economic crises and the role of science
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AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th. Economic crises and the role of science. Introduction. Disasters and crises have a familiar answer : more investments in knowledge Flood Disaster 1953 Netherlands Sputnik Shock 1957US Ozone hole1985 Global - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Economic crises and the role of science
AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th
Barend van der Meulen | 1 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake
AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th
Introduction
Disasters and crises have a familiar answer: more investments in knowledge
• Flood Disaster 1953 Netherlands• Sputnik Shock 1957 US• Ozone hole 1985 Global• Global warming 1988-... Global• 9/11 2001 US - Global• Earthquake 2011 Japan• Economic crisis 2008 // Euro crisis 2011
Barend van der Meulen | 2 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake
AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th
Flood disaster 1953 Netherlands
Barend van der Meulen | 3 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake
AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th
Sputnik Shock 1957
Barend van der Meulen | 4 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake
AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th
Global warming 1988-…
Barend van der Meulen | 5 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake
AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th
Economic crisis 2008 // 2011
Two observations1. The crisis comes not
from outside, and science is part of the problem.
2. Calls for investments in basic science come with claims that revenues will take 20-years
Barend van der Meulen | 6 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake
AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th
Science and the crisis I: economics
• Trigger: the destruction of the housing market.• Is there no science involved? There is!
Sociology of knowledge applied to markets and finance show how financial practices are entangled with knowledge, technology and information. (eg MacKenzie, Knorr-Cetina, Callon)
• Theoretical misfits:• Distribution of risks• Possibilities of markets to correct greed• Role of big firms as stabilizing institutions
Barend van der Meulen | 7 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake
AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th
Role of science in crisis II: NBIC
Barend van der Meulen | 8 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake
Kondratieff waves• New science and
technology• New economic sectors
and growth• New international
balances
AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th
International scientific portfolios
Barend van der Meulen | 9 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake
Former soviet: Chemistry, Mechanics New Asian
NBIC
US - EuropePhysics, Health
AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th
The Netherlands, Massachussetts, South-Korea
Barend van der Meulen | 10 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake
Economic crisis is part of a global economic and scientifid shift
AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th
First conclusions / lessons
1. Disasters have usual response: more science2. But science is not only a solution but part of the
problem3. Science and practices entangled in
“scientific-technological-social paradigms”4. Challenge for risk control is to organize diversity
in science and society5. Challenge for STI governance in Europe to reform
STI institutions
Barend van der Meulen | 11 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake
AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th
Effects on science: Europe 2008
Different starting positions- Science intensive
countries UK, GE, FR, CH, NL, SU
- Many small countries catching up: CEEC
Barend van der Meulen | 12 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake
AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th
EU response: New Horizon 2020
Excellent Science
• European Research Council
• Future & Emergent Technology
• Training and career• Infrastructures
€ 24 598 million
Industrial Leadership
• leadership in Key Enabling Technologies
• access to risk finance
• innovation in SMEs
€ 17 938 million
Barend van der Meulen | 13 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake
Societal Challenges
• Health and demographic change
• Food security• Secure and clean energy• Smart transport• Climate and resource
efficiency• Inclusive societies
€ 31 748 million
AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th
National responses: mix
• Investments in science, policies to restructure the science system and breed European Top Universities within global competition
(eg Denmark, Germany, France) • No new budgets and policies to link universities
closer to industry (eg UK, Netherlands)
• New budgets cuts especially in countries suffering from the Eurocrisis
(eg Greece, Portugal, etc.)
Barend van der Meulen | 14 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake
AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th
European struggle
Securing the science system
- European identity- strong in scientific
output and impact- weak links with
economy- Institutional inert
Building an innovation system
- European paradox- Emphasising
societal challenges- University industry
collaborations- Institutional reforms
Barend van der Meulen | 15 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake
AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th
Three possible outcomes
Scenario 1: Horizon 2020 results in a European knowledge area with integrated processes of research, innovation and higher education
Scenario 2: Horizon 2020 is obstructed by national ressentiments and results in more complexity and further institutional inertia.
Scenario 3: Horizon 2020 and national policies together create European winners and national losers
Barend van der Meulen | 16 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake
AAAS 2012 Vancouver | February 17th
Final conclusions / lessons
1. But science is not only a solution but part of the problem
2. Challenge for risk control is to organize diversity in science and society
3. Challenge: new governance of science, technology and innovation
4. But science as a solution creates struggles about the role of science and its position
5. Danger: more scientific research but without restructuring may create more lock-ins
Barend van der Meulen | 17 | JST session Redesigning the Governance of STI after the Earthquake