edition 95 team b

8/20/2019 Edition 95 Team B

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Edition 95 Team B February 12th

2016 Founded by Ben Owen 2011 Illustrations by Ellie Parker

TWO OF THE MOST FAMOUS

PHARAOHS EVER

By Toby Gaulton

TUTANKHAMUN

Tutankhamun was a pharaoh from the 18th Dynasty,

during the New Kingdom and he is the best known

pharaoh today. He was the son of king Akhenaten.

He became pharaoh at the age of 9! In his first year

of rule, he abandoned Armana and restored the old

cults of the Gods. Tutankhamun restored the power

of Thebes and died after 10 years of rule.

Grave robbers never found his tomb so when

Howard Carter (1874-1939) found his tomb every -

thing was intact. There is a rumour that whoever

found Tut’s tomb would be cursed. Howard Carter

must have got the curse because: he saw red lightsfrom Tut’s death mask (supposedly), a swarm of

wasps kept attacking him, he was stung by a

scorpion twice, he died 2 years later and a snake ate

his canary.

RAMSES II was born in 1303 B.C and lived to1213

B.C. He was the 3rd pharaoh of the 19th Dynasty. He

won many army campaigns including fighting the

Hitties. At the age of 14 he was appointed pharaoh

by his father Seti I. He died at 90 years old. He

celebrated 14 sed festivals. The 1st is held 30 years

after a pharaohs raign and the others every 3 years.He was buried at the Valley of the Kings.

Editorial

Hello and welcome to another issue of the

best school paper in the world (probably!),

Totally Tockington, the paper written BY

students FOR students. This week the theme

is Africa and I think we have everything you

need to know about Africa in this paper! There

are so many amazing articles, so you hadbetter get reading! But first, let me tell you

about some of the incredible articles coming

up...

We have articles on: the Nile by Harry H, the

Sahara by Otis, the Kenyan flag by Logan,

African instruments by Elizabeth, an exploding

volcano by Harry B and much more!

What a paper! But this week, as well as

everything else, we have 2 new writers joining:

Charlotte and Beth! Charlotte is telling us

about Lions and Beth is reviewing the Lion

King! Ok you better get reading now...ENJOY!

Tabitha Huby

Editor

Team B


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Editorial

Ah welcome readers of Totally Tockington. This

week our theme is Africa. This is a very

interesting and philosophical theme, as it

relates to us at school. Food waste.

While you’re reading this paper,

I’ll guarantee you that you are reading thisarticle on a full stomach, whereas some

children in certain parts of Africa are starving

right at this moment. Now starving is a very

loose term. I bet you would have said to your

mum, “Muuuuum, I’m starving” but really?

Really, are you starving? We are fed

EXTREMELY well at Tockington and we are

never starving.

So, to conclude, I’m not asking

you to send all your food to Africa but just think.

Think about people who are starving today. You

can mainly resource it and there is even some

charities who will support the starving people

Alex Jacobi

Editor-in-Chief

COMPETITION

Write a caption for this picture and send it in to us for a

great prize. Name: ______________________________

What Is the giraffe saying?

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN AFRICAN

AND INDIAN ELEPHANTS

BY JAI PATEL

Elephants are the largest land animals. There are

two types, African and Indian elephants. Although

they are very similar, there also a few differencesbetween them.

African elephants are taller, bigger, heavier and

stronger than Indian elephants. They are also

more aggressive and, unlike Indian elephants,

they are almost impossible to tame. Indian

elephants have been tamed to do work like

moving logs in forests. They have also been used

in circuses and for tourists for a very long time

which is sad because they get separated from

their family and are forced to do tricks and are

punished if they don’t.

All Elephants flap their ears to cool down. African

elephants have bigger ears because it’s hotter in

Africa compared to the cooler jungles of Asia.

The forehead of an African elephant has one big

hump, but Indian elephants have two humps with

a dent in the middle.

African elephants have bigger tusks than the

Indian elephants and are found in both male and

females. In Indian elephants tusks only grow in

males. Also, African elephants have two lips on

the end of their trunk and Indian elephants only

have one lip which is the top lip. African elephants

have three toenails on their hind feet, and Indian

elephants have four.

Sadly, elephants are disappearing fast because of

poaching. I hope that we can stop this to save

these amazing animals!!

Indian African


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Diamond Mines in Africa

by Jonathan Baguley

Diamonds are made of carbon atoms in a very rigid cubic structure, called a diamond lattice. This

structure makes it very hard and also means it has very few impurities. This is why their name

comes from the Ancient Greek word for ‘unbreakable’. It also splits light up into different colours very

easily.

Most natural diamonds are formed at depths of 140-190 kilometres underground in the Earth’s

mantle, the very hot place where magma exists. They are brought closer to the surface of the earth

when volcanoes erupt and the magma is released. It is also possible to make diamonds artificially,

by copying the conditions in the mantle.

Some diamonds on earth came from space. A type of diamond called Carbonado found in South

America is thought to have come from an asteroid impact.

Diamonds are described by the four Cs:

- Carat – its weight (1 carat = 0.2 grams)- Cut – the quality of the cut around its proportions, symmetry and polish- Colour – how close to white (or colourless)- Clarity – how free it is of contaminants

The most familiar use for diamonds today is gemstones for jewellery/decoration, and in industry for

cutting hard materials.

There are 15 diamond producing countries in Africa: Botswana, South Africa, Angola, Namibia,

Democratic Republic of Congo, Zimbabwe, Guinea, Ghana, Congo, Lesotho, Liberia, Sierra Leone,Central African Republic, Tanzania and Togo.

Botswana is currently the largest diamond-producing country in Africa and the whole of the world. It

has the two largest diamond mines in the world, producing $2.4Bn and $1.2Bn in 2015. It has been

estimated that Botswana will produce around 24 million carats this year.

Types of Diamond Mining

In Diamond Pipe Mining prospectors follow secondary diamond sources to find where the primary

source of ‘pipe’ deposits are. They then put shanks into the ground where the pipes are and extracthuge amounts of rock and soil. The rock and soil go to special plants where the rough diamonds are

extracted. A few hundred tons of ore might be need to produce a single carat of gem-quality rough

diamonds. Rough diamonds are then sorted into different categories for gem-quality or industrial

grades.

Alluvial Diamond Mining – Water, streams and rivers are the main areas for secondary mining

deposits as they can carry rough diamonds away from the pipes. Miners build walls to divert the

river, and then use bulldozers to explore the riverbank. When they find the diamond-rich depth, the

raw material is transported away for processing. Alluvial mining can cause serious damage to the

natural environment.

This interestin article about diamond minin is continued on a e 4


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Continued from page 3

Blood diamonds

Blood diamonds are also called conflict

diamonds. These are diamonds mined in a war

zone and sold to make money to fund the war.

This affects many of the countries in Africa that

have had civil wars including Angola, Democratic

Republic of Congo and Sierra Leone.

To try to stop this, in 2001 the diamond industry

formed the World Diamond Council, to approve

diamonds from non-conflict sources. The

Kimberley Process Certification Scheme was

created in 2002. This has made life difficult for

criminals and helped legal diamonds get to the

market. This has helped poor governments such

as Sierra Leone to raise money to help develop

their countries.

Largest diamond

The largest rough diamond ever found is called

the Cullinan Diamond found in South Africa in

1905. It weighed 1.37lb. It was then cut into

many diamonds and one of them is the famous

Star of Africa which is in the Crown Jewels today.

Sources: Wikipedia, beyond4cs.com,

answersafrica.com, lumeradiamonds.com and

www.therichest.com

Lesser Star of Africa Diamond

A Review of the Lion King Film

By Beth Gill

The Lion King is the story of Simba the Lion

Cub who is the son of King Mufasa who rules

the Pride Lands. When Simba is born he

becomes next in line to the throne which

annoys his nasty Uncle Scar. Uncle Scar tries

to kill Simba twice but Musafa finds out and

tries to save Simba but ends up dying during a

stampede. Scar tells Simba that it was his fault

that Mufasa died and tells him to run-away.

Simba runs away and is found by Timon and

Pumbaa who raise Simba using the motto

hakuna matata (no worries). Simba then saves

Timon and Pumbaa from a lioness who turns

out to be Nala, Simba’s best friend from beforehe ran away. She tells him that Scar has

ruined the Pride Lands and persuades him to

come back. Scar is killed and Simba takes his

place as king of the Pride Lands with his new

wife Nala.

Lionsby Charlotte Gill

Lions

by Charlotte Gill

The lion is one of the five big cats. A female

lion is called a lioness. Lions are carnivores

which means they are meat eaters. The

African lion is the second – largest living cat

after the tiger. Some male lions weigh more

than 250kg in weight!

Lions sleep mainly during the day and are

mostly active at night. The adult male lion is

the only cat to have a mane! Lions live for 10-

14 years. Only 1 in 8 male lions lives to be an

adult. A group of lions is called a pride. A

pride can have about 30 lions. A lion’s roar canbe heard about 8km away! Lions are sadly

considered vulnerable to extinction.


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How To Make An Exploding Volcano

By Harry Bloomfield

What You Need

-Vinegar -Washing Liquid-A Small Bottle -Sellotape-Baking Soda -Tissue Paper-Card -Scissors

1) Cut the card and make a cone shape -I decorated mine with tissue paper

3) Now quickly add the baking soda, step back and watch your Volcano erupt.

2) Put the Vinegar and washing liquid intothe bottle, and put the cone over the top - Iadded red food colouring for added effect


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All about the Nile

by Harry Huby

Where is the Nile?

The Nile starts in Burundi, south of the equator

and goes up into North Africa until eventually

ending up in Egypt and then goes into theMediterranean Sea. It goes through many

countries including: Burundi, Sudan, Ethiopia

and Egypt.

Facts on the Nile:

It is the longest river in the world.

It is 6,853m long.

It goes through, Cairo, Jinja, and Juba .

22% of the Nile is in Egypt.

Why Is Ivory Poaching Illegal?By William Bate

Illegal prices of ivory in China in 2014, the price for ivory was $2,100 per kilogram. Back in

2010 the price of ivory was $750 per kilo which is a lot of money. Elephant ivory has been

exported from Africa and Asia for many centuries going back to the 14th century. At the peak of

ivory trading, during the colonisation of Africa, around 900 tonnes of ivory was sent to Europe

alone. Killing African elephants for their precious ivory is making them closer to being extinct and

that will be sad if elephants become extinct because of man's greediness.

https://www.google.co.uk/imgres?imgurl=http://padfield.com/egypt/nile-river/images/nile-river-03.jpg&imgrefurl=http://padfield.com/egypt/nile-river/index.html&h=768&w=1024&tbnid=dnlOZh22bb9JFM:&docid=9E59TYfqy-3EBM&ei=zT-3VsSFIYiy-wH2kLDoAg&tbm=isch&ved=0ahUKEwiEoLjK2uXKAhUI2T4KHXYIDC0QMwgqKAowCghttp://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwicsdzVzeXKAhUHCBoKHet5DGMQjRwIBw&url=http://ohmygodfacts.com/5-interesting-nile-river-facts/&bvm=bv.113370389,d.d2s&psig=AFQjCNFkFDdH7Gj6kFiGH38u2zGzTnwNBQ&ust=1454932900405550


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Acoustics from AfricaBy Elizabeth Allan-Jones

I am writing about different types of African instruments. Some of these instruments date back

to the 12th century. Africa’s most popular instrument is the drums.

Kora: it looks like a guitar and sounds like a harpthough when played traditionally, Sounds likeflamenco guitar. It was invented in the 20th century.

Djembe: A djembe is a popular traditional Africandrum, which is commonly used for beating outrhythms in cultural music pieces.It originated in the 12th century and spread around Africa.

Kalimba: The Kalimba is a small hand held pianothat is often called the Travellers Friend becausepeople can play them while travelling from placeto place. It was first played in the 1960s to the1970s

Balafon: A balafon is a big wooden xylophone thatusually has 16 to 27 keys that play melodic tunes. Itwas invented in the 14th century.

Carimbo: The Carimbo drum is an African drumthat is normally about 1 metre high and 30centimeters wide. It is played when we do theCarimbo dance .

Acknowledgements - Dorling Kindersley Eyewitness Guides Africa

- Answers Africa


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Nelson Mandela

By William Sheppard

Mandela as a child

Rolihlahla ‘Nelson’ Mandela was born in 18 of July 1918 in Quna in South Africa. As the youngest son

of an African chief, he was offered an opportunity to go to school. Here he was called Nelson by one of

his teachers. He finally studied at two university’s Fort hare and Witwatersrand and eventually

qualified in law

Political developmentIn the year 1943, Mandela joined the African National Congress (ANC) which wanted African rights

and political changes. Mandela was part of a young group of campaigners.

In 1948, the government introduced apartheid. This was a legal system causing separation of people

based on their racial classification. This led to non-whites being mistreated. The government used the

police and the army to enforce apartheid.

Activism, arrest and imprisonment

As a highly educated lawyer, Mandela was an influential figure within the ANC. During these years,Mandela was banned and arrested and imprisoned many times and was tried for treason in 1956. The

government sought to suppress all anti apartheid movements. As a last resort, after the failure of

peaceful resistance to challenge the government oppression Mandela founded Umkhon to we sizwe

(MK), spear of the nation.

An influential prisoner

Nelson Mandela was imprisoned for nearly 27 years. As a highly respected figure of the ANC he

remained the role model for many of his inmates. Mandela was offered opportunities for a conditional

release from prison. However he was adamant that ‘only free men can negotiate’

Facts

Mandela was released 11 Feb 1990 and voted president In 1993 he won the Nobel peace prize Mandela gave his prize money to children charities


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The Kenyan Flag

By Logan Fitzpatrick

The Kenyan flag ('Bendera ya Kenya' in

Swahili) is based on that of Kenya’s African

National Union (KANU), the political party that led

the fight for freedom and independence of Kenya.

Kenya’s flag was adopted on 12th December 1963as the country’s flag.

The colours of the flag represent various

meanings:

Black – represents the people of Kenya

White – represents peace and honesty

Red – represents the bloodshed during the

fight for independence

Green – represents the country’s

landscape and natural wealth Maasai Shield and Spears – represents

the defence of freedom

ANIMAL PUZZLES

If one giraffe’s tongue is 46cm long, how much tongue isthere in three giraffes?

How many zebras in this huddle?

Kenya is located in East Africa. Its currency is the Kenyan shilling.

Estimated population of Kenya in 2012 was 43 million

Nairobi is the capital and largest city.

Young people – 60% of the population are aged 0-24 years old.

Animals – there are rhinos, elephants, giraffes, leopards, zebra, lions.

National Parks – these are nature reserves where you can do a safari.

Flag - black = people, red = blood, green = land, white = peace

Agriculture – Tea, coffee, and flowers are important to Kenya’s economy.

Commonwealth – Kenya is part of the Commonwealth.

Tanzania, Uganda, Somalia, Sudan, and Ethiopia are the bordering Countries.Swahili and English are the main languages, but there also local dialects.

By James Packham


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Book Review

The White Giraffe

By Tabitha Huby

As this week’s theme is Africa, I decided to doa book review on a book that I have recently

read, called The White Giraffe. I hope this book

review makes you want to read this book, as I

enjoyed it thoroughly and I hope you will too.

This book is about a girl called Martine. When

she turned 11, a disastrous event causes her

to be sent to Africa to live with her

grandmother at a game reserve. When she

gets there, Martine doesn’t quite get theimpression that her grandmother wants her,

and she doesn’t fit in at school either.

Martine thinks that she will never find a true

friend in Africa, but one dark and stormy night

she sees a giraffe that will change her life

forever. But it wasn’t any giraffe, it was a white

giraffe; one of the rarest animals in the world.

And it was looking right at her...

Was that giraffe meant for her? Will she ever

meet it? Why was it looking at her ? Find out in

this amazing book!

I recommend this book to anyone who loves

animals and I hope you enjoy reading it as

much as I did!

It is by Lauren St John and you can borrow it

from our library.

Sahara Desertby Otis Walker

The Sahara is the largest hot desert in the

World. Sahara means ‘The Greatest Desert’ in

Arabic.

A desert is an area of land where there is little

rain and harsh conditions where it is difficult for

things to live and grow.

There are also polar deserts. They are called

‘cold deserts’. Antarctica and the Arctic are

cold deserts and they are bigger in area than

the Sahara, so this makes the Sahara the third

biggest desert in the world.

It has an area of 9.4 million square kilometres.

It is almost the same size as the United States

or China. It is in North Africa and it covers the

following countries: Algeria, Libya, Egypt,

Chad, Mali, Sudan, Morocco, Mauritania and

Sudan.

Deserts are hot during the day and cold at

night. This happens because in the desertthere is no cloud cover, so at night all the heat

escapes. Animals and plants that live in

deserts have adapted to survive in these harsh

conditions. There are sand dunes as tall as

590 feet. The highest point in the Sahara is

Emi Koussi that has an elevation of 3,445m

and is a volcano.


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Three Major African Diseases By Oliver Gill

Unfortunately, Africa doesn’t have the medicinewe have. So they have these types ofdiseases fairly often...

Ebola

This deadly disease has had its fair share ofoutbreaks. In fact there were 2 outbreaks in1976. 436 people died in total! Deaths usuallyoccur 7-16 days after you have been infected.The Zaire strain of Ebola has a death rate of88%! So if you’re infected, you are very likelyto die. The Ebola virus is similar to the Marburgvirus, because they infect both monkeys andhumans. The virus has many frighteningsymptoms, such as: Fever, severehaemorrhages, nausea, diarrhoea and manymore. People do not carry it. They are sick andit infects their blood, so they pass it on withtheir bodily fluids. There was another outbreaka few years ago, and it killed thousands ofpeople! It was also said to have been carriedby fruit bats. It cannot be cured by drugs...

Malaria Malaria is caused by parasites. In 2015, 3.2billion people were at risk of this deadly

disease. That is just less than half the world’spopulation. On average, it infects over 200million people each year. A mosquito-proof netto sleep in helps to protect you from thisdisease. These nets actually help, becauseaccording to the World Health Organisation(WHO), they reduce th rate by 20%. However,unlike Ebola, this disease is curable. UNICEFhave been most helpful, because between2008-2012, they have provided and distributedover 120 million nets to over 30 different

countries. In some severe cases, you can evenget a coma. Unfortunately, Malaria is one ofthe world’s worst diseases..

HIV This stands for Human ImmunodeficiencyVirus. Africa gets hit by most disease cases,because, out of the entire world, in 2011, 71%of HIV related deaths were in Africa. Onaverage, 230 people are infected everyHOUR!! You can't really tell if you or somebody

has HIV, as it is not really a visual disease.There are few symptoms, such as: swollenglands and flu-like symptoms. Once you havethe disease, it starts do damage, or even killspecific immune cells. This will weaken you,then you will soon be diagnosed with Aids...

Romeo and Juliet by Georgina Loring

Apologies to Georgina for accidentally leaving this

out of last week

s paper

A famous play by William Shakespeare, Romeo

and Juliet is a tale of two star-crossed lovers whoare not allowed to see each other as they arefrom two families (the Capulets and theMontagues) who hate one another. They areforbidden to marry so at only thirteen years old,Juliet marries Romeo in secret. However, thenight before the wedding, Romeo kills Juliet'scousin in a duel, and is made to leave her. If hewere to return to the city, he would be killed. Julietis then forced to marry Paris, who was chosen byher parents. However Juliet refuses but then

'changes her mind' and agrees. She planned tofake her death by taking a sleeping potion but herparents think she is dead and put her in a tomb.Unaware of the plan, Romeo sees that sleepingJuliet, and thinks she's dead and is so sad that hekills himself. When Juliet wakes up, she sees thedead Romeo, and kills herself with his sword.

The concept of star-crossed lovers, killingthemselves over love dates back to the Romantimes with 'Pyramus and Thisbe'. They were

forbidden to see each other, again because theirfamilies hated one another, so they talkedthrough a crack in the wall between their rooms.They planned to meet in a woods by a mulberrytree. Thisbe was first to arrive wearing a long veilthat covered her face. Suddenly a lionessappeared with fresh blood on her face from herlast meal. She pounced on Thisbe and grabbedher veil, ripped it up and left it on the ground,staining it with blood. Luckily Thisbe managed toescape unhurt and the lioness slunk away to thebushes. When Pyramus finally arrived, Thisbewas not there and her blood-stained veil was lefton the ground. Pyramus saw the veil andassumed she was dead, so out of sadness, hekilled himself. When Thisbe returned, she sawPyramus' dead body and like Juliet, killed herself

with her lover ’s sword. Romeo and Juliet fact file: Written in: circa. 1591-1595Genre: tragic drama

Most famous quote: "O Romeo, Romeo, whereforeart thou Romeo?"- Juliet- Romeo and Juliet- William ShakespearePlay Number : 10Inspired by: 'The Tragical History Of Romeus AndJuliet' by Arthur Brook.Acknowledgements Prezi BBC Bitesize


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By Henry Packham


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Ellie’s 500 Word Story

“Alone”

The sand storm swept up his friends. It engulfed him but he took shelter under his rags. He lay there for a

night in the freezing cold, alone under the dark starry night.

The wind dropped to a breeze in the desert; it was like a treat to feel it in the vast, dry landscape. His mouth

was dry and wrinkly with sand clinging to the roof of it. Saji was so tired, he merely dragged his feet across

the scorching sand, brushing it with his wrecked sandals. He had been walking through the desert for weeks,

well it felt like weeks. He hobbled across the plains (though he bore no injury).

Ahead of him lay many more sand dunes. That meant more climbing and much more tumbling.

He climbed the first of a range of sand dunes and wait… water, he thought he saw water, pure, clean, fresh

water, surrounded by a kaleidoscope of trees. Saji wanted to race for it but his legs were stiff, achy, covered

in sores, blisters and burns. As he moved closer and closer the wonder didn’t, it was almost floating further

away. Saji knew, he knew from experience that it was another mirage, he had seen many before.

It was midday and it was hot, the sun hung like a lamp above him, burning his skin, making him even more ill

from heat stroke. He wretched but with dryness, shivered and pulled his rags closer and tighter.

It was getting dark and cold, making him shiver even more. Saji wasn’t getting any better any time soon. As

the night chased away the sun, glimmers of heat shimmered in the distance, vibrating the sands and luring

out predators.

The desert was terrifying at night. Creatures like snakes and spiders and scorpions come out to hunt. He

stumbled over scorched dead shrubs. Saji struggled on, constantly suffering from coughing fits. After time he

came across a boulder, it was hardly protection but it would do.

Saji collapsed onto the ground. He wanted to keep watch but his eyes said otherwise. They were being

drawn shut. He struggled and tried to restrain them but that did nothing.

He was convulsing and gagging involuntarily. He tumbled under the shelter of the boulder.

His heart beat was slowing ‘bu, bum… bu, bum…’

His breath was disappearing ‘ huuphhhh ’

He didn’t move…

His soul evaporated, becoming one with the sand, becoming a myth. Another life the sand has claimed.

A snake approached a pile of rags, hissing and slithering over them.

edition 95 team b

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