ecological sites on rangeland
DESCRIPTION
Ecological Sites on Rangeland. Ecological Sites on Rangeland. http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=76pfB5eA0po&list=PL7CD3CD7A9350A858. Ecological Site definition:. Ecological site = kind of land with: specific physical characteristics (soil, topography, climate) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Ecological Siteson Rangeland
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Ecological Siteson Rangeland
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=76pfB5eA0po&list=PL7CD3CD7A9350A858
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Ecological Site definition: Ecological site = kind of land with:
specific physical characteristics (soil, topography, climate)
which differs from other kinds of land in its ability to produce
distinctive kinds and amounts of vegetation
In other words, a kind of land with similar natural potential.
Other stratification systems can be an have been used to described rangelands.
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Ecological sites vary in kind and amount of vegetation
(Example 1)
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(Example 2)
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(Example 3)
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(Example 4)
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Ecological Sites – Based on Soil Soil affects the type of plants that
grow on the land. Therefore, soil maps usually form
the basis for maps of ecological sites.
Ecological Site Descriptions – can be found by starting with soil maps in the Web Soil Survey
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Ecological Site Descriptions Ecological Site Descriptions (ESD)
are reports that describe the: Biophysical properties of ecological sites
Physical, Climatic, Soil and Vegetation Vegetation and surface soil properties of reference
conditions a) Pre-European vegetation and historical range of variation (in
the United States) b) Proper functioning condition or potential natural vegetation
Ecosystem services provided by the ecological site and other interpretations
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Important ConceptsIn Dividing the Landscape
Spatial scale – what is a site?
Temporal scale- how does change occur?
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Geographic areas with similar soils
Similar landscape patterns
Groups of Ecological Sites that share landscapes
Intermingled ecological sites or single site
Individual representative of the site
An observation of plant-soil relationships
Regions with similar climate, land use
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Loamy soil (active piedmont)Susceptible to water erosion andgrass loss: vulnerable/restorable
Clayey soil (basin floor)Receives water and sediment: low risk
Limestone Grass protected byrocks, higher rainfall,good water capture: low risk
Soil mapping units of the Jornada Basin (15 km)
Gravelly soil (shallow, relict piedmont)Surface soil water limited, high risk for grass loss and erosion: vulnerable/restorable
Sandy soil (relict basin floor)Erodible surface soils once grasses removed: vulnerable/hard to restore
From Bestelmeyer et al 2010
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Within LRUs are clusters of sites with similar parent material,but differing in landscape position
Each site has a typical soil profile
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An ecological site groups severalsimilar soil map unit components
Map unit/components Ecological siteST: Stellar association 40% Stellar clay loam, 0-3% slopes = Clayey40% Stellar clay loam, 0-3% slopes, flooded = Bottomland20% other inclusions
BK: Berino-Dona Ana association50% Berino fine sandy loam, 1-5 % slopes = Sandy30% Dona Ana fine sandy loam, 1-5% slopes = Sandy20% other inclusions
OP: Onite-Pajarito association40% Onite loamy sand, 1-4% slopes = Sandy30% Pajarito fine sandy loam, 0-5% slopes = Sandy15% Pintura fine sand, 0-5% slopes = Deep sandy15% other inclusions
A soil map unit can contain more than one ecological site because map units may contain components
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The utility of Ecological Sites is based on the ability to systematically stratify the landscape according to varying ecological potential
Applications of Ecological Sites and Ecological Site Descriptions
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ECOLOGICAL STATE
ECOLOGICAL SITE
CLIMATE
SOIL PROPERTIES
LANDSCAPE POSITION
GEOMORPHOLOGY
ECOSYSTEM SERVICES
PROVISIONINGfood, fibre
SUPPORTINGwater cycling, nutrient cycling, primary production
CULTURALeducational, recreation, heritage
REGULATINGclimate, waste control, pollinationHI
STO
RICA
L AN
D CU
RREN
T M
ANAG
EMEN
T
PRIO
R EC
OSY
STEM
SER
VICE
S
FUTU
RE E
COSY
STEM
SER
VICE
S
From Brown and MacLeod 2011
Land Use and Land Management Changes Can Alter Ecosystem Services Regardless of Land Use
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Land cover/use classifications are increasingly useless in making policy decisions
• people change land use frequently
• ecological processes are much more complex and variable than a land use category
• resistance and resilience are vital to predicting ecosystem behavior
• landscape scale models require ecological process information to allow sites to interact
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Some terminology: Map Units Lime Alluvium Loess
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Web Soil Survey http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E
h96zARD-Io