ecocat catalysts tests synthesis - presentation contents
DESCRIPTION
Ecocat catalysts tests synthesis - Presentation contents. Catalyst test preparation Test protocols Results of equivalence ratio sensitivity Results of light-off tests Conclusions of the catalyst evaluation phase. Catalyst test preparation. Prototype catalysts to be tested. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
INGAS - Integrated GAS Powertrain24 months Meeting, 27-28 October, 2010
Project number: 218447Project number: 218447 27-28 October 2010 27-28 October 2010
Ecocat catalysts tests synthesis - Presentation contentsEcocat catalysts tests synthesis - Presentation contents
• Catalyst test preparation• Test protocols• Results of equivalence ratio sensitivity• Results of light-off tests• Conclusions of the catalyst evaluation phase
INGAS - Integrated GAS Powertrain24 months Meeting, 27-28 October, 2010
Project number: 218447Project number: 218447 27-28 October 2010 27-28 October 2010
Catalyst test preparationCatalyst test preparation
Prototype catalysts to be tested
Sample Proto n° PGM loading(g/ft3) Pd:Rh Cost
#1 9255 23208 120 g/ft3 11:1 €
#2 9256 23207 120 g/ft3 23:1 €€
#3 9257 23209 200 g/ft3 19:1 €€€€
#4 9258 23210 200 g/ft3 39:1 €€€
#5 9259 23211 250 g/ft3 Pd-only €€€€€
Catalysts were aged with RAH (Rapid Aging Hot) protocol by Ecocat
Volume = 1.47 L
INGAS - Integrated GAS Powertrain24 months Meeting, 27-28 October, 2010
Project number: 218447Project number: 218447 27-28 October 2010 27-28 October 2010
Test protocols
Ecocat Catalysts testsEcocat Catalysts tests
Variations of equivalence ratio
The objective is to determine the best equivalence ratio regarding the conversion trade-off for HC, CO and NOx and the equivalence ratio sensitivitySteady state condition on the 3000 rpm - 7 bar of BMEP with G20 fuel, exhaust flow = 110 kg/h, T inlet catalyst = 500 °C, GHSV = 166 000 h-1
Light-off tests
The catalyst is warmed-up from 100 °C to 500 °C on the same operating point 3000 rpm – 7 bar, with the optimal equivalence ratio determined above.Light-off temperatures at different conversion rates were computed for each species
INGAS - Integrated GAS Powertrain24 months Meeting, 27-28 October, 2010
Project number: 218447Project number: 218447 27-28 October 2010 27-28 October 2010
Catalyst #23207 (120 g/ft3, Pd:Rh = 23:1 )
• Maximum HC conversion = 55% at 1.003
• Max CO conversion = 88%
• Max NOx conversion = 85%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0.95 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.99 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05
Equivalence ratio
Co
nve
rsio
n e
ffic
ien
cy (
%)
400
420
440
460
480
500
520
540
560
580
600
Tem
per
atu
re (
°C)
HC (dry)
CO
NOx (dry)
T°inlet catalyst
T° 60 mm inside catalyst
Equivalence ratio sensitivity Equivalence ratio sensitivity
11
INGAS - Integrated GAS Powertrain24 months Meeting, 27-28 October, 2010
Project number: 218447Project number: 218447 27-28 October 2010 27-28 October 2010
Catalyst Catalyst #23208#23208 120 g/ft3, Pd:Rh = 11:1
55
22 33
44
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0.95 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.99 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05
Equivalence ratio
Co
nve
rsio
n e
ffic
ien
cy (
%)
400
420
440
460
480
500
520
540
560
580
600
Tem
per
atu
re (
°C)
HC (dry)
CO
NOx (dry)
T°inlet catalyst
T° 60 mm insidecatalyst
CatalystCatalyst #2320923209 200 g/ft3, Pd:Rh = 19:1
Catalyst Catalyst #23210#23210 200 g/ft3, Pd:Rh = 39:1
Catalyst Catalyst #23211#23211 250 g/ft3,Pd only
Equivalence ratio sensitivityEquivalence ratio sensitivity
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0.95 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.99 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05
Equivalence ratio
Co
nve
rsio
n e
ffic
ien
cy (
%)
400
420
440
460
480
500
520
540
560
580
600
Tem
per
atu
re (
°C)
HC (dry)
CO
NOx (dry)
T°inlet catalyst
T° 60 mm inside catalyst
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0.95 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.99 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05
Equivalence ratio
Co
nve
rsio
n e
ffic
ien
cy (
%)
400
420
440
460
480
500
520
540
560
580
600
Tem
per
atu
re (
°C)
HC (dry)
CO
NOx (dry)
T°inlet catalyst
T° 60 mm inside catalyst0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0.960 0.970 0.980 0.990 1.000 1.010 1.020 1.030 1.040 1.050
Equivalence ratio
Co
nve
rsio
n e
ffic
ien
cy (
%)
400
420
440
460
480
500
520
540
560
580
600
Tem
per
atu
re (
°C)
HC (dry)
CO
NOx (dry)
T°inlet catalyst
T° 60 mm inside catalyst
INGAS - Integrated GAS Powertrain24 months Meeting, 27-28 October, 2010
Project number: 218447Project number: 218447 27-28 October 2010 27-28 October 2010
CO conversion rate > 80%
0.990 0.995 1.000 1.005 1.010 1.015 1.020
# 23207
# 23208
# 23209
# 23210
# 23211
Equivalence ratio (-)
Equivalence ratio sensitivity summaryEquivalence ratio sensitivity summary
NOx conversion rate > 80%
0.990 0.995 1.000 1.005 1.010 1.015 1.020
# 23207
# 23208
# 23209
# 23210
# 23211
Equivalence ratio (-)
1122
33
44
55
HC conversion rate > 50%
0.990 0.995 1.000 1.005 1.010 1.015 1.020
# 23207
# 23208
# 23209
# 23210
# 23211
Equivalence ratio (-)
1122
33
44
55
44
INGAS - Integrated GAS Powertrain24 months Meeting, 27-28 October, 2010
Project number: 218447Project number: 218447 27-28 October 2010 27-28 October 2010
Conversion efficiency for optimal equivalence ratio
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
# 23207 # 23208 # 23209 # 23210 # 23211
Co
nve
rsio
n e
ffic
ien
cy a
t th
e b
est
equ
ival
ence
ra
tio
(%
)
0.999
1
1.001
1.002
1.003
1.004
1.005
1.006
1.007
1.008
1.009
Bes
t eq
uiva
lenc
e ra
tio
CO NOx HC/CH4 Best equivalence ratio
Equivalence ratio sensitivity summaryEquivalence ratio sensitivity summary
11 22 33 44 55
INGAS - Integrated GAS Powertrain24 months Meeting, 27-28 October, 2010
Project number: 218447Project number: 218447 27-28 October 2010 27-28 October 2010
Catalyst #23207 (120 g/ft3, Pd:Rh = 23:1 )
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500T inlet catalyst (°C)
Co
nve
rsio
n (
%)
0.99
0.995
1
1.005
1.01
Eq
uiv
alen
ce r
atio
(-)
HCCH4NOxO2COEquivalence ratio
Catalyst light-off REF INGAS 23207 (aged) - G20 - 3000 rpm / 7 bar
Light-off tests Light-off tests
INGAS - Integrated GAS Powertrain24 months Meeting, 27-28 October, 2010
Project number: 218447Project number: 218447 27-28 October 2010 27-28 October 2010
Catalyst Catalyst #23208#23208 120 g/ft3, Pd:Rh = 11:1
55
22 33
44
CatalystCatalyst #2320923209 200 g/ft3, Pd:Rh = 19:1
Catalyst Catalyst #23210#23210 200 g/ft3, Pd:Rh = 39:1
Catalyst Catalyst #23211#23211 250 g/ft3,Pd only
Light-off tests Light-off tests
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500Tin catalyst (°C)
Co
nve
rsio
n (
%)
0.95
0.97
0.99
1.01
1.03
1.05
HCCH4NOxO2COEquivalence ratio
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500Tin catalyst (°C)
Co
nve
rsio
n (
%)
0.95
0.97
0.99
1.01
1.03
1.05
HCCH4NOxO2COEquivalence ratio
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500Tin catalyst (°C)
Co
nv
ers
ion
(%
)
0.95
0.97
0.99
1.01
1.03
1.05
HCCH4NOxO2COEquivalence ratio
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500Tin catalyst (°C)
Co
nv
ers
ion
(%
)
0.95
0.97
0.99
1.01
1.03
1.05
HCCH4NOxO2COEquivalence ratio
INGAS - Integrated GAS Powertrain24 months Meeting, 27-28 October, 2010
Project number: 218447Project number: 218447 27-28 October 2010 27-28 October 2010
Light-off tests summaryLight-off tests summary
Light-off temperatures for HC conversion
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
460
480
500
30% 40% 50% 70% 80%
Conversion rate (%)
Tem
per
atu
re (
°C)
# 23207 # 23208 # 23209
# 23210 # 23211
HC conversionHC conversion Light-off temperatures for CO conversion
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
30% 40% 50% 70% 80%
Conversion rate (%)
Tem
pera
ture
(°C
)
# 23207 # 23208 # 23209
# 23210 # 23211
CO conversionCO conversion
Light-off temperatures for NOx conversion
240
280
320
360
400
440
480
30% 40% 50% 70% 80%
Conversion rate (%)
Tem
pera
ture
(°C
)
# 23207 # 23208 # 23209
# 23210 # 23211
NOx conversionNOx conversion
11 22 33 44 55
INGAS - Integrated GAS Powertrain24 months Meeting, 27-28 October, 2010
Project number: 218447Project number: 218447 27-28 October 2010 27-28 October 2010
Maximum efficiency during light-off tests
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
# 23207 # 23208 # 23209 # 23210 # 23211
Catalyst
Eff
icie
ncy
(%
)
HC/CH4 CO NOx
Light-off tests summaryLight-off tests summary
11 22 33 44 55
INGAS - Integrated GAS Powertrain24 months Meeting, 27-28 October, 2010
Project number: 218447Project number: 218447 27-28 October 2010 27-28 October 2010
Conclusions of the catalyst evaluation phaseConclusions of the catalyst evaluation phase
Equivalence ratio sensitivity tests
In steady state conditions (T inlet catalyst = 500 °C, GHSV = 166 000 h-1), the prototype #23210 (200 g/ft3 ; Pd:Rh = 39:1) presents the largest equivalence ratio range. Maximum HC conversion efficiency is 80% at 1.001 (slightly rich mixture), while maximum CO and NOx conversion efficiency are 90%.
Light-off tests
In light-off tests conditions, the prototypes #23210 (200 g/ft3 ; Pd:Rh = 39:1) and #23211 (250 g/ft3 ; Pd only) display the lowest light-off temperatures.Regarding the cost difference, the #23210 reference could be selected for the next phases.