earthquakes and earthquake waves
TRANSCRIPT
A. Part of the Earth that consists of several large and several small tectonic plates.
B. Movement of a fluid due to temperature difference.
C. Supports the Theory of Plate Tectonics.
D. Pulling the edge of some plates towards the center of the Earth.
E. A theory that states the Earth’s surface consists of large moving plates.
1. Plate Tectonics
2. Gravity
3. Lithosphere
4. Sea Floor Spreading
5. Convection Current
E
D
A
C
B
ReviewReviewPlate TectonicsDeep sea trenchesMid oceanic ridgesSea floor spreading
EarthquakesEarthquakes
A shaking of the earth’s crust due to a release of energyThere are three major earthquake zones:
1. The Ring of Fire1. The Ring of Fire
2. Mid Ocean Ridges2. Mid Ocean Ridges
3. Eurasian – Melanesian Mountain Belt
BoundariesBoundaries
Divergent: Two plates are moving away from each otherSea floor spreading
BoundariesBoundariesConvergent: Two plates are colliding
BoundariesBoundariesSubducting:On plate is forced under another
This is a type of
convergent boundary!
Subduction
zone
Pacific Plate
South America
Andes Mountains
BoundariesBoundariesTransform boundary:Sliding by one anotherNot creating or destroying land
Earthquake WavesEarthquake Waves
P-WavesPrimary Waves- longitudinal waves
P WavesP Waves
Earthquake WavesEarthquake Waves
Arrive first, travel almost twice as fast as S wavesTravel through solids, liquids, gases
Earthquake WavesEarthquake Waves
S-WavesSecondary Waves- transverse waves
Earthquake WavesEarthquake Waves
• Travel through solids only
Surface WavesSurface WavesSometimes called “L”
wavesTravel through solids onlyResponsible for most
damage due to their intense vibrations
Surface WavesSurface WavesSurface
waves occur when P and S waves reach the surface
Location of EarthquakesLocation of Earthquakes
The Focus- the breaking point (inside the Earth) where the vibrations originate
Focus
Location of EarthquakesLocation of Earthquakes
The Epicenter- the location (on the surface) directly above the Focus
Locating EarthquakesLocating Earthquakes
Seismologists can figure out earthquake locations through trilateration
Fresno, CA
Reno, NV
Tonopah, NV
Epicenter
Richter Scale
Richter Scale
