V1/5/21/2019

DSS-WISE to Support RISK-MAPTricks and Tools for Rapid Inundation Risk Modeling

Tiffany Coleman, PE, CFM, STARRII (Stantec)

Shudipto Rahman, FEMA Region II

Ed Beadenkopf, PE, CFM STARR II (Atkins)

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Objective

• Disaster Response/Preparedness• Overview of DSS-WISE Lite/ Tips for Use• Potential Applications in RiskMAP

To provide an overview of DSS-WISE Lite, it’s uses, and how it can be integrated in FEMA’s RiskMAP

Topics of Discussion

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DSS-WISE Lite Intro

Web-based 2D-Modeling softwareEasy to learn with minimal user inputRobust numerical modelProduces digital GIS output and report

4Taken from https://damsafety.org/dam-failures

~20 failures per year (2005-2013) 587 “incidents”Aging damsPopulation

“By failing to prepare, you are preparing to fail ”

The Disaster Cycle

Emergency Management

Disaster Cycle-steps emergency managers take in planning for and responding to disasters

Disaster

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“By failing to prepare, you are preparing to fail ”

The Disaster Cycle

Emergency Management

Disaster Cycle-steps emergency managers take in planning for and responding to disasters

Disaster

Enact Emergency Action Plans (EAPs) 6

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Why Perform Breach Analysis

Estimate Possible

Inundation AreasEstimate

Warning Times

Plan Evacuation Routes

Identify Ways to Mitigate Risk

Dam Breach Consequences Datasets Foundational datasets from dam breach modeling• Flood depth• Velocity• Flood timingDatasets to assess consequences• Population characteristics• Structures / critical infrastructure• Transportation network

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DSS-WISE Lite Intro

Web-based 2D-Modeling softwareEasy to learn with minimal user inputRobust numerical modelProduces digital GIS output and reportInundation Mapping Can be Available

Within Hours

Hurricane Florence Hurricane

Harvey

Hurricane Maria

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DSS-WISE Lite In Disaster Response

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Overview of DSS-WISE Lite for Dam Breach Modeling

Each user’s must have approved access.

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Overview of DSS-WISE Lite for Dam Breach Modeling

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Overview of DSS-WISE Lite for Dam Breach Modeling

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Overview of DSS-WISE Lite for Dam Breach Modeling

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Overview of DSS-WISE Lite for Dam Breach Modeling

Requires limited data entry• Dam Height/Crest Elev• Draw Line Across Crest• WSEL/Storage Info• Breach Location• Type of Failure• Breach dimensions (uses

calculator)• Distance downstream• Downstream bridge

locations

Topo/Storage Evacuation issue

PrincipalSpillwayPipe

Valley Invert in topo is too high

Actual Valley InvertSome Reservoir Volume not Included in Outflow

Embankment Assumed to Fail

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DSS-WISE LiteTips

Choose Hydrograph Simulation Type to Enter Hydrograph

DSS-WISE Lite Tips

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DSS-WISE Lite TipsHydrograph Estimation – TR 60 Spreadsheet Inputs

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Overview of DSS-WISE Lite for Dam Breach Modeling

Development of Dam Breach Hazard Mapping

• The report provides the inputs and some images of the mapping generated

• The digital files inputs can be used to generate data needed for EAPs

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KMZ file to view on Google Earth

Shapefiles of simulation setup

Hydrographs extracted as “cvs” files

Flood extent when flood front is at 3 mi

Flood extent when flood front is at 7 mi

Flood extent at the end of simulation

Max. velocity polygons

Max. DV arrival time polygons

Max. DV polygons

Flood arrival time polygons

Max. flood depth polygons

Raster files

Final report in PDF format

DSS-WISE Lite Data Output

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PDF Report

Excel File with tables and plots

Shapefiles

Human Consequences Module

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Why Integrate Dam Breach Modeling in RiskMap?

• 20,000 communities in NFIP• FEMA is authorized under the Biggert-Waters Flood

Insurance Reform Act of 2012 (BW12) to produce maps of residual risk for areas protected by dams orcould be inundated by failure

• The Technical Mapping Advisory Council (TMAC) has recommended:

“…mapping prototype products aimed at more effectively communicating residual flood risk related to levees, dams, and event-driven coastal erosion. Products developed should incorporate end user and stakeholder testing, and FEMA should develop standards for routine production…”

DFIRM Database

Traditional Regulatory Products Non-Regulatory Products

FEMA non-regulatory products currently provide a platform for use by communities for dam safety

FEMA RiskMAP Products

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Changes Since Last FIRM Data Areas of Mitigation Interest

Flood Risk ReportFlood Risk Map

Ad-Hoc Flood Risk Analyses

Flood RiskDatabase

Flood Risk Assessment Data Flood Depth & Analysis Grids

Non-Regulatory Products

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• Leverages existing analysis from dam safety officials

• Flexible depending on varying state regulations & methods

• Datasets proposed:• Basic dam characteristics• Upstream inundation areas delineated• Downstream inundation areas delineated• Assorted depth and analysis grids (depth,

velocity, arrival time)• Easements & critical facilities• Flood risk assessments• Additional Areas of Mitigation Interest

• Data would be used to communicate risks & promote mitigation

Non Regulatory Products for Dams

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Sunny Day Downstream Inundation Area

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Visual 1.28

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Visual 1.31

Sunny Day Depth times Velocity (DV)Grid

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Severity Grid Showing Danger Levels• Can be categorized into

Zones of Potential Danger• Subdivides the inundation

area in to zones of differing potential danger.

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Visual 1.34

Danger Zones

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Visual 1.35 35

Danger Zones

Changes Since Last FIRM Data Areas of Mitigation Interest

Flood RiskDatabase

Flood Risk Assessment Data Flood Depth & Analysis Grids

Dam Breach Data In Flood Risk Database

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Depth and Velocity Grids Associated with Dam Breach Scenarios

Arrival Time Grids forthe Dam Breach Wave

Severity Grids andDanger Zones*

Dam Breach USand DS Inundation Areas

Dam Easements

Dam Breach Scenarios Critical Facilities

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DSS-WISE Lite FEMA UsesRisk Communication• DSS-WISE Lite model runs for community engagement at new study scoping to

inform the community about flood risk• DSS-WISE Lite modeling for FEMA to generate the enhanced non-regulatory

products for dams • Development of fact sheets for the Risk Review Meetings to show dam risk in the

study watershedPotential New Non-Regulatory Products• Development of a combined dam breach and SFHA map• Development of a new “Danger Zone” enhanced raster• New section in the Flood Risk Report describing how dams shown on FIRM’s were

mapped or not and the specific dam risk

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Residual Flood Risk

Visual 1.39

Short Summary of Modeling with Reference to Report for More Information

Dam Breach Inundation Fact Sheet

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DSS-WISE Lite As A Tool for Risk-MAP

• Simple to Use / Get Results Quickly• Output Provides Much of the

Information Needed• Human Consequences Module provides

an analysis of the population within the estimated inundated area.

• Has Some Limitations

V1/5/7/2019

Questions???