dumbo: networking in an emergency
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DUMBO: Networking in an Emergency. Kanchana Kanchanasut Internet Education and Research Lab & School of Engineering and Technology Asian Institute of Technology THAILAND. Emergency Communications. What we use when many things are not working well! (Fred Baker, Cisco) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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DUMBO: Networking in an DUMBO: Networking in an EmergencyEmergency
Kanchana KanchanasutInternet Education and Research Lab
&
School of Engineering and Technology
Asian Institute of Technology
THAILAND
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Emergency Communications
What we use when many things are not working well!
(Fred Baker, Cisco)
100% Zero infrastructure
=> something that works
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Issues to be addressed
• Temporary services– Service outages and subject to attacks– Limited resources
• Equipment• Power supplies• Manpower
– Need for preferential traffic/services for authorized users
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More..
• Work under stress!– Poor working conditions– Life saver– Rapid dissemination of announcements– Support bi-party and/or group communications
• Services– Expert consultations– I AM ALIVE (eg. WIDE Project) – Missing persons
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Outline
• Lessons from 2004 Tsunami • Design principles• DUMBO Project
– 2006 DUMBO I– 2008 DUMBO II– 2010 DUMBO III
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Digital Ubiquitous Mobile Broadband OLSR
(DUMBO)
• Lessons from the Tsunami 2004
==> Design Principles:To turn ordinary laptops and PDAs to live-saving network and platform for effective recovery management
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Choices of Wireless Technologies
Short Range (WPAN)
• Bluetooth• 100 meters (Class 1)• 10 meters (Class 2) • 1 meter (Class 3)• 2.1 - 3 Mbps (v2.0)• 2.4 GHz
•ZigBee• 250Kbps @ 2.4 GHz• 40 Kbps @ 915MHz• 20 Kbps @ 868MHz• 10 – 100 meters• Remote control• Low data rate !
Medium Range (WLAN)
• WiFi 802.11 b/g/n• 2.4GHz• 11 ~ 200+ Mbps• 30~200 meters
• IEEE P802.11 C2C• 5.9 GHz DSRC• US-flavored• a.k.a. WAVE• ETA : 2009 ?
• CALM• WAVE+Global 5GHz• GPRS/UMTS conn.• EU flavored
Long Range
• EDGE• 0.9 – 1.89Mbps• Licensed Freq.
•CDMA2000 EV-DO• Rev.0 153K – 2Mbps• Rev.A 1.8 – 3 Mbps• Licensed Freq.
•WiMaX• 10-70 Mbps• Licensed Freq.
EXPENSIVE INFRASTRUCTURE!
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_wireless_data_standardshttp://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/11/Reports/tgp_update.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZigBee_specificationhttp://www.zigbee.org/
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OLSR
• Optimized Link State Routing Protocol
– IETF RFC 3626
– Proactive Link State MANET Routing Protocol
– Based on the Multipoint Relays (MPR) technique
• Implementations (Open source):
– INRIA (http://hipercom.inria.fr/olsr/ )
– Unik ( http://www.olsr.org )
– NRL (http://cs.itd.nrl.navy.mil/work/olsr/index.php )
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Services
• Short messages
• VOIP
• Push-to-Talk
• E-mail/File transfer
• Real-time streaming
• Group conferencing
• Internet
DUMBO I
Stand-alone MANET
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2006 DUMBO I: V-2-V MANET
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2006: DUMBO I
• Self-configuring/healing Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) through WiFi and Satellite Networks– For ground relief workers to collaborate in jungle
environment– Vehicles in used were elephants
• Multimedia Applications (EasyDC)– Rich conversations– P2P
• Sensor integration (LiveE! Project)• Face recognition application
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Scenario
Simulated Disaster Area 2
IP StarUplink
Simulated Head Command
Center (AIT)
TerrestrialInternet
Simulated DisasterArea 1
InternetSatellite
IP StarGateway Field
SatelliteAccess
MANETOLSR
PDA
FieldSatelliteAccess
MANETOLSR
PDA
sensor
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Uplink
Command HQ
TerrestrialInternet
Disaster Site 1(PDA and Laptops)
FieldSatelliteAccess
OLSRDisaster Site 2
(PDA and Laptops)
FieldSatelliteAccess
OLSR
Satellite
Gateway
B
C
A
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Multimedia Communications for Disaster Emergency Responses
• Interactive Video, Voice, and Instant Messaging – very important to situational awareness
• Peer-to-Peer Paradigm ( no centralized server ** )
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Application
Face Recognition : to search and identify people
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Vehicles
Elephants can assist search and rescue workersWe contribute multimedia communications and collaborative applications
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Public DemonstrationDecember 1, 2006
Simulated head command center in AIT
DUMBO II
MANET + Infrastructure
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DUMBO ll: A V-2-I Emergency NetworkDUMBO ll: A V-2-I Emergency Network20082008
ITST Conference, PhuketITST Conference, Phuket
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Objectives
1 Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communications
with mixed vehicle types
2 Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) Internet-like
Gateway
3 A newly revised Emergency Response
Multimedia Communication Applications
(P2PSIP)
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1. V2V Scenario -- mixed types of vehicles
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Equipment List
• Power Station2 (Wifi Access Point)
• Microclient Jr. (Mobile Router)
• Ultraclient (OLSR Router)
• Laptop PC (MNN)
• EeePC (MNN)
• Desktop PC (HA, Tunnel Server, CN)
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DUMBO II Experiments
1. OLSR + Internet
2. MANEMO (MANET + NEMO) with mobile routers communicating with
1. TD/NINA Protocol
2. OLSR Protocol
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OLSR in DUMBO II• We deployed post disaster communication network • OLSR network connected to the infrastructure
– Using a OLSR gateway with 2 interfaces, ad hoc wireless mode connecting to OLSR network and LAN connecting to HQ.
• EasyDC was the P2P application on MANET supporting VoIP, VDO, and Instant messaging, using our P2P SIP overlay network – Rescuers could make any kinds of communication to other
rescuers or HQ– It was distributed, thus there was no need to setup any
centralized SIP server• P2P SIP provide session and terminal mobility
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OLSR DUMBO II topologyInternet
HQOLSR gateway
OLSR network
12 nodes•6 EEE PCs•5 Ultraclients•1 OLSR GW
Tuk tuk
boats
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2. V2I Scenario -- with access
points + group movements
Fixed TerrestrialInfrastructure
Land Vehicles
Sea Vehicles
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Network Mobility (NEMO)• When a whole IP subnet moves, how does it
retain connectivity with different infrastructures ? – Addressing, Home network, Visited network,
Mobile router, Access Router
• http://www.mobilenetworks.org/nemo/
• NEMO Platform for Linux (NEPL) – http://www.nautilus6.org/doc/nepl-howto/
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NEMO
AccessRouter B
AccessRouter A
MobileRouter
MobileNetworkNodes
HomeNetwork
InternetInternetVisitedNetwork
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MANEMO
• Each of MANET and NEMO alone may not answer to our Post-Disaster Communication Network requirements !!
• MANEMO = MANET + NEMO
• It is an emerging research area: – http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/07mar/slides/manet-11.pdf
– http://www.mobileip.jp/MANEMO/MANEMO.html
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MANEMO
• MANEMO = Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) for Network Mobility (NEMO)
• NEMO provides session connectivity
• NEMO Mobile Router (MR) acts as a MANET node and exchange information with other MRs (TD/NINA vs OLSR)
• MANET provides optimal exchange of information between local networks
• Nested NEMO extends the network coverage
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MANEMO(cont.d)
• We can deploy Head-quarter freely in the Internet
• Each Vehicle for rescue work usually equipped with MR
• Rescue terminal requirement is only IP (same as NEMO)
• By using MANEMO, the problem of NEMO such as multiple encapsulation in nested case, redundant path inside nested MRs, and the isolated network without Home Agent can be solved
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MANEMO
AccessRouter B
AccessRouter A
InternetInternet
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MANEMO
AccessRouter B
AccessRouter A
InternetInternet
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Physical topology
The blue line represents the communication path between boat and HQ
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3. Emergency Applications• Dealing with session and
terminal mobility• Cross-layered approach
(utilizing useful information from the routing layer) with OLSR
• Information delivery: streaming, store-and- forward, RSS feeds
• Intelligent information processing
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Deployment Issues
• Locating optimal positions to setup wifi devices
• Re-configuration
• MANEMO is more complex as compared to OLSR
• Sea Sickness
• Battery Lifetime
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Work in Progress
• Auto re-configuration– Parameter settings– Active Networks
• Mapping and location information – Google Map– GeoDraw
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Technical Partners
• HIPERCOM INRIA (France)
– http://hipercom.inria.fr/
• WIDE (Japan)
– http://www.wide.ad.jp/about/research.html
• And perhaps a few more.
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DUMBO II Team @ Phuket
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Acknowledgement
• DUMBO II work is supported by Intelligent Transport System Program of the National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC), Thailand
• Special thanks to the students of Prince of Songkla University, Phuket for their help during demonstration at Phuket
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DUMBO II Participants
• Kanchana Kanchanasut, (AIT)• Thirapon Wongsaardsakul, (AIT)• Hajime Tazaki, (WIDE Project, Japan)• Anis Laouti, (Hipercom/INRIA and Telecom
SudParis, France)• Manutsiri Chansutthirangkool, (AIT)• Khandakar Rashedul Arefin, (AIT)
++ AIT students
DUMBO-MM
Cyclone Nargis on May 2, 2008
Ayeyarwaddy, Myanmar
www.interlab.ait.ac.th/myanmar/cyclone/
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2 May 2008 – Nargis cyclone hit Myanmar.
– Devastated Five Divisions and States including Yangon.
– Delta areas, the worst-hit, with the heaviest casualties and infrastructural damages.
– Communication infrastructure was down in cyclone hit areas.
– Electricity Black-out.
– Very limited transportation.
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• DUMBO-Myanmar – Useful in handling of relief, recovery and
resettlement activities aftermath of Nargis Cyclone.
• Coordination Program
– Phase I: Introductory Phase of DUMBO • Part I: Training for Myanmar Engineers at
AIT • Part II: DUMBO Deployment
– Phase II: Utilization of DUMBO systems by government agencies and iNGOs
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Trainings for Myanmar Engineers at intERLab/AIT
21 – 25 May 2008
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Introducing DUMBO in Myanmar
26 May 2008: Myanmar Egress HQ, Yangon
• Presentation/report to Myanmar Egress/NAG
partners, Myanmar Computer Professional
Association (MCPA)
– Technical overview
– Network requirements
– Benefit/features of system
– Project plan (DRAFT)
27 May- 2 June 2008: Myanmar Engineer’s
site visits to Pyapon and Bogale
Townships
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Yangon - Pyapon: 75 Km (Point-to-Point) satellite link (IPStar)
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Online among ME HQ, field offices in Yangon &
Pyapon
• ME used DUMBO network for data sharing and day-to-
day communications between HQ and fields office
• even during ME’s logistic arrangement for TCG-PONJA,
data collection for UNICEF and Myanmar Fisheries
Federation (MFF)
• ME is trying to test ‘HQ’- ‘field office’ – ‘field site’
• HQ-field office via iPstar
• Field office-field site (village) via long range wireless
antenna (need special permission, waiting for that !!!)
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Latest DUMBO Deployment report
• Site: Myingagone village Pyapon Township
• 12 EeePCs w/ DUMBO OLSR, 50 metre between each
node.
• Utilized DUMBO network during live data collection
• Very useful as Team leader can command and control his
volunteer team and get instant data at mobile office.
• Restrictions: EeePC’s low battery life especially in Mesh
wireless network.
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DUMBO-MM
June 15, 2008Number of sites : 4
-ME office in Yangon-Yangon’s warehouse-Pyaephyokyaw in Yangon-Pyar Pon
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DUMBO III
• Mega city: – large area of coverage with large number of users
• Heterogeneous networking environment• Basic communications for ALL
– Specific applications for SOME
• Many interesting research topics!– New partners welcome
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Trainings @ intERLab (2009)Trainings @ intERLab (2009)Date Training
25 – 27 February DNSSEC Hands-on Workshop
7 - 9 April VoIP & SIP Workshop
Late May TEIN3 Kick-off Workshop (TEIN3 members only)
Mid June IPv6 and Services for ISP [APNIC]
Late June/ Early July Network Security Workshop I
Late August/ Mid September Routing and BGP Multihoming Workshop
Late October/ Early November
ICT for Distance Education:IP Multicast,Video Streaming Technology: DVTS and Vclass
TBA
Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) for emergency response and post-disaster conditions
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Future Internet
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Thank YouThank You
Postal Address:
P.O. Box 4, Klong Luang
Pathumthani 12120,Thailand
Direct line:(66-2)524-6611
Fax:(66-2)524-6618
Email: info at interlab.ait.ac.th
http://www.interlab.ait.ac.th