Economy and work

HistoryIndustry and Agriculture

ServicesExport, Import

Work and unemployment

VY_32_INOVACE_14-07

History of British economy

first industrialized world`s country – coal, iron, steel and textile industry – powerful during the 18th - 19th cent., now declining and replaced by oil and gas industry

major world trading nation for hundreds of years – changed after WWII the USA

1960s powerful trade unions changed when Margaret Thatcher was PM, now voluntary and 28% of workforce belong there

1970s 1970s – oil crisis, stock market crash, inflation

1979 – M. Thatcher: modernisation of economy, free market, privatisation

(railways – expensive), unemployment, strikes, recovery in 1997

the UK is a member of: the EU – half trade with EU countries, the Commonwealth

of Nations, the G7, G8, the Internatioanl Monetory Fund …

developed country and the seventh-largest national economy measured by GDP

Industry 18.2 % of the whole labour force

raw materials and deposits: oil and gas – the North and Irish Sea: BP (British Petroleum), Royal

Dutch Shell, BG Group construction mater.: clay, limestone, sandstone, salt, dolomite,

granite… lead, gold, iron ore, coal

leading industries : chemicals, pharmaceuticals, electronics, vehicles, machines and means of transport, paper, textile, food and drink, media

majority run by commercial companies (public limited comp.): British Rail, buses, Br. Airways, gas, oil, water, electricity, British

Telecom… but: The Post Office, The National Health Service – in govern. hands

Rolls-Royce Trent 900 on an Airbus A380

Autor: neznámý, Název: A380-trent900.JPG

Zdroj: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A380-trent900.JPG

Agriculture 1.4 % of the whole labour force

intensive, mechanised Provides 60% of the UK food needs trend to organic farming reduce of artificial fertilisers, pesticides,…

they breed: livestock – cattle, sheep, pigs, horses, poultry 2/3 of production

they grow: wheat, barley, oats, sugar beet, potatoes, flax, hops, vegetables, fruits 1/3 arable crops

fishing cod, haddock, shellfish, salmon, trout

forestry and hunting

Services 80.4 %, earn more than manufacturing and agriculture together

London – the world`s greatest financial centre alongside NY and Tokyo

the most important are financial and business services: City of London, Canary Wharf, London Stock Exchange Bank of England - 1694, HSBC, Lloyds, Barclays Bank, Royal Bank of

Scotland Group

tourism and transport the first steam locomotive (1804), the oldest underground

investment, insurance, catering, computing services (English as IT language)

British brands

BP, BA, BTBritish AerospaceRolls Royce, Land Rover Reuters, Financial TimesShell Johnnie Walker, GuinessTesco, Sainsbury`s, Carrefour…

City of London

Autor: Mewiki, Název: City of London.jpg

Zdroj: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:City_of_London.jpg

Export / Import Import:

manufacturing industry has declined more good imported (Asia): food, spices…Asia, China oil…Middle East machinery

Export:

services, machines, vehicles, chemicals, alcohol, foodstuff

the sixth largest exporter of goods

the second largest exporter of services

Work

‘I like work: it fascinates me. I can sit and look at it for hours.’

Jerome K. Jerome

70% of Br. households buy their own home, longer working hours, work in a city and live in a small cottage in the country main goal

37- 40 hours/week, minimum wage about 5.73£/hour

nowadays more part-time jobs, working from home (broadband computer network), flexible hours

13% self-employed (Chinese, Bangladeshi, Pakistani…corner shops, restaurants, hotels, take aways)

Unemployment low – 8%…state benefits

equal opportunities, job agencies / state and private

immigrants: more than 600,000 from 2004, have to register…not easy

Thank you for your attention.

Autor DUM: Mgr. Darina Sikorová