earth’s spheres ‘the earth as a system or a spaceship’ ***take notes ***
DESCRIPTION
Everything we need to sustain life is enclosed in the system of our planet, just like a spaceship. Earth’s Spheres ‘The Earth as a System or a Spaceship’ ***Take Notes ***. Earth System Science (ESS). The study of the interactions between and among events and Earth’s spheres - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Everything we need to sustain
life is enclosed in the system of our planet, just like a
spaceship.
Everything we need to sustain
life is enclosed in the system of our planet, just like a
spaceship.
Earth’s Spheres‘The Earth as a System or a
Spaceship’***Take Notes***
Earth’s Spheres‘The Earth as a System or a
Spaceship’***Take Notes***
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Earth System Science (ESS)Earth System Science (ESS)
• The study of the interactions between and among events and Earth’s spheres
• A relatively new science (1988)
• The study of the interactions between and among events and Earth’s spheres
• A relatively new science (1988)
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Earth’s SpheresEarth’s Spheres------------------Main 4:1. Atmosphere2. Hydrosphere3. Lithosphere4. Biosphere------------------• Cryosphere• Anthrosphere
------------------Main 4:1. Atmosphere2. Hydrosphere3. Lithosphere4. Biosphere------------------• Cryosphere• Anthrosphere
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AtmosphereAtmosphere
1. The sphere of gas that envelopes Earth
• Consists of a mixture of gases composed primarily of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor.
1. The sphere of gas that envelopes Earth
• Consists of a mixture of gases composed primarily of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor.
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HydrosphereHydrosphere
1. All of the water on Earth
• 71% of the Earth is covered by water and only 29% is terra firma
1. All of the water on Earth
• 71% of the Earth is covered by water and only 29% is terra firma
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LithosphereLithosphere1. The Earth's solid
surface, often called the crust
• It includes continental and oceanic crust as well as the various layers of the Earth's interior.
1. The Earth's solid surface, often called the crust
• It includes continental and oceanic crust as well as the various layers of the Earth's interior.
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BiosphereBiosphere1. All life on earth,
including humans and all organisms.
• The life zone on our planet distinguishes our planet from the others in the solar system.
1. All life on earth, including humans and all organisms.
• The life zone on our planet distinguishes our planet from the others in the solar system.
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CryosphereCryosphere• The portion of the
Earth's surface where water is in a solid form
• Snow or ice: includes glaciers, ice shelves, snow, icebergs, and arctic climatology
• The portion of the Earth's surface where water is in a solid form
• Snow or ice: includes glaciers, ice shelves, snow, icebergs, and arctic climatology
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AnthrosphereAnthrosphere
• Humanity and structures built by humans.
• The human population, it’s buildings, dams, and other constructions.
• Humanity and structures built by humans.
• The human population, it’s buildings, dams, and other constructions.
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Interconnected Spheres1. Spheres are closely connected2. Changes often cause chain reactions
Interconnected Spheres1. Spheres are closely connected2. Changes often cause chain reactions
• A change in one sphere results in changes in others - called an event– Forest fire destroys plants in an area
• Interactions between spheres– No plants => erosion – Soil in water => increased turbidity– Turbidity => impacts water
plants/animals
• A change in one sphere results in changes in others - called an event– Forest fire destroys plants in an area
• Interactions between spheres– No plants => erosion – Soil in water => increased turbidity– Turbidity => impacts water
plants/animals
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Event <=> SphereEvent <=> Sphere
• Causes & Effects• Interactions• Event <=>Sphere• Sphere<=>SphereExamples: 1. Earthquake 2. Auto traffic 3. Plant a tree
• Causes & Effects• Interactions• Event <=>Sphere• Sphere<=>SphereExamples: 1. Earthquake 2. Auto traffic 3. Plant a tree
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ESS AnalysisESS Analysis
• Events– Cause-effect events– Interactions– Natural events
• Earthquake, hurricane, forest fires
– Human caused events• Oil spill, air pollution, construction
• Events– Cause-effect events– Interactions– Natural events
• Earthquake, hurricane, forest fires
– Human caused events• Oil spill, air pollution, construction
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ESS Analysis ESS Analysis
• What spheres caused the event? Sphere Event
• What are effects of the event on the spheres?
Event Spheres
• How do changes in one sphere impact on other spheres?
Sphere Sphere
• What spheres caused the event? Sphere Event
• What are effects of the event on the spheres?
Event Spheres
• How do changes in one sphere impact on other spheres?
Sphere Sphere
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Understanding Interactions
Understanding Interactions
• Global implications• Helps people predict outcomes• Preparation for natural disasters• Environmental impacts of human
activities
• Global implications• Helps people predict outcomes• Preparation for natural disasters• Environmental impacts of human
activities
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ESS AnalysisESS Analysis
• An Example -– Yellowstone Forest Fire
• Group activity1. Each group collects ideas of how
these events affect their ‘sphere’– Mt St Helen’s eruption: 1980– Hurricane Katrina: 2005
• An Example -– Yellowstone Forest Fire
• Group activity1. Each group collects ideas of how
these events affect their ‘sphere’– Mt St Helen’s eruption: 1980– Hurricane Katrina: 2005