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MILLENNIUM ECOSYSTEM ASSESSMENT ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATER Synthesis

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Page 1: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

MILLENNIUM ECOSYSTEM ASSESSMENT

ECOSYSTEMS ANDHUMAN WELL-BEINGWETLANDS AND WATER

Synthesis

Page 2: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

MA

Harold A. Mooney ( )

Angela Cropper (

)

Doris Capistrano

Stephen R. Carpenter

Kanchan Chopra

Partha Dasgupta

Rashid Hassan Pretoria

Rik Leemans Wageningen

Robert M. May

Prabhu Pingali

Cristián Samper

Robert Scholes

Robert T. Watson ( )

A.H. Zakri ( )

José Sarukhán

Anne Whyte Mestor

Walter V. Reid

Robert Watson

A.H. Zakri

Salvatore Arico

Peter Bridgewater

Hama Arba Diallo

Adel El-Beltagy

Max Finlayson

Colin Galbraith

Erica Harms

Robert Hepworth

Olav Kjørven

Kerstin Leitner

Alfred Oteng-Yeboah

Christian Prip

Mario Ramos

Thomas Rosswall

Achim Steiner

Halldor Thorgeirsson

Klaus Töpfer

Jeff Tschirley

Riccardo Valentini

Hamdallah Zedan

Fernando Almeida

Phoebe Barnard

Gordana Beltram

Delmar Blasco

Antony Burgmans

Esther CamacAsociación Ixä Ca

Vaá de Desarrollo InformaciónIndigena

Angela Cropper

Partha Dasgupta

José María FigueresFoundación Costa

R i c a p a r a e l D e s s a r o l l oSostenible

Fred Fortier

Mohamed H.A. Hassan( )

Jonathan Lash

Wangari Maathai

Paul MaroDar es Salaam

Harold Mooney

Marina Motovilova

M.K. PrasadK e r a l a S a s t r a S a h i t y a

Parishad

Walter V. Reid

Henry Schacht

Peter Johan ScheiFridtjof Nansen

Ismail Serageldin

David Suzuki

M.S. SwaminathanMS Swaminathan

José GalíziaTundisi

Axel WenbladSkanska AB

Muhammad Yunus

Grameen

Page 3: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

1971

C. Max Finlayson, Rebecca D’Cruz Nick Davidson

Jacqueline Alder, Steve Cork, Rudolf de Groot, Christian Lévêque, G. Randy Milton, Garry Peterson,Dave Pritchard, Blake D. Ratner, Walter V. Reid, Carmen Revenga, Mar’a Rivera, Frederik Schutyser, Mark

Siebentritt, Mishka Stuip Rebecca Tharme

Stuart Butchart, Ellen Dieme-Amting, Habiba Gitay, Steve Raaymakers Douglas Taylor

MA

José Sarukhán Anne Whyte ( ) MA

Page 4: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005.ECOSYSTEMS A N D HU M A N WELL-BEING: WETLANDS A N D WATER Synthesis.World Resources Institute, Washington, DC.

© 2005

10 G Street NE, Suite 800, Washington, DC 20002

Ecosystems and human well-being : wetlands and water synthesis : areport of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. p. cm.ISBN 1-56973-597-21. Wetland ecology. 2. Wetlands. 3. Wetland conservation. I.Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (Program)QH541.5.M3E275 2005333.91’816—dc222005030935

Dever Designs

Page 5: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

Millennium Ecosystem Assessment MA

2001 6 5 4

95 1360

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2005

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MA 1.

2 .

21 3.

M A

MA

M A

M A

M A M A

M A

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M A

Page 6: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

2006 9

M A

M A

MA BEC

2006 11

M A

M A

M A

M A

M A

MA Christine Jalleh

Page 7: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

i

1 17

2 21

3 30

4 39

5 47

6 50

7 56

Page 8: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

ii

6m

12.80 hm2 22% 50%

20 50%

Page 9: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

iii

MA

Page 10: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

iv

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MA

MA 1971

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1 360 MA

MA MA

2005 11 9

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MA

MA

Peter Bridgewater Gordana Beltram

Page 11: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

v

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5 MA

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7 19992005 2

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2005 11

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3

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Island Press www.

MAweb.org

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Page 12: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

vivi

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98% 85%

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2 000

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David Lucile Packard

MA

MA www.MAweb.org

Page 13: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

1

30

60% 80%Tonle Sap

340

1 5 3 0

600 700 m3

80%

3 %4% 5 400 t

1.5%25% 30%

Page 14: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

2

3 500 4 500240 370

300

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200

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Page 15: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

3

20

10 20

170 5 400

6m

20 5015 000 20 000km2 400km2

700 hm 2

1960 75%

Page 16: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

4

2035%

54% 20

20% 20%

2 1970 2000 LivingPlanet Index

50%30% 1988

1 1 3 8 4 1 %

9 6 4 2 0 3 2 1 %

1 9 8 8

I U C N 1 / 3 3 7 %

I U C N 1 / 4

1 0 0 0 0 2 0 %

1 / 3 1 8 5 6

4 3 %

1 2 % 2 3 %

2 0 0 5 0 % I U C N 7 5 %

1 8 1 6

I U C N

2 3 4

3 3

Page 17: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

5

5 0 1 0 0 2 0

( )

M A

Page 18: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

6

198556% 65%

27% 6% 2% 1960

3 6

70%

2/3 1/2

50% 50km2 . 6

20%30%

10%

Wadden

2101961 1995 14

Page 19: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

7

1950

80% (C7.2.5, C12.2.3)

1860 1990

80%

2050

2/3 MA 43 2030

10% 20%

50%

0.5 1

Page 20: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

8

MA 4

M A 42 0 5 0

2 0 5 0 4

M A 4

Page 21: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

9

MA S8.7.1.2 S8 8.5 S9

Page 22: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

10

MA 41

2

2050

2050

2050

2050

4

MA 4

M A

Page 23: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

11

C7 C20 R 13 R19

Page 24: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

12

30

3

4

Page 25: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

13

Page 26: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

14

incrementalapproach)

Page 27: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

15

1997

3 2002 2006

20012003

3 240 20001/3

200262 20%

Page 28: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

16

2 10 0.2

subsidiarity )

Page 29: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

17

1971

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Millennium EcosystemAssessment MA 4 20012005

2001 6MA

MAMA

4 MA

MA

MA 4

951 360 MA

1 9 7 1

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Page 30: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

18

2002 11MA

MAMA 1.1

MA

1.2

Page 31: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

19

MA

M A

2003 MA

MA

MA

MA

6m

www.ramsar.org

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(a t t r i bu t e s ) ( f ea tu re s )

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v a l u e s ,

f u n c t i o n s , p r o d u c t s ]

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Page 32: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

20

MA 8

-

- MA

MA

Page 33: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

21

C20.3.1

1999

12.80hm2

6m

2.1

Kasse l

2 .1 1 '

C20.3.1173 4

hm2 37%30%

1950 5 000 45 000

30% 40% 19%1 . 3

hm2 90%

C20.3.1500 km2

422 000 km2

( ) ( )

121 25

204

258

415

242

36

131

286

26

159

287

28

Page 34: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

22

C19.2.1

1 20010m3 5 000

hm2 23~24 2.2

S h a r k B a yCarpentaria

2.1

C20.1

Page 35: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

23

C19.2.1

Page 36: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

24

C19.2.1

Page 37: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

25

20C20.3.1

80 000 268

C7.3.2 20041 500

2 .2

C20.3.1 20 50

C20.4.1

C20.4.2

1 0 4 8

1 9 8 6 1 9 9 7

260 700hm 2 23 700hm 2

1 0 1 0

8 0 % 1 9 9 7

8 9 0 0 h m 2 4 2 7 0

hm 2 1986 1997

9 8 %

2 % 1 0

5 8 5 0 h m 2

1 9 8 6

1 9 9 7

7 2 8 7 0 h m 2

47 000hm 2

La Plata

46

27

26

C19.2,C19.4

54% 20 35%

1918 1988210 500hm2

40% 1993123 000hm2 70

70%

20

Page 38: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

26

20% 20%

C19.2.1

20 50 37%1918 43%

C19.2.1

10%

C19.2.1

C19.2.1

C20.3.2

2 .3

20 00040% 25 000 10 000

200

C20.3.2

78%3 0 0

Odonata111 64%

800

C19.2.1

epicenter

a

a 5 . 3 % 1 0 0 %

0.8

70.8

28.4

2.4

14.7

77.5

3.0

0.2

2.7

Page 39: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

27

C20.3.2

1970

2.2

5 3

C20.3.2IUCN275 420

50% 2/31 /

10

C20.3.222

425 30%

6% 2525

45

The Living Planet Index

1 1 4 53 0 0 0

3 2004269 54

9 3 6 716 136 11

1970 2000

50%30% 30

40%

Page 40: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

28

C20.3.220

17%

123 haplochromine cichlid

67

IUCN645 122

85

C20.3.2 12% 23%43%

1%

2.3 13 98

ParanáKrishna

Usumacinta

C19.2.2,C20.3.2 200 100

1996 20001

75% IUCN18

1 7

IUCN3 3

23 4 33

C19.2.2, C20.3.2

964203

21%

2.4

2.5

1988

C20.3.2

Page 41: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

29

3341%

IUCN

39%

71% 67%6 0 %

59%

50% 48%47%

C20.3.2 -

C19.2, C20.3.2 IUCN1/3 37%

IUCN

C20.3.21/4

IUCN1 0

C19.2.2

// 3

C20.3.2

IUCNC20.3.2

Page 42: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

30

C19, C20 3.1

C7.2.133 500 47 000m3

1 / 32/3 1/

3

11

15 30C7.2 .1

40% 20%

5m 15m 300 m3

45 000

800 000

6 000 7 000km3

C20.2.5

60% 80%Tonle Sap

70% 75%

2 0 0 18 7 0 t

200 t150 t 24 t

1 2

Page 43: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

31

C19 19.2, C20 20.1

Page 44: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

32

C19 19.2, C20 20.1

C11.3

Page 45: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

33

C19 19.2, C20 20.1

Page 46: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

34

C19.3.2[

340 C19.2.1 ]

C15.7.5

80%

C19.2, C19.3.2,C202.6

3 500 ~4 500

240 ~370

300

C20.2.4

CO2

CO2

3%~4% 5 400t 1.5%

25%~30%

C19.3.2,C20.2

3

3

5 8 0 0

2 4 0 0

1 0 0 0

3 6 0 0 0

2 0 0

Page 47: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

35

3.1

15

C7.2, C7.4, C8.3, SG7360 m3

C7.21960 2000 10

20% 201010%

19601

10

C7.2

MA

C7 7.1

Page 48: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

36

3.1

C7.2, C19.2.3, C20.2.1

C7.1.2

C20.2.1

C16.2.1

3 .2

C20.2

C19.2, C20.2 3.2

Page 49: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

37

2

2

C7, C20

65%

25%

10%

20%

C16.2.2

C20.2.1

60%~92%

80%

C7.2.5,

C12.2.3

2 300 L

1t

C20.1.1

CWG

[

Okavango

Barito ]

Page 50: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

38

- C19.2, C20.2

h y p o r h e i c

Page 51: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

39

C7 C19 C20 R9 R134.1

C7.3C20.4.2 C22.5.2 R7.4

1960

3~6

C 1 9 . 4 . 1 C 2 0 . 4

Page 52: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

40

1 / 3

145 251 / 5

C7.2.4

K a r i b a

C20.4.2

C20.4.2

R7.4

C20.4.1 198556%~66%

27% 6% 2%

C19.5.2

C20.4.1

4.1 4.2

5 0

1 / 5

94 24 000 km

80 m3 100m3 40

20 3 Small Sea

3 000 km2 20 km3 18 20 g/L

Large Sea 9 150 km2

29.5 km 3 120 g /L

4950 km2 79.6km3 80 t/L

100 150 km 45 000 km 2

1

3 4

Amu Darya

Syr Darya

4 0 %

30% C5.5

2 0

1 5

1995 160

1 . 2 m 3

Page 53: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

41

35 250 hm2 201/20 C20.4.1

150 200 hm2

20 90C20.4.2

S7.3.2

C19

1/2 50 km2 . 6

20 35%

1957

Nikolai Denisov GRID-Arendal

N A S A

2 0 0 0

Philippe Rekacewicz2005 7

Page 54: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

42

C19.2.1

20% 30%

10% 1860 1990

80%

R9

C19.2.1.5

C19.20.5 ~1

2101961 1995 14

C19.2.1

C19.1

Page 55: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

43

C19

C19.21/2 38% 14%

1/411%

R9.2 186027 10 12 g

1990 48 1012 g 80% R9

Labrador

10 15

1960 31990

20 80

C19.4.1 C20.4.6 R13

IPCC

5050

Page 56: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

44

S.SDM

C6.2 S13.4

S13.4

C20.4.32/3 50%

salvinia

C20.4.2

Kainji Volta[Mormyridae

Osteoglossiformes ]

C20.3.2

3

Page 57: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

45

C19.2.2 C20.4

C19.2.2

20 901 500

fibropapilloma

C19.2.2

2004

C25

Page 58: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

46

C19.2.24.2

9 500

19 500

Page 59: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

47

C19.6 C20.6

5.1

C7.3 C7.4 C19.2 C20.4

C20.6

C7.3

C20.6

C19.2.1

C8.5 C19.2.3

C20.4

C6.5.2 C16.4.2 C20.4.2 C20.660

1280% 1993

C16.1.1

Page 60: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

48

C16.2.2

19982/3 2003 8

150

C20.6

C19.6

300

C19.6

C7 C20.6 R16

170 5 40011 26

C7.ES1 6 0

C19.3.1

C20.6

C7.4.5 C20.6

C14.2.1 C14 Box 14.1

C14.2.1

Page 61: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

49

C20.6

3 500 ~7 700

C19.68 .

25

C14.2 .1

C20.5.6

C14.1.3DDT

Page 62: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

50

MA 2050 4

MA 4

S8

S2MA 4

S8.1 6.1

MA

S14 6.1

4

6 . 1

2050

2050

S9

MA 4

M A 4

2 0 5 0

M A 4

2 0 5 0

4

Page 63: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

51

MA S8.7.1.2 S8 8.5 S9

S99.21

S8 8.103

20

MA

S9.4

S9.4.5

Page 64: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

52

S14.2 .2

110 2050

1% 60% 2100 1% 65%

70%

S10.3.2

S9.3.4 MA 4

20501.5 2.0 2010 2.0 3.5

4

S10

Page 65: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

53

2050 2/3MA 4 3

203010% 20%

S12

S124

2050

S3 S5

S.SDM

Page 66: ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN WELL-BEING WETLANDS AND WATERwater... · millennium ecosystem assessment ecosystems and human well-being wetlands and water synthesis

54

S.SDM

50

M A 4

M A

MA

S14.ES

S14.3.3

6.2

S14.3.3

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55

S14

S14

2050

MA 4 S14.3.3

2004

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56

RWG

C20.5 MA

MA7.1

MA

C20.6 R7.2.3

R7.2

R.7.2.1 Downstream

Response to Imposed Flow Transformation7.2

Instream Flow Incremental Methodology

Catchment Abstration Management Strategies

R7.2

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57

MA C20.6

MA MA

M A

M A

M A

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58

R7

R7.2.3

subsidiarity

C20.6R15.5.3 R15.5.4

R15.5 .47.3

R7.2

R5.2.8

DRIFT R7.2

Downst ream

Response to Imposed Flow Transformation DRIFT

Physical Habitat

Simulation Model

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59

R5.2.8MA

R15.3.3

R5.2.1

R7.2

50

Chesapeake Bay

Laguna

R7.

2.4

R7.2.4

R7.2.4

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60

R5.2.1size-based

R7.4.2

R18.3

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61

10

C2.3.3 CF6

7 .4

C2.3.3

-

7.5

C2.3.3 C20.6

R7.3

4

MA

MA

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62

C2 C7 C20 R7

Bushenyi

Hadejia-

Nguru

Pagbilao

Tana River

Bhopal Bhoj

Nakuru

Chao Phraya River

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63

R7.3.1

7.6

R7.3.2

R7.3

R18 CF.SDM

3

R7.2

1993 6 Ministerial Council

1995

1997 7 1

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64

7 .7

R18

C8.6 7.1

RW G

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65

C7 C20 R 13 R19

2001 20033 240

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66

2000 1/3

2002 6220%

2 10 0.2

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67

CBDCOP DRIFT

G R o W I

ICZMIRBMIUCNM AMDGNGOOECDRBOSTRP

UNCCD

UNEPWWF

M A

H.M. MacKay P.J.Ashton M.Neal A. Weaver

The Water ResearchCommission’s Investment Strat-egy for the Crosscutting Domain:Water in the Environment

[ Pretoria2004 Pretoria South

A f r i c a : W a t e r R e s e a r c hCommission 2004 ]KV148/04

B.D. Ratner DongThanh Ha Mam Kosal AyutN i s s a p a S o m p h a n hChanphengxay

2004

Undervaluedand Overlooked: Sustaining Ru-ral Livelihoods through BetterGovernance of Wetlands Studies

and Rev i ew Ser i e s . Penang Malaysia: World Fish

Centre 2004

MA

N.Meyers J.KentPerverse

Subsidies [2001 Washington DC:

Island Press 2001 ]

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68

CF CWG SWG RWGSGWG ES

CF.1CF.2CF.3CF.4

CF.5CF.6

CF.7CF.8

SDMC.01 MAC.02

C.03

C.04C.05C.06C.07C.08C.09C.10

C.11C.12C.13C.14

C.15C.16

C.17C.18C.19

C.20C.21C.22C.23C.24C.25C.26C.27C.28

SDMS.01 MAS.02S.03S.04

S.05

S.06 MAS.07

S.08 4 S.09 4

S.10 4 S.11 4 S.12S.13S.14

SDM R.01R.02R.03R.04R.05R.06

R.07R.08R.09R.10

R.11R.12R.13R.14R.15R.16R.17

R.18R.19

SDMSG.01 MASG.02 MASG.03

SG.04SG.05

SG.06SG.07SG.08

SG.09

SG.10SG.11SG.12

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CIMMYT 2002

Meridian Institute

RIVM 2004

SCOPE

University of Pretoria

University of Wisconsin aaaaa Madison

WRI

Emmanuelle Bournay and Philippe Rekacewicz

Ha Tuong/UNEP/Still Pictures

UNEP/Still Pictures

49

Julio Montes de Oca

UNEP/Still Pictures

MGMGHLANYINT/UNEP/Still Pictures

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