ece 539 191m introduction to antennas and antenna systems

ECE 539 191M Introduction to Antennas and Antenna

Systems

Dr. Sergey N. Makarov

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Worcester Polytechnic Institute

Tel: 508-831-5017/5654, Email: [email protected]

Spring, 2007

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Course Goals and Objectives

Field is driven by• Advances in communication technology• Advances in wireless sensor technology (RFID tags)

This course focuses on understanding basic antenna engineering principles, which encompass the EM frequency spectrum from 10 MHz to Ka-band

Applications• High speed communication• Distributed sensor systems• Navigation/tracking systems

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Focus

• Course concentrates on physical principles, modeling techniques, and practical antenna design

• Course addresses three key areas:1) Basics physical principles

(Fields, excitation, radiation, polarization)2) Tools

(Full-wave simulation/optimization software - ANSOFT HFSS)3) Integrity with RF Circuits

(Feed ports, impedance matching, balun)

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What is not covered

• This course DOES NOT teach you

– Method of Moments and other simulation techniques (we will only briefly review them)

– Asymptotic methods (geometrical optics, UTD, large reflectors)

– Antenna arrays in depth (we will only study linear arrays and basic scanning principles)

– Antenna (radiation patterns) measurements (we might only perform basic S-parameter measurements)

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Prerequisites

Audience: The course is intended for graduate and senior-level undergraduate students interested in antenna modeling and hardware. Enrollment is limited to 25 students.

Prerequisites: Basic knowledge of electromagnetic theory (ECE 2112, ECE 3113), and differential and integral calculus.

Textbook: "Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design", 3rd edition by Constantine A. Balanis, 2005, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 047166782-X

Course Software: ANSOFT HFSS v10.1 and ANSOFT Designer v2.X. No preliminary exposure to ANSOFT is required. ECE Dept. has 25 HFSS floating licenses with multiprocessing option and 25 Designer floating licenses intended for educational classroom instruction or for advanced degree research as well as 10 other individual licenses.

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Course syllabus (subject to change)

Unit 1. Electric and magnetic field, Poynting vector Unit 2. Maxwell’s equations. Continuity equation Unit 3. Radiation integral/wave equationUnit 4. Small dipoleUnit 5. Small loopUnit 6. Understanding of different modeling techniques (FEM, FDTD, MoM)

Unit 14. Dipole-based antennasUnit 15. Loop-based antennasUnit 16. Reflector antennasUnit 17. Horn antennaUnit 18. Linear antenna arrayUnit 19. Basic array design techniques

Part I Part III

Part IIUnit 7. Antenna feed and input impedance Unit 8. Antenna gain, directivity, polarizationUnit 9. Receiving antennaUnit 10. Equivalent antenna circuitsUnit 11. Friis transmission formula Unit 12. Antenna balun and impedance matching Unit 13. Antenna measurements

Unit 20. Transmission line. TE/TM/TEM modesUnit 21. Transmission line resonators/feedsUnit 22. Microstrip half-wave (patch) antenna Unit 23. Microstrip quarter-wave (PIFA) antenna Unit 24. Printed slot antenna Unit 25. Dielectric resonator antenna

Part IV

Part VUnit 26. GPS antennasUnit 27. RFID tag antennas and standardsUnit 28. Active antennaUnit 29. Reserved

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Course outcome

• Understanding basic antenna characteristics

• Ability to select and justify an appropriate antenna candidate for a particular engineering task

• Ability to model/optimize the antenna using ANSOFT HFSS

• Ability to connect the antenna to the rest of the circuit

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Examples of ANSOFT library

Dipole (unbalanced) Dipole (balanced –split coax balun)

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UHF Yagi antenna

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Horn (Ka band) CP patch antenna (2.4 GHz)

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UHF PIFA with the circuit enclosure

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Wideband CP turnstiles

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A Vivaldi Elements with periodic BCs

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Ka band dielectric resonator antenna

ece 539 191m introduction to antennas and antenna systems

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