MODULE 5 CHAPTER 1 AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTS

5.15 TYPICAL AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENT SYSTEMSwww.part66.blogspot.comTHE EFISThe electronic flight instruments have the following advantage:Versatile pilot can select the information Display as required, less clutterReduce pilots workload.

EADI

THE EADI DISPLAY CAPABILITYPitch and Roll informationSlip/ skid inclinometer.Speed and speed errorFlight Director informationGlide slope and localizerWarning and Status MessageDISPLAYED AS REQUIREDSome of the display are not available all the time. It is displayed when in use. These are:Radio altimeterDecision HeightMarker BeaconRising RunwayGlide slopeVertical NavEHSIOriginate from magnetic compassThe gyro was added to provide stability during turn. The name was changed to HSI with the added function of navigation and flight information. With glass cockpit, the name was changed to EHSI

EHSI DISPLAYED INFORMATIONMagnetic HeadingRadio Steering Command Way Point, Nav Aids Distant to Go ILS steering command

EHSI

Electronic HSI

EICAS - Engine Indication and Crew Alert SystemECAM - Electronic Centralised Aircraft Monitoring

Engine Indication and Crew AlertBoeing EICAS Two Displays Top Engine ParametersBottom BlankFault SituationTop - Fault message Bottom Fault parameters. Airbus ECAMTwo DisplaysTop Engine ParametersPictorial DiagramFault SituationCheck list is providedSystem limitation is givenEICAS

Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitor (ECAM)The upper ECAM screen displays engine, flaps setting, fuel quantity and alert information.The lower ECAM displays the various systems parameters.

3. Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitor (ECAM)ECAM also known as MFD (Multifunction Display)ECAM monitors the overall aircraft systems, including its fuel, electrical and engine systems. Give the pilots warning when there is a malfunction. For example, if an engine begins to lose oil pressure, the ECAM might sound an alert, switch the display to the page with the oil system information and outline the low oil pressure data with a red box.

ECAM A320

ACARS ARINC COMMUNICATION, ADDRESSING & REPORTING SYSTEM

PURPOSEThe ACARS is a digital data link for either ground-air or air-ground connections. The system reduces the flight crews workload because it transmits routine reports automatically and simplifies other reporting

ComponentsManagement Units (MU)Multipurpose Interactive Display Units (MPIDU)Thermal Printer MANAGEMENT UNIT (MU)

Management VHF3 CommunicationRespond to the request from ground and acquire data from FDAU.

ECAMELECTRONIC CENTRALIZED AIRCRAFT MONITORING

Flight Warning Computer (FWC)

2 FWCs acquire all data to generation the alert messages.form the aircraft sensors (mostly Red)Through the SDACs for cautions from the aircraft systems (amber)Generate codes for ECAM display units.Procedures associated to failures.Status functions (aircraft and procedures).Memo function (reminder of functions/systems, which are temporarily used or items of normal checklist).

ECAM COMPONENTSSYSTEM DATA ACQUISITION CONCENTRATORS (SDAC)Acquire cautions inputs and input to FWCs. Alert DMCs for display on ECAMDISPLAY MANAGEMENT COMPUTER (DMC)InputsSDACNav and AFS SensorsFWCsProcess inputs for displayGraphicGenerate codeDISPLAY UNIT

4 MODES OF DISPLAYAutomatic1. Flight Modes2. Advisory3. Failure Mode4. ManualSelection from 12 systemsAUTOMATIC FLIGHT PHASES

The flight phases are:PreflightTake offClimbCruizeDescentApproachPost LandingEXAMPLE OF AUTOMATIC ECAM DISPLAYPre Take OffCruize

ECAM CONTROL PANEL

EFISWith the introduction of fully integrated, computer-based navigation system, most electro/mechanical instrumentation has been replaced with TV type colour displays. The EFIS system provides the crew with two displays:Electronic Attitude Direction Indicator (EADI).Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator (EHSI).The EADI is often referred to as the Primary Flight Display (PFD) and the EHSI as the Navigation Display (ND). The EADI and EHSI are arranged either side by side, with the EADI positioned on the left, or vertically, with the EADI on the top.

System LayoutAs is the case with conventional flight director systems, a complete EFIS installation consists of two systems. The Captains EFIS on the left and the First Officers on the right.The EFIS comprises the following units:Symbol Generator (SG).Display units X 2 (EADI & EHSI).Control Panel.Remote Light SensorEFIS

EFIS DISPLAY UNITSEach display unit consists of the following modules:Cathode Ray Tube.Video Monitor Card. Power Supply Unit.Digital Line Receivers.Analog Line Receivers.Convergence Card.

EADI - Display the traditional ADI Pitch and Roll attitude informationAltitudes and speed information.Early EFIS - (CRT) Later instrument (LCD)

EADIIn normal use, the EADI is coupled directly to theautopilotand the display is used by the pilot to monitor flight progress.Alternatively, steering and attitude (pitch and roll) demand bars help the pilot to fly manually.The EADI provide steering information to follow, for example:a manually input heading;a route input on theFlight Management System(FMS);a navigation beacon (VOR,ADF, etc.);an IRS (Inertial Reference System) track; or,anILSlocaliser.and to:climb or descend to a level and maintain that level on reaching;follow an ILS glidepath; or,follow aGo-aroundprocedure;EHSI (Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator)Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator (EHSI)The Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator (EHSI) replaces a number of different instruments found on a conventional aircraft, and may be used to depict some or all of the following information:heading flown;heading or track selected;bearing to or from a navigation beacon (VOR,DME);lateral deviation from a selected track;ground speed, distance and time to go;aeronautical map;weather information;plus much more information according to design

EHSIDisplay According to the selected mode

EFIS

P183FBW-Fly by Wire

Video to Introduce Fly By Wire.Keep Your Eye For.The Instruments Control StickFlying characteristicsMATA 15-59FBW DefinitionThe command from the pilot to move the control surfaces transmitted by electrical wires.The electrical signals are generated, transmitted through computer to operate a servo.

FBW ExampleFor B767 FBW is used to control spoiler.The lateral signal given by the position transducer is processed by signal control module. Which actuated the solenoid valve, operate the actuator and provide position feedback to the control module.

A320 SIDESTICK CONTROLLERThe sidestick

VHF TRANSMITTER/RECEIVER

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