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Understanding Health Improvement e-learning workbook
Level 2 Award in
Royal Society for Public HealthJohn Snow House, 59 Mansell Street, London, E1 8AN
Tel: +44(0)20 7265 7300 • Fax: +44(0)20 765 7301 • www.rsph.org.uk
Welcome
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Thank you for choosing to learn online.
This e-learning workbook has been designed to support you through your learning by helping you to keep a record of your activities in one place.
Please save a copy for working through activities and for future reference
(quiz answers will be revealed in the e-learning programme).
It will assist you in your:
• studies
• note making
• storage of extra information
• reflection on your role
• and continuing professional development
For more information please visit www.rsph.org.uk 2
Qualification AimThe aim of this programme is to equip you with a knowledge and understanding of:
• the principles of promoting health and wellbeing
• how to direct individuals towards further practical support in their efforts to attain a healthier lifestyle
Award OverviewHow individuals can help others improve their health is central to this qualification. The programme will support the role of a health promoter in the community and the workplace. It will equip you with the basic knowledge and understanding of the principles of promoting health and wellbeing and will cover:
• the principles of promoting health and wellbeing
• how to direct individuals towards further practical support in their efforts to attain a healthier lifestyle
Summary of Outcomes:After studying using this e-learning programme, you may wish to take the RSPH examination in this subject. This will demonstrate that you:
1. Know how inequalities in health may develop and what the current policies are for addressing these.
2. Understand how effective communication can support health messages.
3. Know how to promote improvements in health and wellbeing to individuals.
4. Understand the impact of change on improving an individual’s health and wellbeing.
This award is not about:
Assessment of people’s health and fitness using detailed questionnaires or specialist exercise equipment and techniques
This award is about helping people to:
Meet their needs
Make informed choices
Develop and/or improve healthier lifestyles
By listening, providing support, information, signposting and being available.
You may like to use the material in this resource in conjunction with your e-learning.
Royal Society for Public Health Level 2 Award in Understanding Health Improvement
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Criteria • Give an example of health inequality, its effects and possible impact on local communities
• Identify the factors leading to health inequalities
• Outline the policies and methodologies for reducing inequalities in health
Dimensions of Health Individual dimensions of health:
• Physical health – fitness, not being ill
• Mental health – feeling good and able to cope
• Emotional health – ability to express feelings and maintain relationships
• Social health – social support systems, e.g. friends and family
• Spiritual health – moral or religious beliefs and ability to engage with these
• Sexual health – acceptance of an ability to express one’s sexuality
Outcome 1
3
Enviromental
SocietalMentalPhysical
Social
SexualSpirtual
Emotional
For more information please visit www.rsph.org.uk
Layers of Influence on HealthThe Dahlgren and Whitehead model attempts to map the relationship between the individual, their environment and disease. Individuals are at the centre with a set of fixed genes; surrounding them are influences on health that can be modified.
• The first layer is personal behaviour and ways of living that can promote or damage health e.g. choice to smoke or not. Individuals are affected by friendship patterns and the norms of their community.
• The second layer is social and community influences, which provide mutual support for members of the community in unfavourable conditions. They may also provide no support or have a negative effect.
• The third layer includes structural factors: housing, working conditions access to services and provision of essential facilities.
Consider what factors impact on those individuals in the community where you live or work:
• Personal behaviours and lifestyles, e.g.
• Support and influence within communities which can sustain or damage health, e.g.
• Living and working conditions and access to facilities and services, e.g.
• Economic, cultural and environmental conditions such as standards of living and the labour market, e.g.
You may be using Understanding Health Improvement to • Guide choice through incentives – social change
• Guide choice (NUDGE) – Social change & behaviour change
• Enable choice – Behaviour change
• Give information – Educate
Dahlgren & Whitehead (1991)
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A ladder of interventions
Gre
ater
leve
ls o
f int
erve
ntio
n
Eliminate choice: regulate to eliminate choice entirely
Restrict choice: regulate to restrict the options available to people
Guide choice through disincentives: use finanacial or other disincentives to influence people to
not pursue certain activities
Guide choice through incentives: use finanacial and other incentives to guide people to
pursue certain activities
Guide choice through changing the default: made ‘healthier’ choices the default option for people
Enable choice: enable people to change their behaviours.
Provide information: inform and educate people
Do nothing or simply monitor the current situation
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Q.1 Life expectancy for men in Wigan is higher than the average for life expectancy for men in England
True
False
Equal
Q.2 Life expectancy for women in Wigan is higher than the average for life expectancy for men in England
True
False
Equal
Q.3 Hospital stays for alcohol related harm in Wigan are higher than those on average for England as a whole
True
False
Equal
Q.4 Life expectancy for men in Surrey is higher than the average for life expectancy for men in England
True
False
Equal
Q.5 Life expectancy for women in Surrey is higher than the average for life expectancy for men In England
True
False
Equal
Health Inequalities ActivityWithout looking up answers guess the answers to these statements.
They all compare local data averages with the average for that of
England (based on 2011 Health Profile information)
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NorthernIreland
Scotland
Wales
South WestSouth East
Eastern
GreaterLondon
WestMidlands
EastMidlands
Northern& Yorkshire
North West
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The answers to this information comes from the ‘Health Profiles’; the Department of Health’s programme to improve availability and accessibility to heath and health-related information in England. Health Profiles give a snapshot overview of health for each local authority in England. They are produced annually by the Public Health Observatories in England working in partnership and are commissioned by the Department of Health.
They are designed to help local government and health services make decisions and plans to improve local people’s health and reduce health inequalities. The profiles present a set of important health indicators that show how the area compares to the national and regional average.
For more information please visit www.rsph.org.uk
Q.6 The percentage of adults eating healthily in Liverpool (5 a day) is better than the England average
True
False
Equal
Q.7 Early deaths from heart disease, stroke and cancer in Sheffield are higher than the average for England
True
False
Equal
Q.8 The number of physically active adults in Oxford compared with the average for England is higher
True
False
Equal
Q.9 The number of obese adults in Oxford compared with the average for England is higher
True
False
Equal
Q.10 The percentage of people on GP registers diagnosed with diabetes in Oxford compared with the average for England is lower
True
False
Equal
Q.11 The number of new cases of Tuberculosis in Kent is higher than that on average across England
True
False
Equal
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Why not look at the Health profile for your area?Remember that these are averages, reading the ‘….at a glance’ summary may add to your appreciation of the key factors affecting the health of your local population and local health priorities.
Weblink:http://www.apho.org.uk/default.aspx?RID=49802
The Public Health Observatories produce several profiles and mapping tools that give more detail about particular health issues. These do not always present information at local authority level. Some of them focus on Primary Care Trusts, as the profiles are intended to be used by people planning PCT services.
• Local Alcohol Profiles for England • Diabetes Community Health Profiles
• End of Life Care Profiles • National Obesity Observatory Maps
• Sexual Health Balanced Scorecard • Skin Cancer Hub
• Urological Cancer Profiles • Local Tobacco Control Profiles for England
• Slope Index of Inequalities • Practice Profiles
• National Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Profiles • Excess Winter Deaths (EWD) Atlas for England
Profiles for particular groups of people • ChiMat, the Child and Maternal Health Observatory, produce information and profiles on issues that particularly
affect health for children, young people and mothers.
• Older People Profiles show indicators relating to older people’s health for all local authorities in England.
You might like to find your local government data relating to specific areas within your community.
Other factors affecting the health of individuals may be genetic predisposition, culture or age. For example:
In comparison with England and Wales, mortality (death) rates are higher in people from the Indian sub-continent, Africa and the Caribbean from:
• Tuberculosis
• Accidents
• Cancer of the liver
African and South Asian populations have higher mortality (deaths) from:
• Hypertension (high blood pressure)
• Strokes
The nature of the association between age and utilization of treatment services is generally different from that found between age and seeking preventive and detection services, probably reflecting the effect of objective medical and dental need.
With respect to characteristics of those who delay in seeking diagnosis and treatment of cancer, similar patterns emerge. In general, persons who delay are older, of low educational status and, at least in some studies, males.
Blackwell, Barbara, The Literature of Delay in Seeking Medical Care for Chronic Illnesses, Health Education Monographs, 16, 3–31,1963
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http://www.milbank.org/uploads/documents/QuarterlyCentennialEdition/Why%20ppl.%20Use%20Health%20Srvcs.pdf
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List those areas within your local health profile where you may use your influence to improve health and wellbeing
Health profile information Aspects in which I might use my influence
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The National Institute for Health Care Excellence (NICE) provides guidance, sets quality standards and manages a national database to improve people’s health and prevent and treat ill health.
NICE makes recommendations to the NHS, local authorities and other organisations in the public, private, voluntary and community sectors on how to improve people’s health and prevent illness and disease.
What NICE guidance do you know of which makes health recommendations? http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/index.jsp?action=byType&type=2&status=3
Revision Quiz
NICE is the abbreviation for:
A. National Institute for Health Care Excellence
B. National Inventory of Clinical Experience
C. National Index for Care Excellence
D. National Identity of Care Establishments ANSWER ………………
Health inequalities in Britain have been shown:
A. West to East
B. North to South
C. North West to South East
D. South West to North East ANSWER ………………
In the dimensions of health model ‘Environmental Health’ refers to:
A. The conditions in which people live
B. The number of GP surgeries in a locality
C. The number of people living in one dwelling
D. The physical structures within a community ANSWER ………………
Which of the following is not a factor considered to lead to health inequalities?
A. Height
B. Social Class
C. Sex - gender
D. Income ANSWER ………………
In the dimensions of health model which two are the external dimensions affecting the health of an individual?
A. Physical & Mental Health
B. Emotional & Social Health
C. Spiritual & Sexual Health
D. Environmental & Societal ANSWER ………………
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Improving access to facilities and services is a way of:
A. Tackling health inequalities
B. Reducing accidents
C. Increasing resistance to infection
D. Making a profit for Leisure Centres ANSWER ………………
The Government White paper in 2004 introducing NHS Health Trainers was
A. Chasing Health
B. Going for Health
C. Choosing Health
D. Going Healthy ANSWER ………………
One reason why there may be inequalities in the outcome of treatment for cancer is:
A. People don’t think that cancer is important to their health
B. Symptoms are not recognised and acted on quickly
C. Services are not in place for treatment
D. Cancer only affects those living in certain parts of the country ANSWER ………………
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Criteria • Identify the communication skills that are effective in communicating health messages
• Identify barriers to communication that may affect the understanding of health messages and strategies for overcoming these
• State the role of effective communication in the promotion of health messages
Communication - Listening Skills Activity
Outcome 2
Yes/NoSelf Assessment
1. I like to multi-task and think about other things when people are talking
2. If people aren’t going to take my advice, they shouldn’t waste my time telling me their problems
3. I’m usually bored when the conversation doesn’t centre around my interests
4. When someone is slow to get a point across, I interrupt to get things moving
5. When people speak to me, they most often have to compete with a number of distractions
6. I tend to be involved in a lot of misunderstandings
7. A person’s appearance, grammar or style of speaking affect how much attention I give them
8. I have trouble keeping a confidence
9. I usually feel that making my case is more important than someone else’s feelings
10. When I don’t understand something, I will often fake it and smile instead of asking questions
11. I’m good at looking like I’m listening when I’m not. Most people don’t notice
12. I tend to talk when I should be listening
13. I trust my intuition and it serves me well
14. I can usually tell when people aren’t being honest with me
15. I am good at soothing conflict situations and finding win-win solutions
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A perfect score would be No to questions 1-12 and Yes to questions 13-15.
If you answered Yes for any number from 1-12, look at these as areas you might like to strengthen. As you place your attention on those areas and make small shifts, notice any subtle changes in your work or home relationships.
If you answered No to most of them and Yes to questions 13-15, you have some solid listening foundations. If your answers show areas that you wish to improve, not to worry. You have already begun the process by assessing where you are now and will continue to strengthen these skills as you place your attention on listening.
From: RULE#1: STOP TALKING! A guide to listening, Linda Eve Diamond, Listeners Press
Questions of Perception
Yes/NoDoes this ‘listener...’
1. often multi-task or seem distracted when you are talking?
2. become annoyed when you don’t take his/her advice?
3. seem bored when the conversation doesn’t centre around his/her interests
4. frequently interrupt?
5. allow interruptions or distractions (such as taking calls) when you wish he/she wouldn’t?
6. seem to be involved in a lot of misunderstandings (with you and/or others)?
7. seem to allow the speakers appearance, grammar, or style of speaking affect how much attention he/she will give a person?
8. show that he/she can be trusted to keep a confidence
9. bulldoze over other’s feelings to make a point
10. show genuine interest and ask questions when discussing issues that are complex or especially important to you?
11. ever seem to be pretending to listen?
12. seem impatient and quick to draw conclusions?
13. tend to talk when he/she should be listening?
A perfect score would be Yes to questions 8 and 10 and No to all the others.
Review all answers carefully and ask follow up questions. Compare answers with your own self assessment and consider areas that do not match. You might learn things about how others perceive you that are encouraging, and you might learn of areas you need to strengthen, or even that people notice more than you think you do.
Make notes on the feedback you receive and check back with the same people as you progress you listening journey.
From: RULE#1: STOP TALKING!- A guide to listening, Linda Eve Diamond, Listeners Press
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Communication Skills
Open Questions Definition
An open question can be defined as:
one that doesn’t lead the answer and encourages an expanded response. The content is determined by the respondent and may be long.
Open questions have the following characteristics:
• They ask the respondent to think and reflect
• They will give you opinions and feelings
• They hand control of the conversation to the respondent
Open questions usually start with:
• How
• What
• Where
• Why
• When
• Which
• Who
Closed Questions Definition
Two definitions commonly describe closed questions:
• One that can be answered with either a single word or a short phrase.
e.g. ‘How old are you?’ and ‘Where do you live?’ are closed questions.
• One that can limit the answer to either ‘yes’ or ‘no’.
Closed questions have the following characteristics:
• They give you facts
• They are easy to answer
• They are quick to answer
• They keep control of the conversation with the questioner
Closed questions usually start with:
• Is
• Do
• Did
Try changing these closed questions into open questions
Closed questions:
• Did that make you feel bad?
• Do you want to change your eating habits?
• Do you think smoking is good for you?
• Is your diet unhealthy?
Your open questions might be similar to:
• How did that make you feel?
• What would be the benefits of changing your eating habits?
• How does smoking affect your life at the moment?
• What do you think about your diet?
What different responses might you anticipate?
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Revision Quiz
Closed questions are useful because:
A. They give a long and full answer
B. They give control to the client
C. They keep the answer focussed
D. They enable the clients emotions to be understood ANSWER ………………
Open questions allow:
A. The questioner to keep control of the answer
B. The client to keep control of the answer
C. The questioner to only gain factual information
D. The client to only give factual information ANSWER ………………
Active listening involves all except:
A. Giving Attention
B. Encouraging
C. Reflecting feelings
D. Recording ANSWER ………………
Language barriers are not overcome by:
A. Repeating what has been said but louder
B. The use of a translator
C. Speaking clearly, slowly and not raising your voice
D. Repeating what you think may not have been understood ANSWER ………………
The major part of the communication message comes from:
A. What is actually said
B. Non verbal behaviour
C. The tone of what is said
D. The language used ANSWER ………………
When signposting to services it is important to do all except:
A. Give information about how to get there
B. Give information about opening times
C. Give your opinion about their service
D. Give the correct address ANSWER ………………
Brief advice refers to:
A. Taking someone through a Health Behaviour Change
B. Providing quick opportunistic advice regarding lifestyle
C. A scheduled appointment about a specific health change
D. Setting goals with individuals ANSWER ………………
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Outcome 3Criteria • Identify positive and negative influences on health and wellbeing
• Give an example of a strategy for the promotion of health and wellbeing
• Identify resources that can be used for promoting health and wellbeing
• State how individuals can promote health and wellbeing
Definitions of Health“Clarifying what you understand about health and what other people mean when they talk about
health, is an essential first step for the health promoter.” Naidoo J & Wills J 2006
Consider these statements about what health means:
“Health is the extent to which an individual or a group is able to realise aspirations and satisfy needs.’’
“Health is the extent to which an individual or a group is able to change or cope with the environment.”
“Health is a resource for everyday life, not an object of living’’
“Health is a positive concept emphasising social and personal resources as well as capabilities.”
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For me, being healthy involves:
1. Enjoying being with my family and friends
2. Living to a ripe old age
3. Feeling happy most of the time
4. Being able to run when I need to without getting out of breath
5. Having a job
6. Being able to get down to making decisions
7. Hardly ever taking tablets or medicines
8. Being the ideal weight for my height
9. Taking part in lots of sport
10. Feeling at peace with myself
11. Never smoking
12. Having clear skin, bright eyes and shiny hair
13. Never suffering from anything more serious than a mild cold, flu or stomach upset
14. Not getting things confused or out of proportion – assessing situations realistically
15. Being able to adapt easily to changes in my life such as moving house or changing jobs
16. Feeling glad to be alive
17. Drinking only moderate amounts of alcohol or none at all
18. Enjoying my work without much stress or strain
19. Having all the parts of my body in good working condition
20. Getting on well with other people most of the time
21. Eating the ‘right’ foods
22. Enjoying some form of relaxation/recreations
23. Hardly ever going to the doctor
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What does being healthy mean to you?
Complete the following exercise to help you consider which are the most important aspects of your own health.
In column 1 tick any statements that you think are important aspects of your own health.
In column 2 try to tick the SIX statements which are the MOST important aspects of being healthy to you.
In column 3 label your statements with H for holistic and M for medical.
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Resources and ServicesThere will be many resources to enhance your work with individuals.
If you don’t live in the area where you work it would be well worth taking a stroll one lunch time to find what is within walking distance of your workplace. In any case you may not be aware of all the services available locally, their addresses, contact numbers and times of opening.
Treasure hunt
Offline activity: Weight managementYour task is to research what resources are out there, as well as services in your local area and list them in the tables below
The resources I’ve found are:
The services available in my area are:
Leave your ‘castle’ and find out where and what is available locally for:
• Weight management • Smoking cessation • Alcohol management • Substance misuse
How far and how do you get to the local park, leisure centre and library?
What facilities do they offer?
Could you get there on foot, in a wheelchair, with a buggy or by public transport?
Might there be a charge for the services? Do they offer any concessions?
Resource type (article, website etc.) Resource name /URL
Service type Service name/address/phone number
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Offline activity: Smoking cessationYour task is to research what resources are out there, as well as services in your local area and list them in the tables below
The resources I’ve found are:
The services available in my area are:
Resource type (article, website etc.) Resource name /URL
Service type Service name/address/phone number
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Offline activity: Alcohol managementYour task is to research what resources are out there, as well as services in your local area and list them in the tables below
The resources I’ve found are:
The services available in my area are:
Resource type (article, website etc.) Resource name /URL
Service type Service name/address/phone number
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Offline activity: Substance mis-useYour task is to research what resources are out there, as well as services in your local area and list them in the tables below
The resources I’ve found are:
The services available in my area are:
Resource type (article, website etc.) Resource name /URL
Service type Service name/address/phone number
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Sources of Information about HealthFind a health message and critique it using the check list below
There are very many sources for information about health in the public domain, from television, radio, newspaper articles as well as information we get from friends, family and healthcare professionals.
What is often more difficult to discern is whether or not these sources are reliable, and credible.
NHS Health Choices is a single point of reference giving you access to a range of health information. It is the Department of Health’s preferred reference point for health information.
The ‘Behind the Headlines’ section is particularly valuable in providing a review of news articles/health information, including the Department of Health conclusion.
If you are not familiar with it please take a look now.
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How to get there
Who to speak to
Services provided
Referrral process
Correct address
Times of opening
Days of week
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NHS Health Choiceshttp://www.nhs.uk/Pages/HomePage.aspx
These hints may help you judge whether or not you wish to use a piece of health-related information.
✔ Question information and consider where it came from or who published it
✔ Look for information that has come from “official” sources – NHS Choices and NHS websites and leaflets are a good source of accurate information. Look for the NHS lozenge:
✔ Look for a date on the information, ensure that you have the most recent version. The world of health changes quickly so there’s no absolute guide to how long information stays valid, but anything over a year old should be checked to see if it’s still accurate
✔ Use your common sense but remember this is learnt from our family and surrounding community and may not always be right!
✘ Be cautious about activities and leaflets that have been produced or sponsored by a product manufacturer-they may be accurate but may not be impartial or give a balanced view.
✘ Be cautious about articles written by special interest groups or charities-again they may be accurate but may not represent the full picture
✘ Be cautious about newspaper articles and headlines- they may be accurate but their aim is to make news and you may not get the whole story!
- check them out at NHS Choices ‘Behind the headlines- fact or fiction?’
✘ Be cautious about lifestyle programmes on the television or radio- they may well be accurate but remember their aim is to entertain (rather than inform) so that they may not tell the full story.
✘ Be cautious about articles that only represent the experience of a few people- this tends to give ‘anecdotal’ evidence. A proper trial in will involve hundreds (or more) people – this will give the most complete and accurate idea of whether a health initiative is working.
✘ Be cautious about textbooks and self-help books. Again they may well be accurate but you need to have confidence in the author’s qualifications and whether their views follow evidence-based guidance. Always check books are up-to-date
Most importantly – if you are not sure of your information it’s always best to check and get back to your client later when you’ve had a chance to find out or refer to someone qualified in the subject area.
Revision Quiz
Q1. Some Chronic diseases can be reduced by eating:
A. 5 apples a day
B. 5 portions of fruit and vegetables a week
C. 5 varied portions of fruit and vegetables a day
D. 5 different forms of potato a day
ANSWER ………………
Q2. A definition of health stressing the absence of disease or illness is most consistent with:
A. A holistic model of health
B. A patient centred model of health
C. The Western Scientific Medical model of health
D. The positive model of health
ANSWER ………………
Q3. Key Government messages about smoking include all except:
A. Don’t start smoking
B. Give up smoking as soon as you are able
C. Don’t smoke in doors or around others
D. Smoke early in the morning to clear your lungs
ANSWER ………………
Q4. The proportion of people doing physical activity starts to decline after the age of:
A. 15
B. 25
C. 35
D. 45
ANSWER ………………
continued over…
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Q5. Government recommendations for physical activity include:
A. 30 mins moderate activity at least 5 days per week
B. 30 mins high level activity 3 days a week
C. 30 mins light activity 5 times a day
D. 30mins high level activity every day
ANSWER ………………
Q6. Confidential details given to you by a client must:
A. Not be shared with any other person without consent
B. Kept secure and only be accessible by authorised persons
C. Be given only to other people present at an interview
D. Provided to those with an interest in seeing them
ANSWER ………………
Q7. One way to improve our diet is to:
A. Reduce the amount of sugar
B. Stop taking sugar
C. Double the amount of sugar
D. Only use refined sugar
ANSWER ………………
Q8. The Data Protection Act 1998 governs the processing of information that identifies:
A. Deceased individuals
B. Living individuals
C. Shop workers
D. Those registered with GP/Health services
ANSWER ………………
Q9. The Data Protection Act applies to:
A. Paper records only
B Computer records only
C. Personal health records only
D. All forms of media
ANSWER ………………
Q10. An Educational approach to promoting health is concerned with:
A. Helping people make informed choices
B. Indoctrination using selected information
C. Changing habits by force
D. Giving people health plans
ANSWER ………………
Q11. The Behavioural Change approach to health is mainly focussed on:
A. Large scale community change
B. Individual behavioural change
C. Group activity change
D. Child behaviour change
ANSWER ………………
Q12. The process for evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of a programme is called:
A. The audit cycle
B. The mono cycle
C. The audio cycle
D. The power cycle
ANSWER ………………
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Outcome 3Criteria • Give an example of behaviour change that can improve an individual’s health and wellbeing
• Outline how individuals can be encouraged to change their behaviour
• Identify positive and negative influences on behaviour change
Alcohol QuestionsWhat is the consumption of alcohol in Britain like?What do people like about alcohol? Why should we be concerned?What are the associated socio-economic issues?
White wine 750millilitres 11%= 8.25 units
Red wine 750millilitres 14%= 10.5 units
Lager 330millilitres 5%= 1.65 units
Beer 500millilitres 5%= 2.5 units
Common alcohol units
White wine 750millilitres 11%
Red wine 750millilitres 14% Lager 330
millilitres 5%
Beer 500millilitres 5%
Calculate the units for these
568 x 41000
= 2.3 units
http://www.nhs.uk/livewell/alcohol/Pages/Alcoholhome.aspxAre you drinking too much - self assessmenthttp://www.nhs.uk/Tools/Pages/Alcoholcalculator.aspx
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Alcohol – UnitsHow is a unit of alcohol calculated?
The number of units of alcohol in a drink is calculated by multiplying the volume of the drink (in millilitres) by its
percentage Alcohol by Volume (ABV) and dividing by 1000. Thus, one pint (568ml) of beer at 4% ABV contains:
Physical Activity
Adults are recommended to undertake 30mins of physical exercise at least five days a week. How long do you spend each day?
Walking e.g. to work, at work, the dog, for leisure ……………… mins
Housework e.g. ironing, cleaning, vacuuming ……………… mins
Exercising e.g. the gym, dancing, running, jogging, yoga ……………… mins
Total ……………… mins
Does it add up to 30 mins - if so well done, this shows how easy it is to achieve. Tell everyone else to note down what they do, they will be surprised it is not as difficult as they thought.
Nutrition
Write in the text areas what you usually have for dinner
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Fruit & Vegetables Bread, Rice, Potatoes, Pasta
Milk and Dairy FoodsMeat, Fish, Eggs, Beans
Food and Drinks High in Fat or Sugar
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Smoking
Q1. What percentage of adults in the UK are regular smokers?
A. 2%
B. 10% C. 21%
D. 33%
E. 45%
ANSWER ………………
Q2. In which age group are the highest numbers of pregnant female smokers?
A. 16 – 24
B. 25 - 34
C. 35 - 44
ANSWER ………………
Q3. How many chemicals are there in tobacco smoke?
A. 400
B. 40
C. 4,000
ANSWER ………………
Q4. What is the average daily cigarette consumption of a UK male smoker?
A. 15
B. 20
C. 26
ANSWER ………………
Q5. What % of smokers in the UK want to quit?
A. 32%
B 52%
C. 68%
ANSWER ………………
Q6. What % of inhaled tar is retained in the lungs?
A. 20%
B. 50%
C. 70%
ANSWER ………………
Q7. Smoking among the lower socio-economic groups has what in the past 20 years?
A. declined
B. stayed the same
C. increased
ANSWER ………………
Q8. List some of the pharmacological effects that nicotine has on the body:
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
Q9. The risk of lung cancer falls to about half of that found in a smoker within how long?
A. 5 years of quitting
B. 10 years of quitting
C. 20 years of quitting
ANSWER ………………
Q10. Carbon monoxide is eliminated from the body and lungs start to clear out mucous and other debris after how long?
A. 24 hours
B. 1 week
C. 1 month
ANSWER ………………
Barriers to making changeWhich of the following icons represent barriers for people in making changes in their lifestyle in your area?
Think about what you could do to help in overcoming these barriers
Note down your ideas:
ConfidentialityThe Information Commissioner’s Office produces a range of excellent resources including a humorous DVD ‘The Lights are On’.
This training DVD helps answer questions about the Data Protection Act, its impact on the working environment and how to handle and protect people’s information.
These are available free.
Follow the link below to watch the video online (23 minutes).
Pay particular attention to the scene where Mr Hedley Checks in at the Hotel. Can the receptionist ask him his shoe size or sexual orientation? What principle governs the information you ask and collect?
http://www.ico.gov.uk/news/media_centre.aspx
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Smoking
Q11. List 3 diseases caused by smoking
1)_________________________________________
2)_________________________________________
3)_________________________________________
Q12. List 3 risks associated with smoking in pregnancy
1)_________________________________________
2)_________________________________________
3)_________________________________________
Q13. How many people die each year from smoking related diseases in the UK?
A. 850 people
B. 80,000 people
C. 8500 people
ANSWER ………………
Q14. List 3 major problems associated with second-hand smoke.
1)_________________________________________
2)_________________________________________
3)_________________________________________
Data Protection Act After watching try answering the quiz below:
2For more information please visit www.rsph.org.uk
Q.1 Only records held on computer are covered by the Data Protection Act
Q.2 The Data Protection Act only covers really private personal information and not name or address
Q.3 I can disclose personal information to the police without telling the individual concerned, provided I am satisfied that it help with crime prevention and detection
Q.4 You always need consent before doing anything with personal information
Q.5 If I make a request for my personal information it has to be provided within 40 days
Q.6 If asked I must pay a £10 fee to get a copy of my personal information
Q.7 Once someone is your customer you can automatically make follow up marketing calls to them
Q 8. A customer writes for a copy of all the information you hold on him, after checking their identity you supply this
Q.9 A security procedure should be written and implemented detailing what levels of protection needed for different records you hold
Q.10 Waste print out should be disposed of in the paper collection bin
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True False
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Revision Quiz
Q1. According to behaviour change theory, values are acquired through:
A. Physical activity
B. Information
C. Social interaction
D. Education
ANSWER ………………
Q2. People may be more likely engage in a behaviour if:
A. Others take part
B. Others think it’s a waste of time
C. Others do nothing
D. Others laugh at it
ANSWER ………………
Q3. SMART principles are often used when helping people to:
A. Choose what they want to eat for dinner
B. Change their habits and behaviour
C. Develop a course folder
D. Look good
ANSWER ………………
Q4. The role of the someone supporting goal setting is to:
A. Set a goal for the client
B. Tell the client what they shouldn’t do
C. Help the client set a goal
D. Prepare a plan
ANSWER ………………
Q5. If the client has not achieved their goal, you should:
A. Help them set a more difficult goal
B. Wait until they want to try again
C. Encourage them to learn from any problems or set-backs
D. Suggest they give up this time
ANSWER ………………
Q6. Progress towards a behaviour change is usually:
A. Easy
B. Impossible
C. Up and down
D. Effortless
ANSWER ………………