e-procurement: opportunities & challenges€¦ · e-procurement can provide significant...
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E-Procurement: Opportunities & Challenges
by Robert Hunja, Manager, Open Governance PracticeWorld Bank Institute
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Summary:
E-Procurement can provide significant benefits, but requires important conditions for success
Situate e-procurement reforms within a broader framework of governance: focus on supply and demand for reform
Important to understand and manage political economy of reform
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E-procurement can deliver substantialbenefits but requires important conditions for success
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Increased efficiency due to competition, transparency and lower transaction costs
Reduced opportunity for fraud & corruption due to automated procedures
Public procurement monitoring
Impact of e-Procurement
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Total volume of US$ 44 bn in 2006 with transaction cost savings of US$ 4.5 bn (http://www.pps.go.kr/english/ )
650,000 electronic auctions between 3/2002 and 10/2006 with savings of US$ 178 mn (http://www.mcti.ro/index.php?id=28&L=1&lege=1289)
From 2000 to 2006, 51% savings in transaction costs and 25.5% in price reductions (http://www.relogiodaeconomia.sp.gov.br/br/home_results.asp)
US$ 3.6 bn of transactions in 2005 with savings of US$ 238.2 mn due to tender discounts in the same year(http://ccaharyana.gov.in/e-procurement.htm)
Savings (Examples)
KOREA
www.g2b.go.kr
ROMANIAwww.e‐licitatie.ro
BRAZILwww.bec.sp.gov.br
INDIAeprocurement.gov.in
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Strong government leadership (e.g. Korea, Mexico at presidential level)
Appropriate implementation framework (e.g. procurement policy, legislation, capacity building, standards)
Infrastructure development (connectivity)
Complaints mechanism & resolution
Oversight over collusion & bid rigging
Managing political economy of reform
Conditions for Successful Implementation
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What have countries achieved?
+18%
‐31%
Source: Government of Karnataka Case Study, 2012
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Source:http://www.chilecompra.cl
$8trillion spend, 850 public bodies, 2 million orders, $280m savings, 101k suppliers (90% micro and small enterprises)
What have countries achieved?
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Area of potential savings in e- procurement supply chain
Potential savings 6.0 to 13.5%
Savings from supply duplication; management of demand for supplies; improved stocking 2.0 to 4.0%
Savings from consolidated purchasing, group purchasing, paperless order management 2.5 to 4.0%
Savings from consolidation of supplier base, and improved paperless order with specification 0.5 to 2.0%
Saving from improved use of delivery capacity and other service enhancements 0.5 to 2.0%
Savings from automated point-of-service distribution; just-in-time and continuous
replenishment strategies0.5 to 1.5%
Source: Various case studies, MDB eGP Conference 2009 & 2011
What have countries achieved?
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Source: http://www.relogiodaeconomia.sp.gov.br/http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTEDEVELOPMENT/Resources/Measuring‐Impact.pdf
Source: http://www.relogiodaeconomia.sp.gov.br/http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTEDEVELOPMENT/Resources/Measuring‐Impact.pdf
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Source: Best Practices in E‐Procurement Reducing Costs and Increasing Value through Online Buying (2005)
35%
What have countries achieved?
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Organzof States
StatutoryBoards
Government Procurement
Executives
Ministries
Workplace
Public Sector
IntranetInternet
Users Users
Partner Enterprise
InternetInternet
LocalSuppliers
GlobalSuppliers
OtherMarketPlaces
GeBIZ
Fixed line, Dial - up,Broadband,
Wireless etc.
Connecting the Public and Private Sector GeBiz Singapore
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Situate reforms in a broaderframework of governance andanticorruption: focus on supply anddemand for reform
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It’s variedly understood
It’s more about procurement than technology
It’s not a panacea
It’s a moving train
What makes e-Procurement challenging?
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Singapore, Malaysia,
Korea
Thailand, Vietnam,
Indonesia
European Union
The motivation is varied
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Strengthening Governance Systems: Balancing Supply & Demand
Supply‐sideStrengthen the state’s
bureaucratic capability –leadership, skills, human
resource, financial management,
information systems – to deliver public goods and
services
Demand‐sideStrengthen accountability
arrangements –
elections, political parties, effective parliaments, independent judiciary, free press, vibrant
civil society, accountable local governments – that enable citizens and firms to
hold state institutions to account
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Stakeholder networks