Ecophysiology of Mediterranean species

1. Dept. Enginyeria Agroalimentària i Biotecnologia. UPC.

2. Dept. Tecnologia Hortícola. IRTA.3. Escola Superior d’Agricultura de Barcelona.4. Àrea Metropolitana de Barcelona.

L. Serrano1, X. Aranda2, X. Fábregas3, F.X. Martínez3, A. Terricabras4

Seasonal variations in the ecophysiology and pheno-

morphology of Mediterranean species: adjustment capacity to increasing drought and CO2.

MCYT REN 2002-00633/GLO.

OBJECTIVES To study the seasonal dynamics in the

physiological and morphological responses of Mediterranean species.

To study the seasonal responses to water availability.

To study the responses to increased CO2 under drought.

Seasonal dynamics in the physiological and morphological responses of Mediterranean species.

Seasonal dynamics in the physiological and morphological responses of Mediterranean species.

Plasticity in functional traits might be linked to species adaptive capacity. ( Norberg et al 2001)

Seasonal dynamics in the physiological and morphological responses of Mediterranean species.

Seasonal dynamics in the physiological and morphological responses of Mediterranean species.

SOLAR TIME

6 8 10 12 14 16 18

A (

mol

m-2

s-1

)

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

E (mm

ol m-2 s -1)

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

2,5

3,0

3,5

4,0

A E

Cistus ladanifer

Seasonal dynamics in the physiological and morphological responses of Mediterranean species.

RWC

0,40,60,81,0

1/

MP

a-1

)

-1,0

-0,8

-0,6

-0,4

-0,2

0,0

Pistacia lentiscus (oct. 2003)

RWC

0,40,60,81,01/

M

P a-1

)

-0,20

-0,15

-0,10

-0,05

0,00

1/100

1/

RWC0

AWF

Seasonal dynamics in the physiological and morphological responses of Mediterranean species.

100 ( MPa)-2,0 -1,8 -1,6 -1,4 -1,2 -1,0

A (

mol

CO

2 ·m

-2 ·

S-1)

0

2

4

6

8

10

r2 = 0,85

Seasonal dynamics in the physiological and morphological responses of Mediterranean species.

Non-intrusive optical techniques.

Chlorophyll fluorescence

Spectral reflectance

Seasonal dynamics in the physiological and morphological responses of Mediterranean species.

Chl*

PHOTOSYNTHESIS PHOTOCHEMICAL QUENCHING

HEAT DISSIPATION NON-PHOTOCHEMICAL QUENCHING

(xantophyll cycle)

CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE

low PAR

Seasonal dynamics in the physiological and morphological responses of Mediterranean species.

Chl*

PHOTOSYNTHESIS PHOTOCHEMICAL QUENCHING

HEAT DISSIPATION NON-PHOTOCHEMICAL QUENCHING

(xantophyll cycle)

CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE

high PAR

Seasonal dynamics in the physiological and morphological responses of Mediterranean species.

qN

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1,0

PRI

-0,08

-0,06

-0,04

-0,02qN PRI

SOLAR TIME

6 8 10 12 14 16 18

ETR

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

F/

Fm'

0,0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1,0ETR F/Fm'

SOLAR TIME

6 8 10 12 14 16 18

A (

mol

m-2

s-1

)

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

E (mm

ol m-2 s -1)

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

2,5

3,0

3,5

4,0

A E

Cistus ladanifer

Seasonal dynamics in the physiological and morphological responses of Mediterranean species.

Seasonal dynamics in the physiological and morphological responses of Mediterranean species.

Wavelength (nm)400 600 800 1000

Ref

lect

ance

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

Laurus nobilis predawnLaurus nobilis midday

Xantophyll

Chlorophyll

Water

Ratio indices = Rabs / Rref

Normalized indices = (Rref – Rabs) / (Rref + Rabs)

Seasonal dynamics in the physiological and morphological responses of Mediterranean species.

Wavelength (nm)400 600 800 1000

Ref

lect

ance

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

Laurus nobilis predawnLaurus nobilis midday

Wavelength450 500 550 600

re

flect

ance

-0.04

-0.02

0.00

0.02

0.04

SOLAR TIME

4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

PRI

-0,10

-0,08

-0,06

-0,04

-0,02

0,00

0,02

0,04

V. tinus (winter)L. nobillis (autumn)A. unedo (summer)

Seasonal dynamics in the physiological and morphological responses of Mediterranean species.

qN

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1,0

PRI

-0,08

-0,06

-0,04

-0,02qN PRI

SOLAR TIME

6 8 10 12 14 16 18

ETR

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

F/F

m'

0,0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1,0ETR F/Fm'

SOLAR TIME

6 8 10 12 14 16 18

A (

mol

m-2

s-1

)

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

E (mm

ol m-2 s -1)

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

2,5

3,0

3,5

4,0

A E

Seasonal dynamics in the physiological and morphological responses of Mediterranean species.

ChlT mmol·m-20,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0 1,2

Chl

_ND

I

0,0

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

0,5

0,6

0,7

AUCSPLSNVTCLNO

r2 = 0,70

ChlT mmol·m-20,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0 1,2

DR

715/

DR

705

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1,0

1,2

1,4

1,6

AUCSPLSNVTCLNO

r2 = 0,78

Seasonal dynamics in the physiological and morphological responses of

Mediterranean species.

Seasonal dynamics in the physiological and morphological responses of Mediterranean species.

Important traits determining ecosystem function may be shared by among multiple species: long history of attempts to classify species into functional groups.

(However, difficult because some traits may be only expressed in one context or at one life stage)

Seasonal dynamics in the physiological and morphological responses of Mediterranean species.

ps

0,04 0,08 0,12 0,16 0,20

F/F

m'

0,00

0,05

0,10

0,15

0,20

0,25

r2 = 0,97

CO 2

0,002 0,004 0,006 0,008 0,010

F/F

m'

0,00

0,05

0,10

0,15

0,20

r2 = 0,83

Seasonal dynamics in the physiological and morphological responses of Mediterranean species.

PRI-0,14 -0,12 -0,10 -0,08 -0,06 -0,04 -0,02 0,00 0,02

A (

mol

CO

2 · m

-2 ·

s-1 )

0

2

4

6

8

10

r2 = 0,58

Up- scaling: spectral reflectance and transmittance

Serrano et al 2000a

Up-scaling: spectral transmittance

Serrano & Peñuelas (unpublished data)

Net CO2 uptake (mol m-2 s-1)

-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4

T PA

R *

TP

RI

-8

-4

0

4

8winterspringautumnsummer

r2=0.70 (p<0.01)

Up-scaling: AVIRIS reflectance

Serrano et al 2000b

Serrano et al 2002

Up-scaling: AVIRIS reflectance

Acknowledgements

MCYT REN 2002-00633/GLO.

MCYT Ramon y Cajal program to L. Serrano.

Àrea Metropolitana de Barcelona to A. Terricabras.