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CHAPTER 6

Executive Decision

Support Systems

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Enterprise Decision SupportSystems

DSS to provide enterprise-wide support

Executives

Many decision makers in dierent !ocations

Enterprise Resource P!annin" #ERP$ systems

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Enterprise Systems% Conceptsand Deinitions

Executive inormation systems #E&S$

Executive support systems #ESS$

Enterprise inormation systems #E&S$

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DSS and 'DSS

()*+s% Top execs "et Executive&normation Systems ()),.s% Move to every/ody.s

inormation systems andenterprise inormation systems Deinitions o!!ow

Evo!ution o Executive and Enterprise&normation Systems

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Executive &normation System#E&S$

A computer-/ased system t0at serves t0einormation needs o top executives

Provides rapid access to time!y inormation

and direct access to mana"ement reports 1ery user-riend!y2 supported /y "rap0ics Provides exceptions reportin" and 3dri!!-down3

capa/i!ities

Easi!y connected to t0e &nternet Dri!! down

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Executive Support System

#ESS$Compre0ensive support system t0at "oes

/eyond E&S to inc!ude

Communications 'ice automation

Ana!ysis support &nte!!i"ence

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Enterprise &normation System Corporate-wide system Provides 0o!istic inormation

4rom a corporate view Part o enterprise resource p!annin" #ERP$

systems

4or /usiness inte!!i"ence 5eadin" up to enterprise inormation

porta!s and know!ed"e mana"ement systems

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Executives. Ro!e and T0eir

&normation eeds Decisiona! Executive Ro!e #7 P0ases$

(8 &dentiication o pro/!ems and9or opportunities

78 T0e decision o w0at to do a/out t0em

4!ow c0art and inormation !ow #4i"ure *8($

:se p0ases to determine executives.inormation needs

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Met0ods or 4indin"

&normation eeds ;et0er/e

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C0aracteristics o E&S

Dri!! down Critica! success 4actors #CS4$

Status access Ana!ysis Co!ors and audio avi"ation o inormation Communication

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Critica! Success 4actors #CS4$

Monitored /y ive types o inormation(8 >ey pro/!em narratives

78 Hi"0!i"0t c0arts?8 Top-!eve! inancia!s

@8 >ey actors #key perormance indicators #>P&$$

,8 Detai!ed >P& responsi/i!ity reports

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Critical Success Factors

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C0aracteristics and =eneitso E&S

#Ta/!e *8($

ua!ity o inormation :ser interace

Tec0nica! capa/i!ity provided =eneits

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E&S vendors - easy interaces wit0 BSS

Some E&S /ui!t in 5otus Domino 9 otes

Coms0are &nc8 and Pi!ot Sotware2 &nc8- 5otus Domino9otes-/aseden0ancements and;e/9&nternet9&ntranet !inks

&nte"ratin" E&S andBroup Support Systems

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Traditiona! E&S Sotware Maor Commercia! E&S Sotware 1endors

Coms0are &nc8 #www8coms0are8com$ Pi!ot Sotware &nc8 #www8pi!otsw8com$

App!ication Deve!opment Too!s &n-0ouse components Coms0are Commander too!s

Pi!ot Sotware.s Command Center P!us and Pi!otDecision Support Suite

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E&S Data access

Data ware0ousin" '5AP Mu!tidimensiona! ana!ysis Presentations ;e/

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Mu!tidimensiona! Ana!ysis

Easy to deve!op an E&S in an '5AP system

Most are ;e/-ready

Can tap into data in a data ware0ouse viat0e ;e/

:se advanced visua!iation too!s

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Representative '5AP 9 Mu!tidimensiona!Ana!ysis Packa"es

=riouery #=rio Tec0no!o"y &nc8$ =usiness '/ects #=usiness '/ects &nc8$ Decision ;e/ #Coms0are &nc8$ Data4ountain #Dimensiona! &nsi"0t &nc8$ DSS ;e/ #MicroStrate"y &nc8$ 4ocus 4usion #&normation =ui!ders &nc8$

&no=eacon ;e/ #P!atinum Tec0no!o"y &nc8$ 'rac!e xpress Server #'rac!e Corporation$ Pi!ot &nternet Pu/!is0er #Pi!ot Sotware &nc8$

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&nc!udin" Sot &normation inE&S

Sot inormation is uy2

unoicia!2 intuitive2 su/ective2ne/u!ous2 imp!ied2 and va"ue

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Sot &normation :sed inMost E&S Predictions2 specu!ations2 orecasts2 estimates

#*8(F$ Exp!anations2 ustiications2 assessments2

interpretations #6,86F$ ews reports2 industry trends2 externa! survey data

#678,F$ Sc0edu!es2 orma! p!ans #,+8+F$ 'pinions2 ee!in"s2 ideas #(,86F$

Rumors2 "ossip2 0earsay #)8@F$

Sot &normation En0ances E&S 1a!ue

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'r"aniationa! DSS #'DSS$

T0ree Types o Decision Support &ndividua! Broup 'r"aniationa!

Hackat0orn and >een #()*($

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'r"aniationa! decision support ocuses onan or"aniationa! task or activity invo!vin"a seGuence o operations and actors

Eac0 individua!

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Deinitions o 'DSS

A com/ination o computer and communicationtec0no!o"y desi"ned to coordinate and disseminatedecision-makin" across unctiona! areas and

0ierarc0ica! !ayers in order t0at decisions arecon"ruent wit0 or"aniationa! "oa!s and mana"ement

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A distri/uted decision support system #DDSS$8ot a mana"er

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Common C0aracteristics o'DSS #Beor"e2 ())($

4ocus is on an or"aniationa! task or activity or adecision t0at aects severa! or"aniationa! units orcorporate pro/!ems

Cuts across or"aniationa! unctions or 0ierarc0ica!!ayers

A!most a!ways invo!ves computer-/ased tec0no!o"ies2and may invo!ve communication tec0no!o"ies

Can &nte"rate 'DSS wit0 Broup DSS and Executive

&normation Systems 'DSS are an enterprise inormation system direct!y

concerned wit0 decision support

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George, Nunamaker & Valacich, 1992:Classification of OSS !ase" on #e$ %ssues

Downsizing: Reduction in the number

of human resources and hierarchical

layers- Keys to ODSS: ODSS to act as knowledge filters and amplifiers

ODSS to handle increased communication caused by an

increase in the span of control

ODSS to integrate the gaps created by the missing Management

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Self-Managed eams: his address the

gaps!

"eed increased coordination tools: #roupware

"eed increased fle$ibility in decision making

"eed different types of people %for discussion&

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Outsourcing:

' Strategic (ersus tactical issues

' )oordination issues

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The Internet

Internet Server

Intranet Server

EIS Data, Model,

Knowledge a!e!

"or#orate Data,Model,

Knowledge a!e!, et$%

&!erInter'a$e

(e!)dent

*+-Tool!

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(e#ort wr)t)ng

!o'tware

.DSS !o'tware

Mathe/at)$alModel!

*ther

gro# /e/er!

(D

.DSS!o'tware

Env)ron/ent

Ind)v)dal

#role/

!olver!

De$)!)on

!##ort

!!te/

Env)ron/ent

+egend Data In'or/at)on "o//n)$at)on

An EIS Architecture

De$)!)on Maer )ew!

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De$)!)on Maer )ew!

#ertet +)n!

"ogn)t)ve Stle

Mental Model!In'ro/at)on Sor$e!

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ode! data, /odel!, nowledge

+)n! relat)on!h)#!

ewteen node!

The de$)!)on /a)ng

)ntre#retat)on #ro$e!!

ew l)n

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Manage/ent De$)!)on Ma)ng -ro$e!!e!!

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Intell)gen$e

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Strateg ;or/lat)on

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Mea!re /ent

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