ece 3561 - lecture 1 1 introduction to microcontrolllers department of electrical and computer...

ECE 3561 - Lecture 1 1

Introduction to Microcontrolllers

Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringThe Ohio State University

ECE 2560


Today

The CourseSyllabusIntro


Course Philosophy and Objective

Familiarize students the architecture, programming and use of a microcontroller.

Learn to use an actual microcontrollerLearn modern design technologies Learn what assembler language is

Embedded Systems

Chapter 1 of textMicrocontrollers are an efficient mean by

which an embedded system can be implemented.

Microcontroller include (on board)ProcessorMemoryClock I/O support and usually A-to-D conversion


An Embedded System?

What is an embedded system? Not a personal computer!!! A cooking timer The burner and oven controller in your stove The ABS controller in you car The landing gear control system on a plane

Features of an embedded system Very focused function Usually part of a larger system

Most systems today rely on digital control


Examples

There are about 100 embedded processors in each PC, not just the main processor.

A car today has about 100 embedded processors. (ABS, sound system, engine control, emissions control, …)

Electric tootbrushWashers and Dryers


Examples

Washer/Dryer

Others???


A system to design

A possible implementation


Salter kitchen scale

An implementation


Tradeoff for systems

Could implement the system with discrete gates, an FPGA, microcontroller


Microcontrollers

History 101 Early device – Intel 4004 – 4 bit microprocessor

– no onboard memory, timers, I/O supportOver time

On board memory, timers, A-to-D, etc microcontroller

Microcontroller has little if any OS support. Many have development systems.

Microcontroller “OS” is typically a RTOS.


Microcontroller

The Core

CPU (ALU, registers)Memory – program and data I/O ports Internal address and data bussesClock


Added to core

Watchdog timerCommunication interfacesNonvolatile memory for dataA-to-D converterD-to-A converterReal-time clockMonitor, background debugger,

embedded emulator


Memory

Contains the binary information and typically addressed as bytes (words)

The information stored there can be data or instructions

In many microcontrollers instruction memory is stored in one-time or flash programmable memory.

Addresses and contents typically expressed in hexadecimal


Volatile and nonvolatile memory

Volatile – content is lost when power is removed – goes to 0’s

Nonvolatile – content is retainedMasked ROM – manufacturedPROM – Programmable Read Only Memory

One time (OTP)Programmable (UV erasable) EPROMFlash – EEPROM – uses a higher voltage to

write contents


von Neumann Architecture

Traditional architecture

Diagram validforHarvard Archtoo


Harvard arch

Note diagrams


The MSP430

Introduced in the late 1990s16-bit von Neumann architecture – both

address and dataLow powerRISC type architectureNo pages or banks in memory making it

simple to use.Can be programmed in CHas 16 registers in CPU



Assignment

Read Chapter 1 and 2Assignments will be due 2 classes after

assigned to the drop box on Carmen. No paper submissions – all are electronic.

Go to ti.com and get code composer for the MSP430 – when downloaded and installed, run the 10 minutes tutorial.

Also, buy the TI launchpad – $9.99

Code composer startup

The startup Screen on Windows


ece 3561 - lecture 1 1 introduction to microcontrolllers department of electrical and computer...

Documents