Image Computing .......................................................................... 251

Original Articles

R. Werner, J. Ehrhardt, T. Frenzel, D. Säring, W. Lu, D. Low, H. Handels Motion Artifact Reducing Reconstruction of 4D CT Image Data for the Analysis of Respiratory Dynamics .................................................................................................... 254

M. Oehler, T. M. Buzug Statistical Image Reconstruction for Inconsistent CT Projection Data ............................. 261

J. Beyer, C. Langer, L. Fritz, M. Hadwiger, S. Wolfsberger, K. Bühler Interactive Diffusion-based Smoothing and Segmentation of Volumetric Datasets on Graphics Hardware ........................................................................................................ 270

T. Heimann, I. Wolf, H.-P. Meinzer Automatic Generation of 3D Statistical Shape Models with Optimal Landmark Distributions ................................................................................................................... 275

J. von Berg, C. Lorenz A Geometric Model of the Beating Heart ........................................................................ 282

S. Kabus, A. Franz, B. Fischer Spatially Varying Elasticity in Image Registration ........................................................... 287

E. Haber, J. Modersitzki Intensity Gradient Based Registration and Fusion of Multi-modal Images ....................... 292

J. Ehrhardt, D. Säring, H. Handels Structure-preserving Interpolation of Temporal and Spatial Image Sequences Using an Optical Flow-based Method ............................................................................................ 300

C. Kier, K. Meyer-Wiethe, G. Seidel, T. Aach Ultrasound Cerebral Perfusion Analysis Based on a Mathematical Model for Diminution Harmonic Imaging .......................................................................................................... 308

A. A. Bell, T. Würflinger, S.-O. Ropers, A. Böcking, T. Aach, D. Meyer-Ebrecht Towards Fully Automatic Acquisition of Multimodal Cytopathological Microscopy Images with Autofocus and Scene Matching .................................................................. 314

K. Chaisaowong, P. Jäger, S. Vogel, A. Knepper, T. Kraus, T. Aach Computer-assisted Diagnosis for Early Stage Pleural Mesothelioma – Towards Automated Detection and Quantitative Assessment of Pleural Thickenings from Thoracic CT Images ....................................................................................................... 324

Contents – Methods of Information in Medicine 2007; 46 (1-6)

VIII http://www.methods-online.com

Original Articles

S. Garde, P. Knaup, E. J. S. Hovenga, S. Heard Towards Semantic Interoperability for Electronic Health Records – Domain Knowledge Governance for openEHR Archetypes ............................................................................ 332

L. Gortzis, A. Kalogeropoulos, D. Alexopoulos, G. Nikiforidis Optimizing the Interventional Cardiology Facility: Services Integration in Routine Workflow ........................................................................................................................ 344

M. Verduijn, N. Peek, F. Voorbraak, E. de Jonge, B. A. J. M. de Mol Modeling Length of Stay as an Optimized Two-class Prediction Problem ....................... 352

H. Xu, Y. Fang, L. Yao, Y. Chen, X. Chen Does Drug-target Have a Likeness? ............................................................................... 360

V. P. Antipas, G. S. Stamatakos, N. K. Uzunoglu A Patient-specific in vivo Tumor and Normal Tissue Model for Prediction of the Response to Radiotherapy – A Computer Simulation Approach ..................................... 367

K. Kotani, M. Tachibana, K. Takamasu Respiratory-phase Domain Analysis of Heart Rate Variability Can Accurately Estimate Cardiac Vagal Activity during a Mental Arithmetic Task .................................................. 376

M. Visvanathan, M. Breit, B. Pfeifer, C. Baumgartner, R. Modre-Osprian, B. Tilg Systematic Analysis of Signaling Pathways Using an Integrative Environment ............... 386

Contents – Methods of Information in Medicine 2007; 46 (1-6)

IX http://www.methods-online.com

ISSUE 4

Editorial R. Haux Benchmarking Statements for Programs in Medical Informatics? ................................... 393

Original Articles

K. Pigott, S. de Lusignan, A. Rapley, J. Robinson, A. Pritchard-Copley An Informatics Benchmarking Statement ........................................................................ 394

J. M. Nguyen, P. Six, T. Chaussalet, D. Antonioli, P. Lombrail, P. Le Beux An Objective Method for Bed Capacity Planning in a Hospital Department – A Comparison with Target Ratio Methods .......................................................................... 399

A. Stergiopoulou, K. Birbas, T. Katostaras, J. Mantas The Effect of Interactive Multimedia on Pre-operative Knowledge and Postoperative Recovery of Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy .................................. 406

A. Junger, B. Hartmann, J. Klasen, F. Brenck, R. Röhrig, G. Hempelmann Impact of Different Sampling Strategies on Score Results of the Nine Equivalents of Nursing Manpower Use Score (NEMS) .......................................................................... 410

Y. Qiu, P. Yu Nursing Information Systems – Applying Usability Testing to Assess the Training Needs for Nursing Students ........................................................................................... 416

W. Oberaigner Errors in Survival Rates Caused by Routinely Used Deterministic Record Linkage Methods ......................................................................................................................... 420

K. A. Vermeer, N. J. Reus, F. M. Vos, H. G. Lemij, A. M. Vossepoel Split Bundle Detection in Polarimetric Images of the Human Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer . 425

J. Dreyhaupt, J. Dolar-Szczasny, A. Bindewald, F. G. Holz , U. Mansmann Discovery of Factors Influencing the Growth of Geographic Atrophy in Patients with Age-related Macular Degeneration ................................................................................. 432

G. Kundt A New Proposal for Setting Parameter Values in Restricted Randomization Methods .... 440

Special Topic - From Health Information Systems to eHealth Selected Articles from the IMIA HIS Working Conference in Oeiras, Portugal

K. A. Kuhn, D. A. Giuse, L. Lapão, S. H. R. Wurst From Health Information Systems to eHealth – Editorial ................................................. 450

Contents – Methods of Information in Medicine 2007; 46 (1-6)

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Original Articles

T. Durand, H. Spacagna, C. Verdier, P. Biron, A. Flory The Rhône-Alpes Health Platform .................................................................................. 451

J. C. de Graaf, A. E. Vlug, G. J. van Boven Dutch Virtual Integration of Healthcare Information ......................................................... 458

N. Saranummi, A. Ensio, M. Laine, P. Nykänen, P. Itkonen National Health IT Services in Finland ............................................................................ 463

J. Mykkänen, M. Korpela, S. Ripatti, J. Rannanheimo, J. Sorri Local, Regional and National Interoperability in Hospital-level Systems Architecture ...... 470

O. J. Bott, M. Marschollek, K.-H. Wolf, R. Haux Towards New Scopes: Sensor-enhanced Regional Health Information Systems – Part 1: Architectural Challenges ............................................................................................. 476

V. Maojo, J. Crespo, G. de la Calle, J. Barreiro, M. Garcia-Remesal Using Web Services for Linking Genomic Data to Medical Information Systems ............. 484

L. Velez Lapão Survey on the Status of the Hospital Information Systems in Portugal ............................ 493

K. A. Kuhn, D. A. Giuse, L. Lapão, S. H. R. Wurst Expanding the Scope of Health Information Systems – From Hospitals to Regional Networks, to National Infrastructures, and Beyond ......................................................... 500

Contents – Methods of Information in Medicine 2007; 46 (1-6)

XI http://www.methods-online.com

ISSUE 5

Editorial

A. Geissbuhler, R. Haux, S. Y. Kwankam Towards Health for All: WHO and IMIA Intensify Collaboration – Joint Communiqué during Medinfo 2007 in Brisbane..................................................................................... 503

Original Articles

L. Pellegrin, N. Bonnardel, F. Antonini, J. Albanese, C. Martin, H. Chaudet Event Oriented Representation for Collaborative Activities (EORCA) – A Method for Describing Medical Activities in Severely-injured Patient Management............................ 506

Q. Zhang, Y. Matsumura, T. Teratani, S. Yoshimoto, T. Mineno, K. Nakagawa, M. Nagahama, S. Kuwata, H. Takeda The Application of an Institutional Clinical Data Warehouse to the Assessment of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs )– Evaluation of Aminoglycoside and Cephalosporin Associated Nephrotoxicity .............................................................................................. 516

C. Tjortjis, M. Saraee, B. Theodoulidis, J. A. Keane Using T3, an Improved Decision Tree Classifier, for Mining Stroke-related Medical Data ........................................................................................... 523

C. De Lazzari, G. Ferrari Right Ventricular Assistance by Continuous Flow Device – A Numerical Simulation ....... 530

M. Neuhäuser, T. Boes, K.-H. Jöckel Pseudo-precision in Gene Expression Values Can Reduce Efficiency............................. 538

F. A. Giordano, A. Hotz-Wagenblatt, D. Lauterborn, J.-U. Appelt, K. Fellenberg, K. Z. Nagy, W. J. Zeller, S. Suhai, S. Fruehauf, S. Laufs New Bioinformatic Strategies to Rapidly Characterize Retroviral Integration Sites of Gene Therapy Vectors.................................................................................................... 542

C. Schwenke, R. Busse Analysis of Differences in Proportions from Clustered Data with Multiple Measurements in Diagnostic Studies....................................................................................................... 548

J. Kildegaard, J. Randløv, J. U. Poulsen, O. Hejlesen A Study of Trained Clinicians’ Blood Glucose Predictions Based on Diaries of People with Type 1 Diabetes....................................................................................................... 553

R. Sund, I. Nurmi-Lüthje, P. Lüthje, S. Tanninen, A. Narinen, I. Keskimäki Comparing Properties of Audit Data and Routinely Collected Register Data in Case of Performance Assessment of Hip Fracture Treatment in Finland...................................... 558

M. Wolkewitz, T. Bruckner, M. Schumacher Accurate Variance Estimation for Prevalence Ratios....................................................... 567

Contents – Methods of Information in Medicine 2007; 46 (1-6)

XII http://www.methods-online.com

Special Topic - Selected Articles from the GMDS 2006 Conference, Leipzig, Germany, September 10–14, 2006

M. Loeffler, A. Winter Networking Clinical Research – Editorial ........................................................................ 572

Original Articles

S. Graeber, S. Richter, J. Folz, P.-T. Pham, P. Jacob, M. K. Schilling Clinical Pathways in General Surgery – Development, Implementation, and Evaluation .. 574

A. Klein, H.-U. Prokosch, M. Müller, T. Ganslandt Experiences with an Interoperable Data Acquisition Platform for Multi-centric Research Networks Based on HL7 CDA ......................................................................... 580

S. Saboor, J. Chimiak -Opoka, E. Ammenwerth Supporting the Systematic Assessment of Clinical Processes: the MedFlow Method ...... 586

M. Schumacher, M. Wangler, M. Wolkewitz, J. Beyersmann Attributable Mortality due to Nosocomial Infections – A Simple and Useful Application of Multistate Models ........................................................................................................ 595

A. Winter, G. Funkat, A. Haeber, C. Mauz-Koerholz, K. Pommerening, S. Smers, J. Stausberg Integrated Information Systems for Translational Medicine.............................................. 601

M. Kreuz, M. Rosolowski, H. Berger, C. Schwaenen, S. Wessendorf, M. Loeffler, D. Hasenclever Development and Implementation of an Analysis Tool for Array-based Comparative Genomic Hybridization .................................................................................................... 608

U.-D. Braumann, N. Scherf, J. Einenkel, L.-C. Horn, N. Wentzensen, M. Loeffler, J.-P. Kuska Large Histological Serial Sections for Computational Tissue Volume Reconstruction...... 614

Contents – Methods of Information in Medicine 2007; 46 (1-6)

XIII http://www.methods-online.com

ISSUE 6

Editorial

D. Aronsky, R. Haux, T. Y. Leong, A. McCray The Student Editorial Board of Methods of Information in Medicine – An Opportunity to Educate Tomorrow’s Peer Reviewers ............................................................................. 623

IMIA Report

P. Murray, R. Haux, N. Lorenzi Let a Thousand Flowers Bloom: Transition towards Implementation of the IMIA Strategic Plan ................................................................................................................. 625

Original Articles

A. H. Prins, A. Abu-Hanna Requirements Analysis of Information Services for Patients on a General Practitioner’s Website – Patient and General Practitioner’s Perspectives ............................................ 629

D. W. Glasspool, A. Oettinger, J. H. Smith-Spark, F. D. Castillo, V. E. L. Monaghan, J. Fox Supporting Medical Planning by Mitigating Cognitive Load ............................................. 636

L. Ißler, C. Spreckelsen, C. Weßel Implementing Software Development Guidelines in a Medical Informatics Research Project ............................................................................................................................ 641

L.J. Rantner, L. Wieser, M.C. Stühlinger, F. Hintringer, B. Tilg, G. Fischer Detection of Phase Singularities in Triangular Meshes ................................................... 646

H. Heinzl, A. Benner, C. Ittrich, M. Mittlböck Proposals for Sample Size Calculation Programs ........................................................... 655

O. Kuss, C. Gromann An Exact Test for Meta-analysis with Binary Endpoints .................................................. 662

Special Topic - Selected Papers from the Japanese Congress of Medical Informatics 2006

K. Takabayashi From Marco Polo Islands – Editorial ............................................................................... 669

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Original Articles

N. Aoki, T. Kiuchi UMIN Online Abstract and Paper Entry System for Biomedical Academic Meetings – An Overview and its Impact on the Distribution of Digitalized Academic Information in Japan ............................................................................................................................. 671

F. Muranaga, I. Kumamoto, Y. Uto Development of Hospital Data Warehouse for Cost Analysis of DPC Based on Medical Costs ............................................................................................................................. 679

M. Akiyama Risk Management and Measuring Productivity with POAS – Point of Act System – A Medical Information System as ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) for Hospital Management .................................................................................................................. 686

Y. Mori, T. Igarashi, R. Haraguchi, K. Nakazawa A Pen-based Interface for Generating Graphical Reports of Findings in Cardiac Catheterization ............................................................................................................... 694

H. Kawanaka, T. Sumida, K. Yamamoto, T. Shinogi, S. Tsuruoka Document Recognition and XML Generation of Tabular Form Discharge Summaries for Analogous Case Search System ............................................................................... 700

N. Nakashima, S. Shimizu, K. Okamura, J. S. Hahm, Y. W. Kim, B. I. Moon, H. S. Han, N. Torata, Y. Antoku, Y. S. Lee, M. Tanaka Development of a Broadband Telemedical Network Based on Internet Protocol in the Asia-Pacific Region ........................................................................................................ 709

R. Nakayama, R. Watanabe, K. Namba, K. Takeda, K. Yamamoto, S. Katsuragawa, K. Doi An Improved Computer-aided Diagnosis Scheme Using the Nearest Neighbor Criterion for Determining Histological Classification of Clustered Microcalcifications ..................... 716

S. Sakai, K. Kobayashi, J. Nakamura, S. Toyabe, K. Akazawa Accuracy in the Diagnostic Prediction of Acute Appendicitis Based on the Bayesian Network Model ............................................................................................................... 723

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Contents IMIA Yearbook of Medical Informatics 2006

From the sponsor

E.R. Reinhardt Workflow Solutions with Healthcare IT ............................................................................... XI

President’s Statement

N. Lorenzi Towards IMIA 2015—the IMIA Strategic Plan........................................................................ 1

Editorial

A. Geissbuhler, R. Haux, C. A. Kulikowski Biomedical Informatics for Sustainable Health Systems ...................................................... 6

Keynote

J.-C. Healy Biomedical Informatics for Sustainable Health Systems ...................................................... 9

Special Section: Biomedical Informatics for Sustainable Health Systems

Survey

E. Coiera, E. J. S. Hovenga Building a Sustainable Health System............................................................................... 11

Synopsis

C. Lovis Sustainable Health Care Systems ..................................................................................... 19

Best paper selection

Anderson GF, Frogner BK, Johns RA, Reinhardt UE. Health care spending and use of information technology in OECD countries. Health Aff 2006 May-Jun;25(3):819-31.............................................................................. 21

Bagayoko CO, Muller H, Geissbuhler A. Assessment of Internet-based tele-medicine in Africa (the RAFT project). Comput Med Imaging Graph 2006 Sep-Oct;30(6-7):407-16 .............................................. 21

Croll PR, Croll J. Investigating risk exposure in e-health systems. Int J Med Inform 2006 Nov 22 ........................................................................................... 21

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Shabo A. A global socio-economic-medico-legal model for the sustainability health records. Part 1. Methods Inf Med 2006;45(3):240-5 ................................................................................... 21

Shabo A. A global socio-economic-medico-legal model for the sustainability health records . Part 2. Methods Inf Med 2006;45(5):498-505................................................................................ 21

Section 1: Health and Clinical Mangement

Survey

J. S. Einbinder, D. W. Bates Leveraging Information Technology to Improve Quality and Safety ................................... 22

Synopsis

J. Bergmann Health and Clinical Management - Impact on Clinical Outcome......................................... 30

Best paper selection

Feldman PH, Murtaugh CM, Pezzin LE, McDonald MV, Peng TR. Just-in-time evidence-based e-mail „reminders“ in home health care: impact on patient outcomes. Health Serv Res 2005 Jun;40(3):865-85............................................................................ 31

Han YY, Carcillo JA, Venkataraman ST, Clark RS, Watson RS, Nguyen TC, Bayir H, Orr RA. Unexpected increased mortality after implementation of a commercially sold computerized physician order entry system. Pediatrics 2005 Dec;116(6):1506-12................................................................................. 32

Pizziferri L, Kittler AF, Volk LA, Honour MM, Gupta S, Wang S, Wang T, Lippincott M, Li Q, Bates DW. Primary care physician time utilization before and after implementation of an electronic health record: a time-motion study. J Biomed Inform 2005 Jun;38(3):176-88 ........................................................................... 32

Poissant L, Pereira J, Tamblyn R, Kawasumi Y. The impact of electronic health records on time efficiency of physicians and nurses: a systematic review. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2005 Sep-Oct;12(5): 505-16....................................................... 32

Shea S, Weinstock RS, Starren J, Teresi J, Palmas W, Field L, et al. A randomized trial comparing telemedicine case management with usual care in older, ethnically diverse, medically underserved patients with diabetes mellitus. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2006 Jan-Feb;13(1):40-51........................................................... 33

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Section 2: Patient Records

Survey

P. Knaup, O. Bott, C. Kohl, C. Lovis, S. Garde Electronic Patient Records: Moving from Islands and Bridges towards Electronic Health Records for Continuity of Care .......................................................................................... 34

Synopsis

S. Meystre Electronic Patient Records: Some Answers to the Data Representation and Reuse Challenges........................................................................................................................ 47

Best paper selection

Ferranti JM, Musser RC, Kawamoto K, Hammond WE. The clinical document architecture and the continuity of care record: a critical analysis. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2006 May-Jun;13(3):245-52........................................................ 49

Los RK, van Ginneken AM, van der Lei J. OpenSDE: a strategy for expressive and flexible structured data entry. Int J Med Inform 2005 Jul;74(6):481-90............................................................................. 49

Melton GB, Hripcsak G. Automated detection of adverse events using natural language processing of discharge summaries. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2005 Jul-Aug;12(4):448-57.......................................................... 49

Pakhomov SV, Coden A, Chute CG. Developing a corpus of clinical notes manually annotated for part-of-speech. Int J Med Inform 2006 Jun;75(6):418-29............................................................................ 49

Section 3: Health Information Systems

Survey

S. Sfakianakis, C. E. Chronaki, F. Chiarugi, F. Confort, D. G. Katehakis Reflections on the Role of Open Source in Health Information System Interoperability...... 50

Synopsis

O. J. Bott Health Information Systems - Technology and Acceptance............................................... 61

Best paper selection

Despont-Gros C, Landau R, Rutschmann O, Simon J, Lovis C. The digital pen and paper. Evaluation and acceptance of a new data acquisition device in clinical settings. Methods Inf Med 2005;44(3):359-68.................................................................................. 63

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Ghinea G, Asgari S, Moradi A, Serif T. A Jini-based solution for electronic prescriptions. IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed 2006 Oct;10(4):794-802.................................................. 64

Liu CT, Yang PT, Yeh YT, Wang BL. The impacts of smart cards on hospital information systems—an investigation of the first phase of the national health insurance smart card project in Taiwan. Int J Med Inform. 2006 Feb;75(2):173-81 .......................................................................... 64

Maglaveras N, Chouvarda I, Koutkias VG, Gogou G, Lekka I, Goulis D, et al. The Citizen Health System (CHS): a modular medical contact center providing quality telemedicine services. IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed 2005 Sep;9(3):353-62 ..................................................... 64

de Toledo P, Jimenez S, del Pozo F, Roca J, Alonso A, Hernandez C. Telemedicine experience for chronic care in COPD. IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed 2006 Jul;10(3):567-73..................................................... 65

Section 4: Sensor, Signal and Imaging Informatics

Survey

D. Konstantas An Overview of Wearable and Implantable Medical Sensors............................................. 66

Synopsis

R. Westphal Sensors, Medical Image and Signal Processing................................................................ 70

Best paper selection

DiMaio SP, Salcudean SE. Needle steering and motion planning in soft tissues. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 72 2005 Jun;52(6):965-74.......................................................... 72

Istrate D, Castelli E, Vacher M, Besacier L, Serignat JF. Information extraction from sound for medical telemonitoring. IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed 2006 Apr;10(2):264-74.................................................... 72

Kim HK, Biggs SJ, Schloerb DW, Carmena JM, Lebedev MA, Nicolelis MA, et al. Continuous shared control for stabilizing reaching and grasping with brain-machine interfaces. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2006 Jun;53(6):1164-73............................................................. 72

Moore Jackson MM, Mason SG, Birch GE. Analyzing trends in brain interface technology: a method to compare studies. Ann Biomed Eng 2006 May;34(5):859-78.......................................................................... 72

Parkka J, Ermes M, Korpipaa P, Mantyjarvi J, Peltola J, Korhonen I. Activity classification using realistic data from wearable sensors. IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed 2006 Jan;10(1):119-28.................................................... 72

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Section 5: Decision Support, Knowledge

Representation and Management

Survey

T. Y. Leong, K. Kaiser, S. Miksch Free and Open Source Enabling Technologies for Patient-Centric, Guideline-Based Clinical Decision Support: A Survey .................................................................................. 74

Synopsis

B. Brigl Decision Support, Knowledge Representation and Management: A Balancing Act between 87 Clinical Use and Implementation of Sophisticated Reasoning Techniques? ... 87

Best paper selection

Bellazzi R, Larizza C, Magni P, Bellazzi R. Temporal data mining for the quality assessment of hemodialysis services. Artif Intell Med 2005 May;34(1):25-39................................................................................ 89

Maviglia SM, Yoon CS, Bates DW, Kuperman G. KnowledgeLink: impact of context-sensitive information retrieval on clinicians’ information needs. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2006 Jan-Feb;13(1):67-73........................................................... 89

McGregor JC, Weekes E, Forrest GN, Standiford HC, Perencevich EN, Furuno JP, et al. Impact of a computerized clinical decision support system on reducing inappropriate antimicrobial use: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2006 Jul-Aug;13(4):378-84.......................................................... 89

Rubin DL, Dameron O, Bashir Y, Grossman D, Dev P, Musen MA. Using ontologies linked with geometric models to reason about penetrating injuries. Artif Intell Med 2006 Jul;37(3):167-76................................................................................ 89

Section 6: Education and Consumer Informatics

Survey

J. Mantas Education and Consumer Health Informatics..................................................................... 90

Synopsis

M. Marschollek Advances in Education and Consumer Health Informatics................................................. 95

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Best paper selection

Baker L, Rideout J, Gertler P, Raube K. Effect of an Internet-based system for doctor-patient communication on health care spending. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2005 Sep-Oct;12(5):530-6........................................................... 96

Gaudinat A, Ruch P, Joubert M, Uziel P, Strauss A, Thonnet M, et al. Health search engine with e-document analysis for reliable search results. Int J Med Inform 2006 Jan;75(1):73-85.............................................................................. 97

van den Brink JL, Moorman PW, de Boer MF, Pruyn JF, Verwoerd CD, van Bemmel JH. Involving the patient: a prospective study on use, appreciation and effectiveness of an information system in head and neck cancer care. Int J Med Inform 2005 Oct;74(10):839-49.............................................................................. 97

Woo CW, Evens MW, Freedman R, Glass M, Shim LS, Zhang Y, et al. An intelligent tutoring system that generates a natural language dialogue using dynamic multi-level planning. Artif Intell Med 2006 Sep;38(1):25-46................................................................................ 97

Section 7: Bioinformatics

Survey

L. J. Frey, V. Maojo, J. Mitchell Bioinformatics Linkage of Heterogeneous Clinical and Genomic Information in Support of Personalized Medicine .................................................................................................. 98

Synopsis

E. Lang Integrating Bioinformatics into Clinical Practice: Progress and Evaluation ....................... 106

Best paper selection

Cai Z, Mao X, Li S, Wei L. Genome comparison using Gene Ontology (GO) with statistical testing. BMC Bioinformatics 2006 Aug 11;7:374.......................................................................... 108

Choi JK, Yu U, Yoo OJ, Kim S. Differential coexpression analysis using microarray data and its application to human cancer. Bioinformatics 2005 Dec 15;21(24):4348-55.................................................................... 108

Goh CS, Gianoulis TA, Liu Y, Li J, Paccanaro A, Lussier YA, et al. Integration of curated databases to identify genotype-phenotype associations. BMC Genomics 2006 Oct 12;7:257................................................................................. 108

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Mansmann U. Genomic profiling. Interplay between clinical epidemiology, bioinformatics and biostatistics. Methods Inf Med.2005;44(3):454-60................................................................................ 108

Reviews

M.-C. Beuscart-Zéphir, P. Elkin, S. Pelayo, R. Beuscart The Human Factors Engineering Approach to Biomedical Informatics Projects: State of the Art, Results, Benefits and Challenges........................................................................ 109

A. Ozdas, R. Miller Care Provider Order Entry (CPOE): A perspective on factors leading to success or to failure.............................................................................................................................. 128

Research & Education

M. Bennani Othmani, S. Diouny, K. Balar Medical Informatics in Morocco: Casablanca Medical Informatics Laboratory.................. 138

E. Coiera, F. Magrabi, V. Sintchenko, T. Zrimec, G. McDonnell, G. Chung, G. Tsafnat The Centre for Health Informatics at the University of New South Wales - a clinical informatics research centre............................................................................................. 141

D. J. Severtson, L. Pape, P. Flatley Brennan, G. N. Phillips, Jr. Biomedical Informatics Training at the University of Wisconsin-Madison......................... 149

H. Tanaka, J. Nakaya Research and education for Biomedical Informatics at Tokyo Medical and Dental University ........................................................................................................................ 157

History of Medical Informatics

Editorial

N. Lorenzi 40 Years of IMIA: Shaping Medical Informatics Worldwide .............................................. 163

S. Kaihara S., Ball M.J., van Bemmel J.M.: IMIA Presidential Retrospectives on Medical Informatics................................................. 165

C. Kulikowski IMIA: Coalescing Medical Informatics Worldwide for 40 Years ........................................ 176

S. Huesing IMIA – A 40 year Organizational overview....................................................................... 186

H. Peterson, M. Hutter IMIA’s Publication History................................................................................................ 192

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Information on IMIA Information on IMIA ......................................................................................................... 197 Honorary Fellows ............................................................................................................ 199 National and Corresponding Members ............................................................................ 200 Institutional Members ...................................................................................................... 201 Addresses of IMIA Member Societies.............................................................................. 203 Information on IMIA Working Groups and Special Interest Groups.................................. 215

Information on IMIA Regions Information on APAMI (Asia Pacific Association for Medical Informatics)......................... 230 Information on Helina (African Region)............................................................................ 231 Information on IMIA-LAC (Federation of Health Societies in Latin America)..................... 232 Information on North-American Medical Informatics (NAMI) ............................................ 233 Information on EFMI (European Federation For Medical Informatics).............................. 236 Information on EFMI Working Groups ............................................................................. 238

Impressum The New IMIA Yearbook of Medical Informatics: Objectives, Content, Formats............... 247 Contributors .................................................................................................................... 249

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Academic programs, inter-university...... 90 Accuracy...........................................538, 558 Age, prediction..........................................191 Amplitude, modulation.............................216 Analysis .....................................................386 -, independent component.............164, 212 -, low-level.................................................538 -, real-time.................................................130 -, task.........................................................506 -, time-frequency......................................155 - training needs.........................................416 Apnea detection.......................................216 Architecture......................................458, 463 -, service-oriented....................................470 Archive .......................................................463 Array CGH .................................................608 Artifacts ......................................................261 Assessment, ecological momentary.....130 Atherosclerosis .........................................206 Autofocus...................................................314 Automation................................................314 Balance, autonomic.................................174 Balancing properties ................................440 Bandwidth, instantaneous equivalent...110 Benchmarking...........................................394 Bioinformatics ............................................. 80 Blood, glucose..........................................553 -, pressure .................................................202 Brain tumor, detection .............................236 Brain-computer interface................155, 160 Breast cancer........................................5, 212 Broadband phase synchronization........160 Burg entropy.............................................110 Cancer biology, integrative .....................367 Capacity, management...........................399 -, planning..................................................399 Cardiac fibrillation.....................................646 Cardiology, interventional.......................344 Cardiovascular diseases.........................227 Case search, analogous .........................700 CD, multimedia.........................................406 Cerebral laterality.....................................247 Cerebrovascular circulation....................308 Chain of confidence.................................458 Cholecystectomy, laparoscopic.............406 Cholesterol.................................................. 57 CIO ............................................................493 Classification, histological.......................716 Coherence.................................................102 Coherence, causal...................................102 Cohort study...................................................5 -, retrospective..........................................516 Communication, interdisciplinary............. 63 Completeness...........................................558 Complexity............................... 121, 186, 493 Computed tomography, 4D ....................254 -, multi-slice...............................................282 -, thoracic spiral........................................324 Computed x-ray tomography..................254 Computer..................................................... 57 -, model...................................... 19, 530, 646 -, simulation...............................................151 Computing, ubiquitous....................130, 476 Conceptual tool........................................... 27

Contact tracing............................................19 Copula theory........................................... 110 Coronary arteries..................................... 694 Coronary artery bypass.......................... 694 Coronary heart disease.............................43 Coronary stenosis.................................... 694 Correlation................................................ 147 -, long-range............................................. 174 -, positive/negative................................... 222 Cortical dipole imaging............................ 242 Cost analysis ................................... 344, 679 Covariance, signal and noise................. 242 Cross-correlation...................................... 164 Curriculum................................................. 394 Cytopathology.......................................... 314 Data warehouse, clinical......................... 516 Data, analysis ..............................................74 -, binary...................................................... 548 -, capture, electronic................................ 580 -, clustered ................................................ 548 -, entry,remote.......................................... 580 -, management system ........................... 410 -, management, medical............................74 -, mining, medical..................................... 523 -, processing, computer-based.............. 542 -, time-to-event......................................... 595 Database.......................................... 386, 679 -, relational ................................................ 516 Decision, making...................................... 636 -, -, computer-assisted ............................ 523 -, -, medical............................................... 506 -, support system ..................................... 236 -, tree classification.................................. 523 Deconvolution........................................... 231 Detrended fluctuation analysis ..... 174, 222 Diabetes mellitus............................. 222, 553 Diagnosis, computer-aided........... 212, 716 -, computer-assisted....................... 324, 425 Diagnostic prediction............................... 723 Diagnostic study....................................... 548 Dichotomization........................................ 352 Diffusion.................................................... 270 Diminution harmonic imaging................ 308 Distance, images ..................................... 292 -, learning .....................................................80 DNA, copy number.................................. 608 Document, structure recognition........... 700 Documentation system, clinical............. 580 Domain knowledge governance............ 332 DRGs......................................................... 679 Drug, adverse reactions ........................ 516 -, target...................................................... 360

ECG, multi -lead........................................ 216 Education ..................52, 63, 70, 74,80, 623 -, measurement..................................63, 394 -, medical.............................................67, 344 EEG................................................... 155, 160 -, high-resolution ...................................... 242 Effect size.....................................................70 E-Health ..............................................84, 500 E-Learning...................................................84 Electrocardiography................................ 227 EM algorithm ............................................ 151 EMA ........................................................... 130 EPR............................................................ 458 Estrogen.........................................................5 Evaluation...........................................70, 574 Evoked potentials, visually..................... 169 Exchange, international educational..... 709 Feature, extraction................................... 135 Feedback, analysis.................................. 202 -, tool.............................................................27 Filter, fast correlation based .................. 160 Finance...................................................... 601 Fluctuation................................................ 151 Fluorescence spectroscopy, time-

resolved............................................. 206 FMRI .......................................................... 247 Follow-up, examination........................... 716 Forecasting............................................... 553 Framingham risk function..........................43 Frequency, analysis ................................ 126 Fusion........................................................ 292 Gait information flow................................ 121 Gene, dosage........................................... 608 -, expression............................................. 608 -, therapy................................................... 542 Glaucoma.................................................. 425 Glioblastoma multiforme......................... 367 Glucose monitoring system,

continuous......................................... 222 GP ............................................................ 629 GPU ........................................................... 270 Guidelines ...........................................27, 641 Handedness.............................................. 247 Health ...........................................80, 90, 503 -, informatics .....................90, 503, 586, 625 -, information infrastructure .................... 463 -, information management.......................74 -, information systems

...........................52, 470, 476, 500, 601 -, platform.................................................. 451 -, record...............................................74, 332 -, services research................................. 344 -, telematics .................................................84 Healthcare, management....................... 399 -, quality........................................................57 Heart, catheterization.............................. 694 -, disease, ischemic....................................57 -, model...................................................... 282 -, rate.......................................................... 216 -, rate variability.....121, 179, 191, 202, 376 -, rate, fetal ...................................... 186, 196 -, sound analysis ...................................... 135 Hemodynamic.......................................... 530

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Hilbert transform.......................................376 HL7 CDA...................................................580 Home care.................................................476 Hormone, therapy.........................................5 Hospital, beds ...........................................399 -, equipment..............................................686 -, financial management..........................686 -, information systems ........... 484, 493, 656 -, supplies ..................................................686 Human genome........................................360 Hybrid systems.........................................344 Hypothesis test, directional two-sided .655 Hypothesis, auxiliary alternative ............655 ICU length of stay.....................................352 Image, analysis................................236, 251 -, -, computer-assisted....................254, 308 -, computing, medical..............................251 -, generation..............................................251 -, interpolation...........................................300 -, interpretation.........................................275 -, medical..................................................... 36 -, processing............................................... 36 -, -, automatic algorithms ........................324 -, -, computer-aided.................................614 -, -, computer-assisted....................261, 700 -, reconstruction........................................261 -, registration.............................................292 -, -, elastic..................................................287 -, -, nonlinear.............................................251 -, segmentation.........................................251 IMIA...................................................503, 625 Infections, nosocomial.............................595 Informatics.......................................... 63, 394 -, biomedical....................................... 80, 484 -, medical

..........80, 84, 251, 344, 503, 623, 625, 641, 709,

-, autonomic flow......................................121 -, mutual.....................................................292 Information, nursing systems .................416 -, services..................................................629 -, system...........................................586, 558 -, theory......................................................147 Infrastructure.............................................458 Instruction, computer-assisted................. 67 Intensive care unit....................................506 Interfaces, medical...................................451 International Medical Informatics

Association...............................503, 625 Internet.......................................................671 Interoperability.................................... 463,47 Inverse problem........................................242 IUGR ..........................................................186 Java............................................................344 JMF 344 Kernel, binary...........................................169

Laguerre deconvolution.......................... 206 Laterality Index......................................... 247 Learning.................................................... 394 -, bayesian...................................................96 -, problem -based.........................................67 Leavitt’s diamond........................................27 Lempel Ziv complexity ............................ 186 Libraries, medical..................................... 671 Likelihood, ratio test................................ 432 Long-memory........................................... 117 Lung cancer.............................................. 254 Macular degeneration............................. 432 Magnetoencephalography, direct

current................................................ 164 Magnocellular........................................... 169 Malignant pleural mesothelioma........... 324 Mammogram ............................................ 212 Medical informatics education..................90 Medical record, electronic...................... 451 -, systems, computerized ................57, 332 Medical services, integration.................. 344 Medicine, genomic................................... 484 -, translational........................................... 601 MeSH......................................................... 629 Meta-analysis ........................................... 662 Meta-languages ..........................................52 Methods, epidemiological..........................19 Microarray................................................. 538 Microbubbles ............................................ 308 Microcalcification, clustered................... 716 Microscopy, multimodal .......................... 314 Mock circulatory system ......................... 530 Model, active appearance .........................36 -, computer-assisted................................ 196 -, conceptual............................................. 558 -, formal........................................................52 -, log-binomial........................................... 567 -, logistic.................................................... 662 -, multistate ............................................... 595 -, multivariate autoregressive................. 202 -, precision................................................ 352 -, simulation.............................................. 367 -, statistical, computer-assisted............. 275 Modeling.................................................... 386 -, anatomical............................................. 282 -, motion ................................................... 282 -, organs .................................................... 251 -, predictive ............................................... 352 Morphology............................................... 425 Mortality, attributable............................... 595 Mortality, rate ............................................ 420 Motor imagery.......................................... 155 Multiparameter representation............... 236 Myogenic................................................... 102

National switchpoint................................ 458 Natural history.......................................... 432 Nearest neighbor criterion...................... 716 NEMS ........................................................ 410 Nerve stimulation, selective ................... 142 Nervous system, autonomic................... 202 Network, bayesian................................... 723 Neural network, artificial ........................ 723 -, multilayer perceptron........................... 212 Neural prostheses.................................... 142 Neural spike trains................................... 151 Neurovascular coupling .......................... 164 Obstetrics .................................................. 196 Odds ratio.................................................. 662 Oncology, in silico.................................... 367 Online, learning...........................................96 -, system.................................................... 671 OpenEHR archetypes............................. 332 Operational characteristics..................... 202 Optical flow............................................... 300 Optimization.............................................. 399 OSEM reconstruction.............................. 231 Outbreak.......................................................19 Parameter, extraction.............................. 186 -, values ..................................................... 440 Parametric Weiner filter.......................... 242 Parvocellular............................................. 169 Pathways................................................... 386 -, clinical .................................................... 574 -, critical..................................................... 574 Patient, care planning.................... 574, 636 -, discharges ............................................. 700 -, education............................................... 406 -, identification .......................................... 601 -, record.................................................70, 74 -, -, computerized .................................... 410 -, -, electronic.............................70, 458, 463 Pattern recognition system..................... 425 Peer review............................................... 623 Periodicals ................................................ 623 PET spatial resolution recovery............. 231 Phase singularity...................................... 646 Phonocardiography, intelligent.............. 135 Pleural thickening.................................... 324 Point of care systems.............................. 686 Poisson regression.................................. 567 Population-attributable fraction.............. 595 Positive time-frequency distribution...... 110 Potential, movement-related.................. 242 PRBS......................................................... 169 Precision.................................................... 538 Prediction .....................................................96 -, bayesian...................................................96 Prevalence ratio....................................... 567 -, assessment........................................... 586 -, generalized fractional.......................... 117 -, management......................................... 574 -, measure................................................. 586 Processing, lexical-semantic.................. 247 Properties, local material........................ 287 Proportions................................................ 548 Prosthesis ................................................. 147 Public health................................................19

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Radiation, exposure.................................344 Radiobiology.............................................367 Ramanujan series ....................................126 Random point process ............................151 Randomization, unstratified....................440 Record, linkage.........................................420 -, medical...................................................694 Recovery, postoperative .........................406 Recruitment, order...................................142 Registration...............................................300 Regression analysis........................432, 723 Rényi divergence.....................................110 Requirements analysis ............................629 Research, networks .................................601 Respiraton, motion...................................254 -, movements............................................216 -, phase.............................................179, 376 -, sinus arrhythmia..........................179, 376 Retina.........................................................425 Retroviral integration...............................542 Risk, competing........................................595 -, factor...................................................5, 432 -, management.........................................686 -, score.......................................................410 Rotary pump.............................................530 Sample, size calculation.........................655 Sampling, strategies ................................410 SAS® ..........................................................662 Scene detection........................................314 Secondary structures...............................126 Segmentation.............................................. 36 Semantic interoperability.........................332 Sensor, system.........................................476 -, wearable.................................................130 Sequential Monte Carlo............................. 96 Service, collaborative ..............................344 Shared care...............................................476 Side effects ....................................................5 Signal, processing......... 126, 135, 196, 227 Signaling....................................................386 Simulation..................................................386 Software, engineering.............................641 Spectroscopy, near-infrared...................164 Spike, sorting............................................147 Statistics, decision support techniques 196 -, learning...................................................360 Strategy .....................................................625 Students, nursing .....................................416 Study, case-control.......................................5 -, irresponsibly underpowered................655 -, observation.................................................5 Support vector machine..........................360 Survey........................................................493 Survival, analysis .....................................420 -, relative rate ............................................420 Systems, knowledge-based...................523 -, nonlinear dynamical ............................... 96

Tabular form documents......................... 700 Task, performance................................... 506 Technologies, wireless............................ 130 Telecare, environment analysis................27 -, service design..........................................27 Telemedicine ......................................27, 709 Telem onitoring.......................................... 476 Test, exact ................................................ 662 -, nonparametric....................................... 538 TGF102 Ties 538 Time-varying............................................. 102 TISS score................................................ 410 Training.........................................................84 Transmission computed tomography... 261 Triangular mesh....................................... 646 Type-III-error............................................. 655 Ultrasound, contrast agents................... 308 Underdispersion....................................... 567 Usability testing........................................ 416 User-computer interface................ 636, 694 Uterine cervical diseases........................ 614 Validation, external ....................................43 Validity....................................................... 558 Variable regularisation ............................ 287 Variance, robust....................................... 567 Vision......................................................... 147 Visual pathway......................................... 169 Volume, direct rendering........................ 270 -, preservation.......................................... 287 -, segmentation........................................ 270 -, smoothing.............................................. 270 Warping..................................................... 292 Wavelet, coefficients ............................... 117 -, decomposition....................................... 135 Web, medical sites .................................. 629 -, services.................................................. 484 WHO.......................................................... 503 Work, collaborative .................................. 506 World Health Organization..................... 503 XML............................................................ 580

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Aach, T. .............................308, 314, 324 Abu-Hanna, A. ................................... 629 Ahles, P.P.M. ........................................70 Akazawa, K. ....................................... 723 Akiyama, M. ....................................... 686 Albanese, J. ....................................... 506 Alexopoulos, D............................27, 344 Alvarez, F.P. .........................................19 Ammenwerth , E............................... 586 Ando, A. .............................................. 222 Antipas, V.P. ...................................... 367 Antoku, Y. ........................................... 709 Antonini, F. ......................................... 506 Antonioli, D......................................... 399 Aoki, N. ............................................... 671 Aoyagi, N............................................ 174 Appelt, J.-U. ....................................... 542 Aronsky, D.......................................... 623 Asai, K................................................. 247 Baker, D. ............................................ 206 Barreiro, J........................................... 484 Barros , A.K........................................ 212 Barthélemy, M. .....................................19 Bauch, M. ..............................................67 Baumgartner, C................................. 386 Bell, A.A. ............................................. 314 Benner, A. .......................................... 655 Bergemann, D........................................1 Berger, H............................................ 608 Beseth, B............................................ 206 Beyer, J............................................... 270 Beyersmann , J. ................................ 595 Bindewald, A. ..................................... 432 Birbas, K............................................. 406 Biron, P............................................... 451 Blobel, B.G.M.E....................................52 Böcking, A. ......................................... 314 Boes, T. .............................................. 538 Bonnardel, N...................................... 506 Bott, O.J.............................................. 476 Braumann, U.-D. ............................... 614 Breit, M. .............................................. 386 Brenck, F. ........................................... 410 Bruckner, T......................................... 567 Bühler, K............................................. 270 Burghoff, M. ........................................ 164 Busse, R............................................. 548 Buzug, T.M......................................... 261

Campos, L.F.A. ..................................212 Castiglioni, I. .......................................231 Castillo, F.D........................................636 Celka, P...............................................160 Cerutti, S. ............................94, 126, 231 Chaisaowong, K.................................324 Chaudet , H.........................................506 Chaussalet, T. ....................................399 Chen, X. ..............................................360 Chen, Y. ..............................................360 Chimiak-Opoka, J..........................V586 Chon, K.H...........................................102 Corino, V.D.A. ....................................191 Crépey, P. .............................................19 Crespo, J.............................................484 de Boer, F. ..........................................227 de Graaf, J.C. .....................................458 de Jonge, E.........................................352 de la Calle, G......................................484 De Lazzari, C......................................530 de Lusignan, S. ...........................57, 394 de Mol, B.A.J.M. .................................352 Dell’Acqua, F. .....................................231 Demiris, G.............................................63 Dharmala, K............................................ 5 Dickhaus, H........................................216 Dikaiakos, M. ........................................84 Diomidous, M. ......................................90 Doi, K...................................................716 Dolar-Szczasny, J..............................432 Dorafshar, A.H. ..................................206 Dreyhaupt, J. ......................................432 Durand, D.M. ......................................142 Durand, T. ...........................................451 Ehrhardt, J. .......................254, 300, 614 Ensio, A. ..............................................463 Fang, Q. ..............................................206 Fang, Y. ...............................................360 Fazio, F. ..............................................231 Fellenberg, K......................................542 Ferrari, G.............................................530 Ferrario, M. .........................................186 Fischer, B............................................287 Fischer, G. ...................................36, 646 Fishbein, M.C. ....................................206 Flory, A. ...............................................451 Folz, J..................................................574 Fox, J. ..................................................636 Franz, A...............................................287 Freischlag , J. .....................................206 Frenzel, T. ...........................................254 Fritz, L..................................................270 Fruehauf, S.........................................542 Fujita, I.................................................147 Funkat, G. ...........................................601 Ganslandt , T. .....................................580 Garcia-Remesal , M. .........................484 Garde, S..............................................332 Geissbuhler, A. ...................................503 Gilardi, M.C.........................................231 Giordano, F.A. ....................................542

Giuse, D.A. .................................450, 500 Glasspool, D.W. .................................636 Gonzaga, A.........................................117 Gortzis, L......................................27, 344 Goto, A. ...............................................222 Graeber, S. .........................................574 Gromann, C........................................662 Gronenschild, E.H.B.M. ......................70 Gysels, E.............................................160 Haag, M.................................................67 Haber, E..............................................292 Hadwiger, M. ......................................270 Haeber, A. ...........................................601 Hahm, J.S. ..........................................709 Hamilton, E.F......................................196 Han, H.S..............................................709 Handels, H........................251, 254, 300 Haraguchi, R.......................................694 Hartmann, B. ......................................410 Hasenclever, D...................................608 Hasman, A. ...........................................70 Haux, R. ... 74, 393, 476, 503, 623, 625 He, B...........................................155, 242 Healy, J.C. .............................................. 2 Heard, S..............................................332 Heid, J. ..................................................67 Heimann, T. ........................................275 Heinzl, H..............................................655 Hejlesen, O.........................................553 Hempelmann, G.................................410 Hersh, W.R...........................................80 Hess, F. .................................................67 Hintermüller, C.....................................36 Hintringer, F........................................646 Holz , F.G. ...........................................432 Hori, J. .................................................242 Horn, L.-C. ..........................................614 Horsch, A. ...........................................251 Hotz-Wagenblatt, A. ..........................542 Hovenga, E.J.S. .................................332 Hoyer, D..............................................121 Hue, L..................................................155 Igarashi, T...........................................694 Ishibashi, S. ........................................222 Ishikawa, T..........................................130 Ißler, L. ................................................641 Itkonen, P............................................463 Ittrich, C...............................................655 Jacob, P..............................................574 Jäger, P...............................................324 Jo, J.A. .................................................206 Jöckel, K.-H. .......................................538 Jonkman, M. .......................................227 Jossif, A.................................................84 Ju, K.....................................................102 Junger, A. ............................................410

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Kabus, S............................................. 287 Kalogeropoulo, I. ..................................27 Kalogeropoulos, A. ............................ 344 Kaneko, H........................................... 147 Katostaras, T. .................................... 406 Katsuragawa, S................................. 716 Kawanaka, A. ..................................... 117 Kawanaka, H..................................... 700 Kawashima, T.................................... 147 Keane, J.A. ......................................... 523 Kearney, R.E. .................................... 196 Keskimäki, I........................................ 558 Kier, C................................................. 308 Kikkawa, S. ........................................ 110 Kikuchi, H........................................... 130 Kildegaard, J...................................... 553 Kim, Y.W............................................. 709 Kiuchi, T.............................................. 671 Kiyono, K. .................................. 174, 222 Klasen, J............................................. 410 Klein, A. .............................................. 580 Knaup, P.......................................74, 332 Knepper, A. ........................................ 324 Kobayashi, K...................................... 723 Koeda, M. ........................................... 247 Korpela, M. ......................................... 470 Kotani, K.................................... 179, 376 Kraus, T. ............................................. 324 Kreuz, M. ............................................ 608 Kuhn, K.A. ................................. 450, 500 Kumamoto, I....................................... 679 Kumano, H......................................... 130 Kundt, G. ............................................ 440 Kusaka, I............................................. 222 Kuska, J.-P......................................... 614 Kuss, O............................................... 662 Kuwata, S........................................... 516 Kwankam, S.Y. .................................. 503 Kyriacou, E............................................84 Kyriakides, M. .......................................84 Laine, M. ............................................. 463 Langer, C............................................ 270 Lapão, L..................................... 450, 500 Lau, P.Y. ............................................. 236 Laufs, S............................................... 542 Lauterborn, D..................................... 542 Le Beux, P.......................................... 399 Lee, C. .....................................................5 Lee, Y. ......................................................5 Lee, Y.S. ............................................. 709 Leiner, F. ...............................................74 Lemij, H.G. ......................................... 425 Leong, T.Y. ......................................... 623 Leven, F.J..............................................67 Liebert, A. ........................................... 164 Liu, Z. .................................................. 155 Loeffler, M. ........................572, 608, 614 Lombrail, P......................................... 399 Lorenz, C............................................ 282 Lorenzi, N........................................... 625 Low, D................................................. 254 Lu, W................................................... 254 Lüthje, P. ............................................ 558

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