drug cards list 1

8/7/2019 Drug Cards List 1

1/18

1

epinephrine / Adrenaline

Classes: adrenergic / bronchodilator /

vasopressor

Action: bronchodilation, vasoconstriction,maintenance of HR & BP

Indication: reversible airway obstruction

(asthma, COPD; anaphylaxis)Comments: warn Pt about SE

Side Effects: Nervousness, Restlessness,

Tremor, Angina, Arrhytmias, HTN,

Tachycardia


2/18

2

albuterol / Proventil

Classes: adrenergic / bronchodilator

Action: relaxes airway smooth muscle causing

bronchodilationIndication: bronchospasm (asthma, COPD,

etc.)

Comments: Assess lungs; wait 1 minute

between inhalations.

Side Effects:Nervousness, Restlessness,

Tremor, Chest pain, Palpitations


3/18

3

metoprolol / Lopressor

Classes: beta blocker / antihypertensive /

antianginal / antiarrythmic

Action: response to sympathetic

nerve stimulation resulting in HR &

BP

Indication: HTN, angina, arrhythmias, MI

Comments: teach Pt/family to check P &BP

SE: Fatigue, Weakness, ED, Bradycarida,

CHF, Pulmonary Edema


4/18

4

pyridostigmine / Mestinon

Class: cholingergic / antimyasthenic

Action: destruction of

acetylcholine ( effectiveness)Indication: Myasthenia Gravis,

anticholinergic overdose (i.e. pesticide

poisoning)Side Effect: Seizures, Bronchospasm,

Excessive Secretions, Bradycardia,

Abdominal Cramps, N/V/D.


5/18

5

atropine / Atropine Sulfate

Class: anticholinergic / antiarrhythmic

Action: acetylcholine action in PNS

Indication: preop ( oral & resp secretions),bradycardia & pesticide poisoning

Comments: classic anticholinergic drying

effects: (dry mouth, urinary hesitancy,

constipation), drowsiness, blurred vision


6/18

6

phenobarbital / Luminal

Classes: barbiturates / sedative-hypnotic

/ anti-seizure

Action: depresses CNSInd: pre-op, seizures

Comments: wean off gradually, tolerance

& physical dependency may occurTR: 10-40

SE: Hangover, Laryngospasm, Anioedema,

Serum Sickness


7/18


8/18

8

zolpidem / Ambien

Class: misc. sedative/hypnotic

Action: selective CNS depression

Ind: insomnia

Comments: fewer SE

than others

SE: Anaphylactic reaction


9/18

9

amantadine hydrochloride /

Symmetrel

Classes: antiparkinsonian / antiviral

Action: dopamines effectiveness (helpsrestore balance in neurotransmitters),

also prevents penetration of flu virus intohost cell

Ind: Parkinsons, influenza A

Note: May take up to 2 wks for therapeuticeffect. Drug holiday may be needed q 2-3 mo

SE: Ataxia, dizziness, insomnia, hypotension,mottling


10/18

10

carbidopa, levodopa / Sinemet

Class: antiparkinsonian / dopamine agonist

Action: enhances delivery of dopamine to

brain cells, relieves tremors & rigidityInd: Parkinsons disease

Comments: takes up to 6 mo for max effect, Pt

may need drug holiday q few years to

restore effectiveness2 agents work together

SE: Involuntary movements, N/V


11/18

11

diphenhydramine hydrochloride /

BenadrylClasses: anticholinergic / antihistamine /

antitussive

Action: histamine response; inParkinsons acts to the

hyperstimulation caused by relative in

acetylcholine

Ind: tremor & drooling r/t Parkinsons

disease, allergy Sx, cough

SE: Drowsiness, anorexia, dry mouth


12/18

12

diazepam / Valium

Classes: anti-anxiety / sedative-hypnotic / anti-

convulsant / skeletal muscle relaxant /

benzodiazepineAction: CNS depression, anxiety, synaptic

pathways

Ind: anxiety, pre-op sedation, status epilepticus,

insomnia, skeletal muscle spasm

SE: Dizziness, drowsiness, lethargy


13/18

13

alprazolam / Xanax

Classes: anti-anxiety / benzodiazepine

Action: CNS depression, anxiety

Ind: anxiety, panic disorders

SE: Diziness, drowsiness, lethargy


14/18

14

amitriptyline / Elavil

Class: tricyclic antidepressant

Action: blocks reuptake of neurotransmitters,

but exact antidepressant action is unknown.

Ind: depression

Comments: requires several weeks for max

effect, initial sedation will diminish, has anti-cholinergic SE

SE: Lethargy, sedation, blurred vision, dry eyes,

dry mouth, hypotenstion, constipation,

arrhythmias


15/18

15

sertraline / Zoloft

Class: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

(SSRI)

Action: reuptake & destruction of serotonin

Ind: depression, OCD

Comments: takes 2-4 weeks for max effect.

Doesnt have anticholinergic & effects likethe tricyclics

SE: Dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, HA,

insomnia, N/D, Dry mouth, sexual dysfxn,

tremor, increase sweating


16/18

16

risperidone / Risperdal

olanzapine / ZyprexaClass: atypical antipsychotic

Action: effects of dopamine & serotonin

Ind: Mgt of psychotic disorders, psychotic Sx

associated w/ dementia

Comments: EPS than typicalantipsychotics

SE: Neurolyptic malignant syndrome, aggro

behavior, HA, increased dreams and sleep,

insomnia, sedation, constipation.


17/18

17

haloperidal / Haldol

Class: typical antipsychotic

Action: effects of dopamine in the brain

Ind: Mgt of psychotic disorders, psychotic Sx

associated w/ dementia

Comments: More EPS side effects than

atypical antipsychotics

SE: seizures, EPS, blurred vision, dry eyes,

constipation, neuroleptic malignant

syndrom, constipation


18/18

18

Vistaril / hydroxyzine

Class: antihistamine, Misc antianxiety

Action: acts in CNS, produces sedation,

relieves nausea, anxiety, allergies and has

anticholinergic and antispasmodic activity

Ind: multipurpose drug used to Tx anxiety,

N/V, itching, allergies and to potentiateopiates

SE: Drowsiness, dry mouth, pain

drug cards list 1

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