drugs and alcohol. prevention education topics alcohol-related high-risk behavior alcohol...
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Drugs and Alcohol
Prevention Education Topics
Alcohol-related high-risk behavior
Alcohol poisoning
Risk of cannabis use
Risk of using hallucinogens, magic mushrooms (psilocybin)
Risk of anabolic steroids and other performance enhancing drugs
Risk of drinking and drug use during pregnancy
Background Facts
Drinking Facts Canada
Straight Talk About Marijuana
Videos
The Overtaken Documentary
Innocence Lost: Stories of Youth Addiction on PEI
Addicted Population - Drugs in Canada (Documentary)
What is a Drug?
Drugs are anything other than food that are taken and change how our body or mind work
60% of people who use illegal drugs are age 15-24
Types of Drugs
There are three main types of illegal/illicit drugs based on how they affect the brain: 1) Hallucinogens
2) Stimulants
3) Depressants
Hallucinogens
Cause people to have hallucinations and alter their perception of reality
People see images, hear sounds, and feel sensations that seem real but are not
Examples of hallucinogens: Marijuana Ecstasy (Hallucinogen & Stimulant) Magic Mushrooms LSD
Ecstasy Also known as: love drug, E, XTC, Party pill,
Hug drug
Is both a STIMULANT and HALLUCIOGEN that is made in illegal labs
It is sold as a tablet, capsule or powder in different sizes, shapes and colours
A single hit can last 3-6 hours but the after effects can last for days to weeks
Stimulants
Increase alertness and physical activity
Also known as “Uppers”
Examples of Stimulants: Caffeine Nicotine Cocaine and Crack Cocaine Methamphetamine Ecstasy (Hallucinogen & Stimulant)
Cocaine & Crack Cocaine Also known as: blow, crack, coke, rock
Cocaine is a STIMULANT
Made from a coca plant in South America
Cocaine is a white powder that can be snorted or added to water and injected into veins
Crack cocaine looks like rocks or crystals and can be smoked
Methamphetamine Also known as: meth, crystal meth, speed
Methamphetamine is a STIMULANT
A man-made drug which makes it very dangerous because it can be very strong causing an overdose
It can be taken by mouth, smoked, snorted or injected into veins
“Speed” is a form of the drug that is injected
“Crystal Meth” is the form of drug that is smoked
Methamphetamine
Can cause serious memory problems if used a lot
Can lead to hallucinations such as the feeling of bugs crawling under the skin
Depressants
Slow down the normal function of the brain and have the opposite affect of stimulants
Also known as “downers” and can slow down breathing and heart rate
Examples of Depressants: Alcohol Heroin Narcotics (pain medication given in hospitals)
Heroin Also known as: dope, dust, junk, smack
Heroin is a DEPRESSANT
Made from morphine as a clear white powder but is sold on the street in many colours
It can be smoked, snorted or injected into the veins and can be 2-98% purity which makes it very dangerous
Overdose or misuse of heroin can lead to death
Most Common Drugs
The 3 most commonly used drugs by PEI youth:
Alcohol
Nicotine
Marijuana
Alcohol: What Is It? Alcohol is a DEPRESSANT
Alcohol is a flammable liquid that is composed of ethanol
There are many different types of alcohol Beer Wine Hard Liquor: Whiskey, Vodka, Rum etc.
Alcoholic beverages vary in the percent of alcohol in one drink
Alcohol: How It Works
When a person drinks alcohol it is absorbed into the bloodstream and carried to all body parts and the brain
When alcohol reaches the brain it changes the way it works and how we function in many ways
If a person drinks too much they become intoxicated
Alcohol: Side Effects Euphoria
Drowsiness
Dizziness
Slurred Speech
Staggering
Double Vision
Unconsciousness
Memory
Concentration
Coordination
Alcohol Effects
Alcohol: Long Term Effects Liver damage
Brain damage
Heart Disease
Cancer
Ulcers
Memory loss
Impotence
Reproductive problems
Disorders of the pancreas
Alcohol Video
http://www.thesite.org/audioandvideo/video/drinkanddrugs/alcoholthefacts
Nicotine: What Is It? Nicotine is a STIMULANT
Nicotine is the drug responsible for making cigarettes so addictive and is found in tobacco
Tobacco makes up 90% of a cigarette but many people use smokeless forms of tobacco known as chewing tobacco Chewing tobacco has many of the same
negative effects as smoking and also causes dental problems
Nicotine: Side Effects Difficulty breathing
Decreased appetite
Decreased circulation
Increased heart rate and blood pressure
Drop in skin temperature
Faster and shallower breathing
First-time smokers feel dizzy and energized and may experience diarrhea and vomiting
Nicotine: Long Term Effects Smoking tobacco is KNOWN to cause 26 diseases
and health problems including:
Chronic Obstructive Lung Diseases Emphysema Bronchitis
Pneumonia
Heart Attack
Stroke
Cancer Lung, mouth, throat, pancreas, kidney and bladder
Smoking Facts
Tobacco smoke has over 4000 chemicals and over 50 that are KNOWN to cause cancer
A person who smokes will die 8 years earlier than a non-smoker
In 2010, 37 000 Canadians died from tobacco related illnesses
Marijuana: What Is it?
Marijuana is a HALLUCINOGEN
Also called: weed, pot, joint, grass, green
Marijuana comes from a plant called Cannabis Other forms of cannabis include hash & hash oil
There is a chemical in all cannabis called THC that causes the “high” feeling
Marijuana: Side Effects See handout
Increased pulse rate & decreased blood pressure Which could lead to dizziness & fainting
Bloodshot eyes
Dry mouth
Increased appetite
Mild paranoia, anxiety or panic
Impaired short term memory
Impaired coordination & reaction time
Marijuana: Long Term Effects Respiratory diseases
Cancer
Decreased motivation and concentration Leads to problems in school and work
Long term use of marijuana can cause the mental illness schizophrenia Paranoia Delusions Hallucinations
What Does This Mean for You? In 2007, of PEI’s grade 9 students:
37% have used alcohol at least once
17% have used marijuana at least once First use of marijuana is around Grade 8 or Grade 9
13% have tried smoking
Addiction
Definition:
Addiction is when people crave the drug, lose control over how much they use and use of the drug even though it causes bad things to happen in their life
Factors That Cause Addiction
Early Regular Use: the younger a person is when they begin to use
drugs and alcohol the more likely they will become addicted and the faster the addiction occurs
40% of people who began using alcohol at age 14 or younger were found to have problems and addictions later in life
Heredity: people who have a family history of addiction are
more likely to become addicted themselves
Factors That Cause Addiction
Education & Knowledge: Addiction is linked to lower levels of education
The less people know about drugs and alcohol the more likely they are to try them and become addicted
Body Make-Up: Drugs and alcohol affect everyone’s body differently
Exposure Before Birth: If a pregnant woman uses drugs and alcohol while
pregnant, her child has a higher risk of addiction
Negative Effects of Addiction
Withdrawal: The body gets used to using a certain drug and if
it is decreased or stopped the person becomes sick and has withdrawal symptoms
Withdrawal symptoms include: shaking, sweating, headache, nausea, vomiting, and many others
Dependence: There are two types of dependence, when your
body needs the drug to feel normal and when your mind needs the drug because of a craving
Negative Effects of Addiction
Tolerance: The more often a drug is used, then more of the
drug is needed to produce the effects it used to
Ex: a person who used to get drunk from 4 beer now needs more than 4 to feel the effects
Overdose: Taking too much of a drug or drinking too much
alcohol that can lead to death
Negative Effects of Addiction Legal Risks:
The use of illegal drugs, drugs that are not prescribed by your doctor and alcohol under the legal age can lead to charges, prison and a criminal record
Other Risks: drugs and alcohol can cause people to do
dangerous things they wouldn’t normally do it they were no under the influence such as drinking and driving, risky behaviour such as stealing or sex which can lead to unwanted pregnancy or STIs
Video
http://www.justtalkpei.ca/index.php?page=video2
Slideshow Project
You will choose a topic to research and present to the class.
1) Gather the facts – identify the substance and how it affects teen users. Identify 2 or 3 “high-risk” behaviors that can occur when using the substance. Include 2-5 statistics – you can use the PEI Drug Use Survey.
Slideshow Project
2) Set a priority – decide what single message is the most important to share and make sure you emphasize it. “Present facts, or bust myths.”
3) Be credible – speak to teens from teens. Include a list of references
4) Be creative – make sure the message “hits home.” Include a personal thought, opinion, or statement that you have formed about the topic through your research.
Topics
Alcohol-related high risk behavior
The risk of cannabis use
The risks of drinking and other drug use during pregnancy
Risk of prescription drug dependency
Risks of using hallucinogens – psilocybin or MDMA
Risk of methamphetamine use
Risk of anabolic steroids and performance enhancing drugs
Alcohol poisoning
Rubric
Rubric
Test Review
Need to know:
What is a drug?
Know the three types of drugs and provide examples of each
What are the three most common for PEI?
Know the drinking facts sheet – how alcohol affects you, how you absorb it, alcohol poisoning, etc.
Test Review
Know marijuana and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and how it affects the brain.
Problems with marijuana
Know: drug abuse physical dependencypsychological dependency
withdrawal symptoms hallucinogensdepressants stimulants alcoholLSD ecstasy psychoactive
10 multiple choice questions