economic downturn & its impact on women

Julie Graber The Ins0tute on Women ins0tuteonwomen.org

[email protected]

Copyright © 2009, The Institute on Women

In the News… •  In Downturn's Wake, Women Hold Half of U.S. Jobs (Wall

Street Journal)

– Women Now Hold Half of U.S. Jobs -‐ For Less Money Than Men

•  Women gain as men lose jobs (USA Today)

– When Will Women Become the Majority of the Workforce? (New York Times)

•  For the first 0me in our na0on's history, fully half of U.S. workers are female (Shriver Report)


66478

66236 66051

65884 65803 65600 65523

65392 65319

67855

67416

66949

66597 66375

66115 65888 65818

65719

64000

64500

65000

65500

66000

66500

67000

67500

68000

68500

Jan-‐09 Feb-‐09 Mar-‐09 Apr-‐09 May-‐09 Jun-‐09 Jul-‐09 Aug-‐09 Sep-‐09

Number of Men and Women in the Payroll Labor Force -‐ 2009

Women Men


Percentage of Men and Women in the Payroll Labor Force -‐2009

49.49% 49.56%

49.66% 49.73%

49.78% 49.80% 49.86% 49.84% 49.85%

50.51% 50.44%

50.34% 50.27%

50.22% 50.20% 50.14% 50.16% 50.15%

48.80%

49.00%

49.20%

49.40%

49.60%

49.80%

50.00%

50.20%

50.40%

50.60%

Jan-‐09 Feb-‐09 Mar-‐09 Apr-‐09 May-‐09 Jun-‐09 Jul-‐09 Aug-‐09 Sep-‐09

Women

Men


Women Feeling the Impact of the Current Economic Climate

8.8%

11.7%

12.6% 12.2%

11.6%

12.9%

13.6% 13.2%

13.4% 13.6%

13.8% 13.8%

8.9%

11.3% 11.7%

11.9%

12.5%

12.4%

5.4%

7.6% 7.5% 7.6% 7.8%

8.1%

5.0%

6.0%

7.0%

8.0%

9.0%

10.0%

11.0%

12.0%

13.0%

14.0%

15.0%

Oct-‐08 Nov-‐08 Dec-‐08 Jan-‐09 Feb-‐09 Mar-‐09 Apr-‐09 May-‐09 Jun-‐09 Jul-‐09 Aug-‐09 Sep-‐09 Oct-‐09

Unemployment -‐ female headed households

Labor Force Par0cipa0on Rate -‐ Women 65 years and older

Unemployment -‐ African American Women

Unemployment -‐ All women, 20 years or older


Today


Economic Status – Median Earnings •  The gender wage gap in Ohio is $.73 – (state rank: 35th) –

lower than the na<onal average of $.78


Economic Status – Median Earnings


Gender and Wages in Ohio

57%

58%

59%

59%

59%

62%

59%

58%

54%

58%

53%

49%

45%

41%

40%

36%

35%

32%

26%

17%

43%

42%

41%

41%

41%

38%

41%

42%

46%

42%

47%

51%

55%

59%

60%

64%

65%

68%

74%

83%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

$1 to $2,499 or loss

$2,500 to $4,999

$5,000 to $7,499

$7,500 to $9,999

$10,000 to $12,499

$12,500 to $14,999

$15,000 to $17,499

$17,500 to $19,999

$20,000 to $22,499

$22,500 to $24,999

$25,000 to $29,999

$30,000 to $34,999

$35,000 to $39,999

$40,000 to $44,999

$45,000 to $49,999

$50,000 to $54,999

$55,000 to $64,999

$65,000 to $74,999

$75,000 to $99,999

$100,000 or more

Female Male


Economic Status -‐ Six-‐Figure Salaries •  Only 2% of women working on

Ohio earn six figures (vs. 7% for men)

•  Women make up 18% of the six-‐figure earnings in Ohio

98%

2%

Six-Figure Earnings Among Working Women

82%

18%

Gender Distribution of Six-Figure Salaries

Are Men

Are Women


Economic Status – Business Leadership

70.2%

29.8%

Business Ownership – 51% or more

65.5%

34.5%

Women in Managerial Roles

Women are the majority owners of 29.8% of privately held companies in Ohio

Women hold 34.5% of managerial positions in Ohio organizations


EducaPonal AQainment •  Only 23.2% of Ohio’s women

have four or more years of college

23%

Women In Ohio With Four or More Years of College


EducaPonal AQainment –  It takes four or more years of college (or the equivalent) to increase the median earnings of women in Ohio to exceed the median earnings of men with a high school diploma ($36,024 vs. $33,332)

–  Four or more years of college reduces the rate of poverty among women from 12% to 3.9%


Health Issues:


•  Ohio ranks among the worst states for death rates among women from:

– breast cancer – colorectal cancer – coronary heart disease

•  We are also among the worst states for Our own health risk behaviors

– Rate of smoking – Regular exercise – Diet includes fruit and vegetables

economic downturn & its impact on women

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