e-asem whitepaper: e-learning for lifelong learning in thailand asst. prof. thapanee thammetar,ph.d...
TRANSCRIPT
e-ASEM Whitepaper:e-Learning for Lifelong learning in Thailand
Asst. Prof. Thapanee Thammetar,Ph.DDirector, Thailand Cyber University ProjectOffice of the Higher Education Commission
Ministry of Education, Thailand
www.thaicyberu.go.th
Contents of Presentation
I. Educational systems
II. Concepts of lifelong learning and e-learning
III. Government policy, finance/funding, regulation of e-learning for lifelong learning
V. Typical e-learning for lifelong learning
VI. Recommendations and Prospects
IV. Status and characteristics of e-learning for lifelong learning
www.thaicyberu.go.th
I. Educational systems
According to Thailand’s National Education Act of B.E.2542 (1999), Chapter 3 “Educational System”, Section 15, there shall be three types of education:
1)Formal education2)Non-formal education
3)Informal education
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II. Concepts of lifelong learning and e-learning
Lifelong Learning
-Lifelong learning is meant to enhance human development and the fulfillment of man (UNESCO 1972).
-Lifelong learning is seen as the means to upgrade individual’s skill to be compatible with technological development and the changing world of work (OECD 1996).
E-Learning
- E-Learning enables anyone to study anywhere and anytime (TCU 2006).
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1997 Thai Constitution
“All citizens have both the right and the duty to receive education and training, guarantees
academic freedom and emphasizes the role of the private sector for the provision of
education at all levels.”
III. Government policy, finance/funding, regulation of e-learning for lifelong learning
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10th National Economic and Social Development Plan (2007-2011)
“Provide all persons with physical and mental development, knowledge, ability, career skills,
and life security, and enable all target groups to develop their own potential and strengthen
family, community, and society.”
III. Government policy, finance/funding, regulation of e-learning for lifelong learning
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National Education Act of 1999
Educational provision shall be based on… (1) lifelong education for all, (2) all segment of society participating in the
provision of education: (3) continuous development of the bodies of
knowledge edge and learning processes…
III. Government policy, finance/funding, regulation of e-learning for lifelong learning
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Framework of the Second 15-Year Long Range Plan for Higher Education of Thailand
“Upgrade Thailand’s Higher Education sector and increase the quality of human resources in order to be
equipped with lifelong job opportunities.”
III. Government policy, finance/funding, regulation of e-learning for lifelong learning
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Encourages individuals to continue to learn after their graduation in order to keep up
with the changing global environment.
Lifelong learning offers a “second chance” to those who “missed out” to return
to formal education.
Lifelong learning is discussed in relation to adult education, especially for the elderly.
3 dimensions to lifelong learning in Thailand’s higher education policy.
III. Government policy, finance/funding, regulation of e-learning for lifelong learning
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e-Learninge-Learning
Expanding educational opportunity for people anywhere
and anytime
Lifelong learning society
IV. Status and characteristics of e-learning for lifelong learning
Copyright 2010 Laohajaratsang, Thanomporn (Chiang Mai University)
A Study was Conducted During 2008-2009 on the readiness of e-Learning in Thai education institutes.Data was collected from 91 institutes of public (72)
and private (19) Universities.
Survey on the readiness of e-Learning
By Assoc. Prof. Dr. Thanomporn LaohajaratsangChiang Mai University
Supported by TCU
IV. Status and characteristics of e-learning for lifelong learning
e-Learning usages in
Thai Higher Education 2010 Detail %
Using e-Learning in institutes
• Yes 94.51
• No 5.49
Period of using e-Learning
• Less than 1 year 11.63
• 1 – 3 year 24.42
• 3 – 5 year 38.37
• More than 5 year 22.09
IV. Status and characteristics of e-learning for lifelong learning
e-Learning usages in Thai Higher Education Institutes
Detail Percentage in 2009
Percentage in 2006
Using e-Learning in institutes • Yes 94.51 92.94• No 5.49 7.06Period of using e-Learning
• Less than 1 year 11.63 22.78
• 1 – 3 year 24.42 45.57
• 3 – 5 year 38.37 22.78
• More than 5 year 22.09 8.87
IV. Status and characteristics of e-learning for lifelong learning
Copyright 2010 Laohajaratsang, Thanomporn (Chiang Mai University)
Detail Percentage in 2009
Text - Based 48.28
Low cost Interactive Online Course 31.9
High Quality Online Course 19.82
Courseware Type
IV. Status and characteristics of e-learning for lifelong learning
Courseware %
Supplementary 52.24
Complementary 39.55
Comprehensive replacement 8.21
e-Learning courseware usage
Copyright 2010 Laohajaratsang, Thanomporn (Chiang Mai University)
IV. Status and characteristics of e-learning for lifelong learning
High (3.51 – 4.00 ) ?รกกสำ�� (2.51 – 3.50)
ศนไ (1.51 – 2.50 ) No (1.00 – 1.50 )
Level of Problems in Developing e-Learning System
Detail Mean Level Year 2006Mean Levle
Software and hardware resources
2.56 Low 2.99 Middle
Human resources 3.42 Middle 3.44 Middle
Instructors 3.25 Middle 3.51 High
Students 2.91 Middle 3.22 Middle
Total 3.04 Middle 3.29 Middle
IV. Status and characteristics of e-learning for lifelong learning
The survey of e-Learning curriculum in Thailand was done by collecting data from e-Learning curriculum administrators from 9 universities: 1. Assumption University 2. Rangsit University 3. University of The Thai Chamber of Commerce 4. Naresuan University 5. Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University 6. Ramkhamhaeng University 7. Thailand Cyber University 8. Chulalongkorn University 9. Rajapark Institute
Situation of e-Learning Curriculum in Graduate Level in Thailand
Level of Problems in e-Learning Curriculum
Details Mean Level
Curriculum management system such as the lateness and low quality of curriculum management.
2.4 Low
Materials for learning and teaching in the curriculum such as computer network service and network equipment for students to access special learning.
1.4
Low
Student support service such as problems of giving support to students in the curriculum.
2 Low
The needs of the labor market and the satisfaction of graduate employers
1 Low
Details Mean Level
Human resources such as the lack of Instructional Designer and/or the readiness of instructors in e-Learning courses.
2.8 Middle
Budget such as the readiness of budget for supporting e-Learning curriculum management.
2 Low
Instructors such as the readiness of instructors in e-Learning courses.
2 Low
Students such as the readiness and attitudes of student in e-Learning courses.
1.75 Low
Total 1.91 Low
Level of Problems in e-Learning Curriculum
85% e-Learning is not a new thing (anymore) for higher education institutes (more than 3 years)
Period of accepting innovations does not depend on time.
Increasingly supported by government organization about 15%
Research Conclusion
IV. Status and characteristics of e-learning for lifelong learning
Copyright 2010 Laohajaratsang, Thanomporn (Chiang Mai University)
Research Conclusion Higher Education is the main sector that develop e-Learning in
Thailand (compared to private sector and basic education). Readiness factors include
- The support from government organizations such as TCU in know-how knowledge and budget.
- Government organization mechanic such as OHEC’s KPI for quality assurance (60%)
- 60% of institutes set as a mission and 80% has a budget or development plan.
- Innovations can be sold.
IV. Status and characteristics of e-learning for lifelong learning
www.thaicyberu.go.th
Open for all, both high
school graduates and
people in labour market
Open Universities
Enable workers who did not
have a formal education
degree to take an equivalent educational
route
IV. Status and characteristics of e-learning for lifelong learning
www.thaicyberu.go.th
Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University
• The first distance education university in Thailand.• Use several media for providing distance education. • Develop e-Learning courses and provides them online (http://www.stou.ac.th/eLearning).
• Provide online certificate degree program or e-Training (http://www.stou.ac.th/study/projects/training/doc/index.htm).
IV. Status and characteristics of e-learning for lifelong learning
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Sukhothai Thammathirat University’s e-Learning System
IV. Status and characteristics of e-learning for lifelong learning
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Ramkhamhaeng University
• The first knowledge supermarket for the high school graduates who need the first or second degree. • Developed e-Learning courses and provided them online. (http://www.ram.edu/elearning/index.php).
IV. Status and characteristics of e-learning for lifelong learning
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Ramkhamhaeng University’s e-Learning System
IV. Status and characteristics of e-learning for lifelong learning
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The Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education (ONIE)
• The main organization responsible for non-formal and informal education.
IV. Status and characteristics of e-learning for lifelong learning
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ONIE e-Learning Regional Offices
IV. Status and characteristics of e-learning for lifelong learning
Using ICT in EducationThe establishment of the Act of Parliament on
Education 1999 (revised 2002). The first educational law that emphasized the importance and support of ICT for education.
IV. Status and characteristics of e-learning for lifelong learning
National Educational TechnologyOrganization
ICT Infrastructure
Software + Courseware
Human Resource
Thailand Educational Act 1999: Section 9 Educational Technology
Increase Access Improve qualityElements for the development of technology for education
Important Essence…Promoting to use ICT for education in the Act of
Parliament on Education
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- IT InfrastructureIT Infrastructure - Tele-Education- Tele-Education- R&D on IT Network- R&D on IT Network
- Utilize IT Infrastructure to promote Utilize IT Infrastructure to promote effectiveness education via online effectiveness education via online distance education distance education - - Create cooperative network among Create cooperative network among local local
universities to minimize investmentuniversities to minimize investment- R&D in online distance education- R&D in online distance education
Office of the Higher
Education Commission
Office of BASIC Office of BASIC Education commissionEducation commission
VOCATIONAL EducationVOCATIONAL Educationcommissioncommission
Inter-University Inter-University NetworkNetwork
Thailand Cyber Thailand Cyber University ProjectUniversity Project
Office of PermanentOffice of PermanentSecretarySecretary
Office of EducationalOffice of EducationalCouncil Council
MOEMOE
(founded 1996)
(founded 2005)
Scope in 2009-2011
Fiber Optic to accommodate the core network (Backbone) that can support bandwidth 20 - 50 Gbps.
Linked network institutions / agencies for education. 293 Universities (1,000 Mbps each of the N x 1,000 Mbps). 415 Vocational Education (100 - 1,000 Mbps) 3,000 schools (10 - 100 Mbps).
Development Teacher tv (IPTV) to provide resources for education.
V. Typical e-learning for lifelong learning
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University Network (UniNet) (UniNet)
• To be “National ICT infrastructure” for higher educational institutes to connect every institution of higher education to the Internet for education and research.• To be central hub for connecting to other national and international network.
V. Typical e-learning for lifelong learning
Global and Local Network
CAT-IIGCAT-IIGCAT-NIX CAT-NIX
TEIN2TEIN2
Domestic Exchange
GlobalInternet
ThaiSARNThaiSARN
Research Internet
Internet2 Internet2
TOT-NIX TOT-NIX
10 Gbps
10 Gbps
1 Gbps
1 Gbps 2.5 Gbps
2.5 Gbps
155 Mbps155 Mbps
155 Mbps155 Mbps
1 Gbps1 Gbps
MOEMOE
1 Gbps
1 Gbps
UniNetUniNetAbilene,KAREN,CalREN Abilene,KAREN,CalREN
Total 15.8 GbpsTotal 15.8 Gbps
Inter-University NetworkPhase 2 (UniNet 2)September 2009
Extended to
National Education Network(Inter-connecting
Basic edu, Higher edu, Vocational edu)
V. Typical e-learning for lifelong learning
NEdNetNational Education Network
NEdNet Vocational College
Vocational College
UniversityUniversity
urank.infostks.or.th
Public libraryPublic libraryEducation
regional officeEducation
regional officeNEdNet
School
Online learning center
Home and office learning center
E-Libra
ry
E-Libra
ryResearche
s
Researche
se-
Learning
e-LearningDistance
LearningDistance Learning
IPTVIPTVLow-cost Knowledge
Center
Project PurposesNational Education Network (Ned.Net)
To develop information network for education to be the main network connecting education institutes at all levels: higher education, vocational education, and basic education.
To promote the use of educational network for country’s education and research efficiently and effectively.
V. Typical e-learning for lifelong learning
Targets National Education Network Provide appropriate bandwidth for all level of education UniNet Network expansion to a network of Ministry of
Education. Support usage of the entire education system. 1) University connected (Dark Fiber) with bandwidth 1 Gbps - Nx1 Gbps.
2) Vocational institutions bandwidth 100-1,000 Mbps.
3) school bandwidth 10-100 Mbps. Research network at least 10 Gbps.
V. Typical e-learning for lifelong learning
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Credit bank and credit transfer
Co-operation for new and rare resources
curriculum
Sharing human and educational resources
Multi-disciplinary curriculum
Raise the quality level of higher education
Extended Higher Education Opportunities for Thai People and AllsExtended Higher Education Opportunities for Thai People and Alls
The e-learning consortium of all Thai universitiesThe e-learning consortium of all Thai universities
Thailand Cyber University
36 public and private universities joined membership More than 500 courses (include small contents) More than 16 programs (certificate / bachelor degree /
master degree) More than 2,463 teachers joined to create content and
teach for some courses More than 41,855 students joined to learn both self-pace or
collaborative mode
July 2010 V. Typical e-learning for lifelong learning
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Thailand Cyber University Project
• To effectively enhance access to higher education through distance learning via UniNet.• To encourage the collaboration among Thai universities in effective sharing of educational resources.• To upgrade and assure the quality of e-Learning learning.• To be center in transferring of knowledge credit which will increase opportunities for those who in the workplace to upgrade their knowledge and skill or to further their study which will lead to lifelong learning.
V. Typical e-learning for lifelong learning
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Government policy supporting the expansion of education opportunity and lifelong learning.
E-learning has been used to support lifelong learning. Setting up of Thailand Cyber University Project
Successful operation of lifelong learning > cooperation from stakeholders in the society.
VI. Recommendations and Prospects
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