Ecology ReviewEcology Review

Chapter 5, Lessons 1-6Chapter 5, Lessons 1-6

OrganismsOrganisms

An An organismorganism is any living things. is any living things.– This includes plants, animals, bacteria, This includes plants, animals, bacteria,

and even fungi.and even fungi.– All organisms are also biotic.All organisms are also biotic.

Can you list some organisms that Can you list some organisms that you know of?you know of?

PopulationsPopulations

Many Many populationspopulations make up the make up the living parts of an ecosystem. living parts of an ecosystem.

A population is a group of organisms A population is a group of organisms of one species that live in an area at of one species that live in an area at the same time. the same time.

A population may be all the pine A population may be all the pine trees or all the squirrels in an area. trees or all the squirrels in an area.

CommunityCommunity

A A communitycommunity is made up of all the is made up of all the populations in an area.populations in an area.

Members of a community depend on Members of a community depend on each other to fill needs, such as food each other to fill needs, such as food and shelter.and shelter.

In other words, a community is all In other words, a community is all the living things in an area and they the living things in an area and they all depend on each other.all depend on each other.

Organism

Population

Community

BiomesBiomes

A A biomebiome is a large ecosystem with is a large ecosystem with generally the same climate and generally the same climate and organisms. organisms.

All the biomes together create the All the biomes together create the biospherebiosphere. (The part of Earth in . (The part of Earth in which all living things are located.)which all living things are located.)

There several types of biomes.There several types of biomes.

Types of BiomesTypes of Biomes

HabitatsHabitats A A habitathabitat is the place in which an is the place in which an

organism lives. organism lives. – Made up of the soil, air, and water, as Made up of the soil, air, and water, as

well as the plants of the area. well as the plants of the area. – What is your habitat made up of?What is your habitat made up of?

A A nicheniche is the role or job of a specific is the role or job of a specific organism. organism. – Each organism has a specific niche. Each organism has a specific niche. – The niche of a spotted owl in his habitat The niche of a spotted owl in his habitat

is that of a hunter. is that of a hunter. – What is the niche of a mushroom?What is the niche of a mushroom?

Name the NicheName the Niche

Food ChainsFood Chains A food chain is the transfer of A food chain is the transfer of

energy through a series of energy through a series of organisms that use each organisms that use each other as food. other as food. – Producers: organisms that Producers: organisms that

make their own food. make their own food. – Consumers: organisms that get Consumers: organisms that get

their food from eating other their food from eating other organisms.organisms. Herbivores: eat only plants.Herbivores: eat only plants. Omnivores: eat plants and Omnivores: eat plants and

animals.animals. Carnivores: eat only animals.Carnivores: eat only animals.

Food WebsFood Webs A food web is all the food chains in a A food web is all the food chains in a

particular place tied together. particular place tied together.

Energy PyramidsEnergy Pyramids

An An energy pyramidenergy pyramid is a diagram that is a diagram that shows the amounts of energy that flows shows the amounts of energy that flows through each level of a food chain. through each level of a food chain.

Example: Example: – Plants get energy from the sunlight. They store Plants get energy from the sunlight. They store

some of it.some of it.– Hares (herbivores) get energy from the plants. Hares (herbivores) get energy from the plants.

Only a small amount of this energy is stored.Only a small amount of this energy is stored.– Owls get energy from eating animals. Only a Owls get energy from eating animals. Only a

small fraction of this energy is stored. small fraction of this energy is stored.

CyclesCycles

A cycle is a repeating process or flow A cycle is a repeating process or flow of material through a system. of material through a system. – Nitrogen CycleNitrogen Cycle– Carbon/Carbon Dioxide CycleCarbon/Carbon Dioxide Cycle

Nitrogen CycleNitrogen Cycle

Carbon CycleCarbon Cycle

Credit SlideCredit Slide

All information was retrieved from All information was retrieved from Scott Foresman Chapter 5, Lessons Scott Foresman Chapter 5, Lessons 1-61-6

All pictures were retrieved from a All pictures were retrieved from a Yahoo Search.Yahoo Search.