east africa a mixed inheritance by: alexandra wiener, sam grosso, ali crofts, annabel burchill
TRANSCRIPT
East Africa A Mixed Inheritance
By: Alexandra Wiener, Sam Grosso, Ali Crofts, Annabel Burchill
Shared Cultural Characteristics:
• The value of cattle– Environment is suitable– Cattle are important to the lifestyle
• Language (Bantu or Nilotic)– All languages belong to one or the other
• Influenced by Arab Islamic culture– Many countries all over East Africa
Unique Cultural Characteristics:
• Religion– Islamic rule along the coast of East Afrca– Many Muslims in North-East Africa – Interior of East Africa is Christian– Native Religions widely practiced as well
• Language– Hundred of languages– Most common is Swahili– Islands of East Africa do not speak Swahili
The Horn (Djibouti, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, Sudan)
• Influenced by outside powers– Britain & France (Red Sea)– Suez Canal (1869)– Italy (Eritrea and southeast Somalia)
• Battle of Adowa– Italy (occupied Ethiopia)
• Politically Alienated – Refugees fleeing armed conflict– Authoritarian Regimes (Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan)– Wars droughts, famines, staration
• Ethiopia– Christian civilization
East African Proper(Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda)
• Rwanda and Burundi– German control then Belgian– Fighting between tribes
• Kenya and Uganda– Taken over by British
• EAC (East African Community)
• Agreements– East African Meditation
Agreement (Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda)
– Preferential Trade Area– Permanent Tripartite
The Indian Ocean Islands(Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles)
• Influences– Asia, mainland Africa and Europe
• All influences by France• Formed Indian Ocean Commission• Link with South Africa
Environmental Characteristics:
• Tropical and temperate savanna
• Tropical rainforest • Great Rift Valley • Very Dry (lower-lying lands
of northern Kenya and Greater Somalia are )
Positive Attributes:
• Good cattle lands• Great lakes (Albert,
Tanganyika, Malawi, Victoria)
• Costal Region (ideal for trade)
Challenging Attributes:
• Unreliable rainfall• Constant fear of
drought• Famine • War and civil unrest • No regional community
(The Horn)
Resources:
• Cattle • Iron• Oil• Copper• Gold• Uranium (Somalia)• Diamonds (Tanzania)• Steel
Ethnic Groups:
• Samburo • Maasai• Kikuyu (Kenya)• Afar
Colonial Influences and Treatment of Indigenous People:
• Four Islands (French and Asia)• Kenya, Uganda, Sudan, part of
Somalia (British)• Somalia and Eritrea (Italy)• Ethiopia (Italy for short
period) – then independent• British control forced to
speak English• Italian cotrol forced to
speak Italian• Forced their own culture on
the natives
Leaders and Their Impact:
• 1977– Nyerere (Tanzania)– Jomo Kenyena (Kenya)– Idi Amin (Uganda)
• 1993– Daniel Mkapa (Tanzania)– Daniel Arap Moi (Kenya)– Museveni (Uganda)
What Does the Title Mean?“A Mixed Inheritance”
• East Africa has a wide range of areas in which its been influenced by.
Two Questions For the Class:
• Name three ways in which Eastern-Africa is similar to either Northern, Central of Western Africa. Explain.
• Do you believe that the colonizers of each of the Eastern-African countries has had a lasting affect on the country? Explain.