ebola.ppt - rci rutgers
TRANSCRIPT
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KARAN CHOPRA MOHAN BOLISETTY
Comparative VirologyOctober 2005
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Virus Classification Group: Group V (-)ssRNA.
Order:Mononegavirales Family:Filoviridae Genus:Ebolavirus
• Ebola’s natural reservoir is unknown.• Non human primates have been the source of
human infections but are not thought to be the reservoirs.
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History• Named after the Ebola River in the
Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire), near the first epidemics.
• Two species were identified in 1976: – Zaire ebolavirus (ZEBOV) and – Sudan ebolavirus (SEBOV)
• Case fatality rates of 83% and 54% respectively.• A third species, Reston ebolavirus (REBOV), was
discovered in November 1989 in a group of monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) imported from the Philippines.
• Ivory Coast ebolavirus – Only one case. Unlucky scientist.
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OUTBREAKSEBOLA Saga
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Saga Continues
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/spb/mnpages/dispages/ebotabl.htm
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Most Recent • April 25 – June 16 2005 total of 12
cases including 9 deaths were reported in Etoumbi and Mbomo in the Cuvette Quest Region.
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Modes of Transmission
There are 3 modes of infection:
1. Unsterilized needles2. Suboptimal Hospital
conditions3. Personal contact
http://www.ecplanet.com/pic/2003/12/1071257871/ebola.jpg
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Symptoms• Onset of fever.• Intense weakness.• Muscle Pain.• Headache.• Soar Throat.• Vommitting, Diarrhoea.• Impaired Kidnay and liver function.
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Is There a Cure?• There are no known curative
medications for Ebola.• However, there have been very
recent developments in preventative medications.
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Vaccines• In June, Jones and his colleagues, Dr.
Heinz Feldmann of Winnipeg and Dr. Thomas Geisbert at Fort Detrick, Maryland announced that they had successfully vaccinated monkeys against the deadly Ebola virus
• The Ebola vaccine is based on the 1976 strain of the Zaire species and protects from the 1995, but not the other 2 species that affect humans.
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Bioterrorism
• Airborne transmission of Ebola Zaire has been demonstrated in monkeys in a controlled laboratory experiment
• Plum Island…?
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Conclusion• Even though scientists have recently
made breakthroughs there is still need for extensive research to find vaccines and cures for this deadly virus.
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References• www.wikipidea.com• http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/spb/mnpages/dispages/
ebotabl.htm• http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs103/en/• Hampton, Tracy. Vaccines Against Ebola and Marburg Viruses
Show Promise in Primates Studies. Maedical News and Perspectives. JAMA. Vol. 294 No. 2 July 2005.
• Jones, Steven. Live attenuated recombinant vaccine protects nonhuman primates against Ebola and Marburg viruses. Nature Medicine. Vol. 11 No. 7 July 2005.