Earth, Moon & Sun

Seasons & Tides

Essential Standards

• 6.E.1Understand the earth/moon/sun system, and the properties, structures and predictable motions of celestial bodies in the Universe.

Clarifying Objectives

• 6.E.1.1 Explain how the relative motion and relative position of the sun, Earth and moon affect the seasons, tides, phases of the moon, and eclipses.

Essential Questions

• Why do we have seasons?

• How does gravitational pull & location of the sun, moon & Earth affect the ocean tides?

Earth’s Seasons• The Earth has 4 seasons

– Summer– Winter– Autumn– Spring

• THE EARTH HAS SEASONS BECAUSE OF ITS TILT ON ITS AXIS

• The Earth is tilted at 23.5 degrees

Northern Hemisphere vs. Southern Hemisphere

• Northern Hemisphere is the part of the Earth that is above the Equator

• The Southern Hemisphere is the part of the Earth that is below the Equator

Northern Hemisphere vs. Southern Hemisphere

• The closer you are to the Equator the less you will see season changes

• The farther you are (North & South Pole) the more you will notice season changes

Seasons are Opposite

• Seasons are opposites in the Northern & Southern Hemispheres

• The opposite seasons are– Summer/– Spring/Autumn (Fall)

Direct Sunlight vs. Indirect Sunlight• When a place on the Earth

is receiving DIRECT SUNLIGHT it will be warmer meaning it will be SUMMER

• When a place on the Earth is receiving INDIRECT SUNLIGHT it will be colder meaning it will be WINTER

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pgq0LThW7QA

• 3:16-4:50

Seasons are Opposite• For example if it is

summer above the equator (Northern Hemisphere) it will be winter below the equator (Southern Hemisphere)

• Another example Autumn (Fall) above the equator/Spring below the equator

Why Do We Have Seasons• Seasons exist because

EARTH IS TILTED on it’s AXIS

• The TILT on the Earth’s AXIS allows different parts of the Earth to receive more DIRECT sunlight

• This allows the sun to hit at DIFFERENT ANGLES of the WORLD

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3eFqZWX8nTo

• 0:00-2:00

Seasons Model

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=85jkZE2_oNg

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pgq0LThW7QA

• 2:03-

Essential Question??

• Get with a partner or group and answer…

• Why do we have seasons?

Earth’s Tides

• A TIDE is a rising and falling of the sea that happens 2 times per day

• There are 2 types of tides– High Tide– Low Tide

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OP0cpXpw8yk

Location of the Moon & Earth• Tides depend on the location

of the moon & Earth

• When the moon is directly over North America it will have High Tide

• When the moon is directly on the opposite side of North America it will be low tide

High Tide

• High tide happens twice a day

• It happens when the moon is directly above that spot on the earth

• It also happens when the moon is directly below that spot on the earth

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ead8d9wVDTQ

Low Tide

• Low tide happens twice a day

• It happens when the spot being observed is at right angles to the moon

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ead8d9wVDTQ

What Causes Tides?

• Tides are caused by ① Moons Gravitational

Force② Inertial Force

Gravitational Force Pulls

• Gravitational pull from the Moon causes water to rise above the land mass

• This is called an ordinary High Tide

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ojPpxAT7Bh4

• 1:18-1:57

Inertial Force

• Inertial Force causes the second high tide on the back side of the moon

• This is called a Counter High Tide

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ojPpxAT7Bh4

• 1:18-1:57

Essential Question

• Please get with a partner and answer….

• How does gravitational pull & location of the sun, moon & Earth affect the ocean tides?

EOG Questions• Why does Earth have different seasons?

• A) because of the distance between Earth and the sun

• B) because of the speed of Earth as it rotates on its axis

• C) because of the amount of light blocked by the moon on its axis

• D) because of the tilt of Earth on its axis as it moves around the sun

Important Points• Seasons occur because the

Earth is TILTED on it’s AXIS

• Seasons are opposite from North to South of the equator

• Tides are when the ocean rises and falls

• High Tide & Low Tide happens 2 times per day each

• Ordinary Tides happen because of the Gravitational Force of the moon

• Counter High Tides happen because of Inertial Force

• If a tide is not in High tide it is in Low Tide

• Tides depend on the position of the MOON & EARTH