eaeb2 finalpps 11/7/07 10:00 page 12 :j music · gospel music gospel music started in the ......

:: Music SJ

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American music1 T4.21 Ascolta questi diversi generi musicali. Sei capace di dire di

che genere si tratta? Scrivi il numero (1 – 5) di genere musicale che senti.

Folk music ■ Country and western music ■ Rhythm ’n’ blues (‘R&B’) ■Gospel music ■ Marching bands ■ Rock ’n’ roll ■Rap ■ Jazz ■

2 T4.22 Tutti i generi di musica nell’elenco dell’es. 1 hanno avuto origine negli USA. Ascolta e leggi questo testo.

Folk musicEarly American folk music wasfrom English folk music andGerman church music. Thesongs were about work, love or travelling. They were usuallyslow, sad songs. Modern folksongs are often protest songsabout war or ecology.

Gospel musicGospel music started in thechurches in the southern statesof the USA. These churcheswere popular with black people.They enjoyed clapping theirhands, dancing and jumping.The preacher (or priest) shouted a question and the gospel choirshouted an answer. It was like a conversation.

Country & western musicCountry and western music is acombination of cowboy songsand love songs. The best placeto hear country and westernmusic is Nashville, Tennessee.Dolly Parton is a famous countryand western singer. A famouscountry song is Tie a Yellow

Ribbon Round the Old Oak Tree.

MarchingbandsMarching bands are famous allover the USA. They are usuallymilitary or police bands. Thebands wear uniforms and playmusic as they march in paradesand processions, for example,on Independence Day. JohnPhilip Sousa was a famousmusician of the 19th century.People call him ‘The MarchKing’ because he wrote over135 marches for bands includingThe Stars and Stripes Forever.

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3 Rispondi a queste domande.

1 What were folk songs usually about? 2 Where did gospel music start? 3 Who is a famous country and

western singer? 4 Who was ‘The March King’? 5 Who was a famous jazz musician? 6 What is important in R&B? 7 What does ‘rap’ mean?8 Who was a very famous rock ’n’ roll star?

Rispondi a queste domande:• Che genere di musica ti piace?• Preferisci le canzoni e i cantanti

italiani o quelli internazionali?• Chi sono i tuoi cantanti/gruppi

preferiti?

Scrivi un brano (25 – 35 parole) sul tuocantante / gruppo preferito. Di’ che tipo di musica fanno e che tipo di canzonicantano.

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JazzThe city of New Orleans isimportant in the history of jazz.Many African-Americans livedthere. At funerals, they playedslow marching music. Later, thisdeveloped into jazz. It becamepopular in other Americancities, especially Chicago.One of the most famous jazzmusicians was Louis Armstrong.He played the trumpet and hisnickname was Satchmo.

Rhythm ’n’bluesThis grew out of jazz, gospelmusic and negro spirituals.This is the real sound of BlackAmerica. The rhythm and thestory are important in R&Bmusic.

Rap‘Rap’ is short for ‘rhythm andpoetry’. A lot of rap artists areAfrican-Americans, but Eminemis unusual because he is a whiterapper. Rappers speak the wordsrhythmically over the music.

Rock ’n’ ollRock ’n’ roll started in the1950s. It was a mixture of R&Band country and western music.The first rock ’n’ roll singerswere black. Buddy Hollyintroduced rock ’n’ roll to youngwhite people. Elvis Presley(1935–77) was the ‘King ofRock ’n’ roll’. He played theguitar and was one of theworld’s most famous singers.

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�� Science

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Pumpkins1 T4.23 Ascolta e leggi il testo sulle zucche.

Anatomy of a pumpkin

Pumpkin factsPumpkins are from the squash family. Cucumbers belong to this family, too. Pumpkinsare sometimes very big. The winner of thePennsylvania Giant Pumpkin Contest weighedover 667 kg.

Pumpkins are good for you• Pumpkins contain Vitamin A, potassium

and fibre. • Pumpkins contain beta carotene, so they

help to protect your body from cancer.• Pumpkins contain no cholesterol and

almost no salt so they are good for your heart.

• Pumpkins are good for your skin. Many skin creams contain pumpkin.

1 LeavesThey are green andthey absorb energy fromthe sun.

7 SkinThe thin orange outside part of thepumpkin. It’s sometimescalled the ‘rind’.

3 SeedsThere are hundreds ofseeds in a pumpkin.

4 NutThis is inside the seed.When the seed haswater and it’s warm,the nut grows into anew plant.

6 RibsThe big lines on thesides of the pumpkin.

8 TendrilsThe pumpkin holdsonto things with thesecurly little arms. Theyprotect the pumpkinwhen the wind blows.

9 StemThis is brown or greenand you can find it atthe top of the pumpkin.It brings nutrients (orfood) to the pumpkin.

5 FibresThey are in the centreof the pumpkin.

2 PulpThis is sometimescalled ‘the meat’. Youcook the pulp in stewsor pies. You can make ice-cream and beerwith the pulp.


2 Scegli le riposte corrette.

1 Pumpkins belong to the … family. a cucumber b squash

2 Pumpkins are good for your heart because they have no… a sugar. b salt.

3 The pumpkin skin is called the... a peel. b rind.

4 Fibres are on the... a inside b outside

5 You can make ... from the pulp. a pies b wine

3 Leggi la ricetta di biscotti alla zucca e metti le immagini nell’ordine corretto.

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Pensa all’Italia e rispondi a queste domande:• Ci sono concorsi per frutta o verdura giganti? • Quali pietanze italiane fanno bene al corpo? • Quali pietanze italiane fanno male al corpo?

Poi riferisci le tue risposte alla classe.

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B

A

E

D

C

Recipe for pumpkin cookies

You need:

1 cup of margarine 3/4 cup of sugar

1 cup of cooked pumpkin 1/4 teaspoon of salt

1 egg 2 cups of flour

1 cup of raisins 1/2 cup of molasses

1 teaspoon of cinnamon 1/4 teaspoon of nutmeg

1 teaspoon of baking soda

(sodium bicarbonate)

Method:1 Heat the oven to 190°C (375°F). ■

2 Mix the margarine and sugar. ■

3 Add the pumpkin, egg and molasses

and mix it well. ■

4 Add the flour, raisins, cinnamon,

nutmeg and salt. ■

5 Put small amounts of the mixture

on a baking tray. ■

6 Bake the cookies in the oven for

10–12 minutes. ■

c

F


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Ellis Island1 T4.24 Leggi e ascolta questo testo su Ellis Island.

Ellis Island, in New York Harbor*, was a very importantplace in the late 19th century. Immigrants to the USAcame here from Italy, Ireland, Germany and many othercountries and registered to enter the country. They usually waited hours or even days to register. This wasafter a long sea journey to reach the USA. In total,around 12 million immigrants entered the USA throughEllis Island. About 50 percent of Americans can tracetheir family back to an Ellis Island immigrant. Now theold Immigration Station is a museum and tourist attraction.

Here is a time line of Ellis Island.

1670 Dutch settlers gave the island a name–Oyster Island.

1776 Samuel Ellis from New York opened a small bar and hotel on the island.

1808 The Ellis family sold the island to New York State.

1812 New York State kept all its guns and gunpowder on Ellis Island.

1892 The first Ellis Island Immigration Station opened.

1907 On April 17th 11,747 immigrants passed through– the highest number on one day.

1918 Ellis Island became a hospital for soldiers from World War I.

1924 The end of mass immigration.

1954 The Immigration Station closed.

1990 The new Ellis Island Museum opened. Since 1990 over 20 million people have visited

the museum and the Immigrant Wall of Honour (the world’s longest list of names).

2001 The website (www.ellisisland.org) opened with the national records of 25 million

immigrants to the USA from the years 1892– 1924.

Factfile of immigrants to the USA:Numbers and country of origin1820– 1880 3 million (Germany)

2.8 million (Ireland)

2 million (Britain)

1880– 1930 4.6 million (Italy)

1930– 1965 940,000 (Germany)

390,000 (Italy)

1965–2000 4.3 million (Mexico)

1.4 million (the Philippines)

Many other immigrants to the USA came from

Vietnam, China, India, Russia, Iran and Jamaica.

Immigrants at Ellis Island

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Ellis Island

*harbor (US)=harbour (UK)


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A 1

B Mario Bonomi.A 2

B Piacenza in Italy.A 3

B She’s at home in Italy. When I find a job I can send her money and she can bring the children.

A 4

B I wanted to come here because America is the ‘land of opportunity’. My children are hungry.

A 5

B I walked off the boat with all the other immigrants and entered the ImmigrationOffice on Ellis Island.

A 6

B About five or six thousand. A 7

B I was happy, nervous and hot. It was August and I was in my heavy winter suit. It was too big for my bag.

A 8

B About five hours. We saw the doctor and the immigration officials.

A 9

B Some were, but there were also Jews from eastern Europe, Irish families and Germans, too.

2 Usa il testo e la scheda dati per rispondere aqueste domande.

1 How many immigrants entered the USA through Ellis Island in total?

2 How did the island get its name? 3 When did Ellis Island first become a post

for immigration? 4 What happened on April 17th, 1907? 5 When did the station close? 6 How many Italian immigrants came

between 1880 and 1930? 7 How many Mexican immigrants came

between 1965 and 2000?

3 T4.25 Immagina che sia il 1898. Leggi la conversazione con un emigrante italiano tipico. Scrivi le domande (a – i) negli spazi corretti. Poi ascolta controlla le tue risposte.

Pensa alla tua famiglia e rispondi a queste domande:• Hai amici o parenti che vivono

all’estero?• Dove si trovano?• Quando hanno lasciato l’Italia?• Sono contenti?

Scrivi degli appunti e riferisci le tuerisposte alla classe. Poi discuti su questadomanda: • Ti piacerebbe lasciare l’Italia?

Perché? / Perché no?

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a What happened when you arrived in New York?

b Where’s your wife?c Were all the other immigrants from Italy?d How did you feel?e What’s your name?f How long were you in the Immigration Office?g Where do you come from?h Why did you leave Italy?i How many immigrants arrived with you?

The Immigration Hall today


�� Science

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3 T4.27 Quale pianeta? Ascolta e leggi il testo. Scriviil nome dei pianeti sotto le immagini corrette.

Mars is a small, dry planet. It has a red, rocky surfaceand, because of this, it is called the Red Planet. Mars is much colder than Earth. It has two small moons,Phobis and Deimos.

Uranus, Jupiter, Saturn and Neptune all have rings. The rings consist of rocks that are floating in space.Scientists don’t know how the rings formed or wherethey came from. Each planet has a different number of rings.

Neptune has four rings. It is very impressive because ithas a blue surface. Neptune is as big as Earth. It alsohas four moons.

Uranus has 11 rings and 15 moons. The atmospherearound Uranus is a greenish colour and it consists ofgases: methane, hydrogen and helium. Uranus is verycold – the average temperature is about -205° C.

Jupiter is the largest planet. It has a rocky centre, but it looks orange from space because it is covered inorange clouds of gases. Very strong winds blow theseclouds and cause gigantic storms.

Saturn is nearly as big as Jupiter. Saturn’s rings are the only ones we can see from Earth. They are themost colourful of all the planets, and because of this,scientists say Saturn is the most beautiful planet.Saturn also has about 18 moons. Some scientistsbelieve that Saturn has more moons than this. Themoons came from a very large moon that broke up.

The solar system

1 Quante cose sai sul nostro sistema solare?Fai questo rapido quiz.

Quiz1 How many planets are there in our

solar system? 2 What are their names? 3 Which is the largest planet? 4 Which is the smallest planet? 5 Which planet is closest to Earth? 6 Which planet is closest to the Sun? 7 Which planet is furthest from the Sun? 8 Which is the hottest planet?

2 T4.26 Ascolta e leggi il testo per controllarese hai ragione.

The solar system consists of the Sun, theplanets, moons, asteroids and comets. Itformed about 4.5 billion years ago. There arenine main planets in the solar system. They areMercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn,Uranus, Neptune and Pluto*. Venus is thehottest planet, but it isn’t the closest to the Sun– that’s Mercury. Pluto is the coldest planetand is the furthest away from the Sun. Pluto is also the smallest planet and Jupiter is thelargest. Mars is the closest planet to Earth.

*Pluto is now thought to be a minor or ‘dwarf’ planet.


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1

2

3

4

5

Jupiter

4 T4.28 Ascolta e leggi il testo sulle sondespaziali e rispondi alle domande.

Space probesWe have amazing pictures of the planetsbecause of space probes. Space probes arespace ships, but there are no astronauts.Scientists in space stations on Earth controltheir movements. Because there are noastronauts, space probes can stay in space fora very long time. The purpose of the probes isto find out about the planets and discover newthings about them. They do this when they takephotos. Voyager 2 is the most successfulspace probe. It travelled for more than tenyears and went to every planet except Pluto.

1 What are space probes? 2 Who controls their movements? 3 Why can they stay in space for a very

long time? 4 What is Voyager 2?5 How long did it travel around space? 6 Which planet didn’t it go to?

Trova informazioni sul pianeta Terra escrivine una descrizione. Parla di:• i gas nell’atmosfera• il numero di lune• le caratteristiche della superficie

(montagne, mari ecc.)

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History 7777777777777777777'''''aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa

Martin Luther King and the Civil Rights Movement1 Quante cose sai sugli schiavi americani? Sei capace di rispondere a queste domande?

• Where did they come from?• Which parts of America did they work / live in?• When was slavery abolished in America?

2 T4.29 Ascolta e leggi il testo per controllare se hai ragione.

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From the 16th century slave

traders took African men,

women and children from their

country to work on the large

plantations of the southern

states of America. The slaves

were very cheap labour for the

plantation owners. The slaves

worked until they died. They

were not free. They belonged to

the plantation owners.

In 1865 slavery was abolished in

all parts of the USA. By the 20th

century, black Americans were

no longer slaves, but they were

not equal to American citizens.

They could not vote; they could

not sit on the same buses or in

the same restaurants as white

Americans or go to the same

schools. They were second-class

citizens.

This changed with Martin Luther

King. King was a Baptist minister

from Alabama and he became

the leader of one of the largest

protest movements of the 20th

century. In 1955 the story of a

black worker called Rosa Parks

caused a massive public protest.

Rosa lived in Alabama and she

worked for a large department

store. The police arrested her

because she refused to give up

her seat on a bus. The seat was

reserved for white people. King

protested against the bus

company and for many weeks

the black workers stopped going

on the buses. This ‘boycott’

lasted until the buses agreed to

end ‘segregation’ (separation

between blacks and whites).

Rosa Parks

✗

An American slave market


3 Decidi se queste affermazioni sono vere (T) o false (F). Correggi quelle false.

1 By the 20th century, black Americans did not work as slaves.

2 Martin Luther King came from Washington DC.

3 Rosa Parks was a black woman. 4 Martin Luther King led 250,000 people

in a march in Alabama. 5 King died before the racial discrimination

laws were abolished. 6 King won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1963.

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Pensa ad alcuni leader famosi della storiaitaliana e rispondi a queste domande:• Perché erano famosi?• Che cosa hanno influenzato?• Perché sono stati importanti per

l’Italia?

Adesso scrivi degli appunti e riferisci letue informazioni alla classe.

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Martin Luther King’s movement

continued and in 1963 he led

250,000 people in a march on

Washington DC. He gave one

of the most famous speeches

of the 20th century. It is called

the ‘I have a dream…’ speech

because he used the words

‘I have a dream’ many times in

the speech. In his speech King

spoke about his dream for

equality between black and

white citizens in America.

King went to jail several times for

his beliefs, but he continued to

work for equality. Some people

hated Martin Luther King for his

work and in 1968 he was

assassinated. But before this

happened, he saw the abolition

of racial discrimination laws in

1964 – 65 and he won the Nobel

Prize for Peace in 1964.

Martin Luther King was one of

the most important people in

American history. In 1986 the

United States began to hold a

public holiday in his name.

Martin Luther King

The Washington March , 1963

‘I have a dream that my four little childrenwill one day live in a nation where they willnot be judged by the colour of their skin, but by the content of their character.’


eaeb2 finalpps 11/7/07 10:00 page 12 :j music · gospel music gospel music started in the ......

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