ecology population concept ecosystem concept example of ecosystem cycling and energy flow...
TRANSCRIPT
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ECOLOGYPopulation Concept
Ecosystem Concept
Example of ecosystem
Cycling and Energy flow
Inter-relationship
Succession
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Population Concept
Factor affecting population growth
Growth curve
Survivorshio curves
Age pyramids
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Factors affect population Birth rate (natality) Death rate (mortality) Time to reach sexual maturity Number of individual now Life span Migration Competition Predation Physical factor
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Growth Curve
S-shaped curveJ-shaped curve
Popu
latio
n
Time
Popu
latio
n
Time
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S-shaped CurvePo
pula
tion
Time
Lag
Log
Stationary
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J- shaped Curve (algae)Po
pula
tion
Time
Nutrient added
Nutrient Used up
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Survivorship CurvePo
pula
tion
Life span
Fish, crab
Most animal, plant
Man, large animal
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Age pyramids
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Growth of human population
Medical technologyAgricultural technologyLess natural disasterInsufficient birth control
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Control of population
LegistrationEducationMedical method
Physical Barrier Contraceptive pill operation
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Related Web site Ecology: Populations — Growth, range,
density, hyperlinks http://gened.emc.maricopa.edu/Bio/BIO181/BIOBK/BioBookpopecol.html
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Ecosystem Concept
HabitatPopulationCommunityEcosystemNicheBiomeBiosphere
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Habitat
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Population
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Community
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Ecosystem
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Other
Niche = Role of that organismEach organism has specific niche. No two organisms have same niche.
Biome = abiotic + biotic factors + Climate
Biosphere = all in the earth
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Related Web siteBiomes — Menus http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu
/glossary/gloss5/biome/index.htmlBiomes: World I — 12 biomes outlined http://pc65.frontier.osrhe.edu/hs/science/biome1.htm Biomes: World II — 11 biomes hyperlinked http://www.runet.edu/~swoodwar
/CLASSES/GEOG235/biomes/main.html
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ExampleRocky shore
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Food chain
Producer
1st trophic
Primary consumer
2nd trophic
Secondary consumer 3rd tro
phic
Tertiary consumer 4th trophi
c
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Food
Web
Food
Chain
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Number pyramids
Tree grass
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Death
Death, excrete
Death, excrete
Death, excrete
Respiration
RespirationRespiration
Respiration
Energy flow
Sun
Producer (green plant)
1st consumer (herbivores)
2nd consumer
3rd consumer
Deco
mpo
sers
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Most energy lost
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Water cycle
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Carbon cycle
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Nitrogen cycle
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Nitrogen fixing
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Related Web siteCycles, Chains, Webs Biogeochemical Cycles — Carbon, nitrogen, water http://pc65.frontier.osrhe.edu/hs/science/bcycles.htm Food Chains, Webs, Cycles http://www.marietta.edu/~biol
/102/ecosystem.html#Energyflowthroughtheecosystem3 Food Pyramids
http://www.geog.ouc.bc.ca/physgeog/contents/9o.html
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Interdependence of organisms
PredationCompetitionCommensalismMutualismParasitism
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Predationnu
mbe
r
Time
prey
predator
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Competitionnu
mbe
r
Time
Competitor A
Competitor B
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Commensalism nu
mbe
r
Time
Host
Commensal
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Mutualism nu
mbe
r
Time
symbionts
Symbionts
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Parasitism nu
mbe
r
Time
Host
Parasite
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Related Web siteCompetitive exclusion principle — Competition between species (Gau
ss) http://www.gypsymoth.ento.vt.edu/~sharov/PopEcol/lec11/inter.html
Preditor/Prey: Didinium, Paramecium http://www.hi.is/pub/haxi/ritgerdir/pop-ec.htm
Symbiosis I — types and discussionhttp://www.ms-starship.com/sciencenew/symbiosis.htm
Symbioses II — types and discussion
http://www.baylorhealth.com/proceedings/13_3/13_3_dimijian.htm
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Succession
Ecological succession is process by which communities in the ecosystem change with time.
For forest succession:Lichen communityAlgae and mossesHerbs ShrubsTrees
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Lichen community
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Algae and mosses
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Herb community
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Shrubs community
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Tree (Climax)
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Fire succession
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Related Web siteSuccession: Ecological I — Well done! Info
and illustrationshttp://library.thinkquest.org/17456/successionall.html
Succession: Ecological II — Forest Cycle http://www.connix.com/~harry/forest.htm