droidcon 2012: what's the hack is nfc .., hauke meyn, nxp
DESCRIPTION
NFC, the intuitive contactless technology is finding its way into more and more mobile phone devices. NFC stands for Near Field Communication and is a contactless technology gearing to massively ease information gathering and content sharing. It's very easy to use and allows short range, point to point communication between NFC enabled devices as well as access to content on passive tags and cards. The presentation will focus to provide a technology introduction, some hints on already available applications with a life demonstration of the technology. We will discuss the use cases driving the technology, the level of NFC integration in Android. The NCF API and it's classes will be presented and last but not least we plan to run a little life coding session to show how easy applications can be enabled and can benefit from NFC.TRANSCRIPT
NFC - What’s the hack is NFC… Technology intro, uses cases, applications
Hauke Meyn, Senior Principal System Architect NXP Semiconductors Germany GmbH droidcon 2012, Berlin March, 14th 2012
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Technology Overview
Contact Smart Cards Serial UART High level of security
0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1
Contactless Technology Electro magnetic field
data
subcarrier manchester coding
subcarrier modulation
load modulation
time domain
data "1" data "0"
NFC P2P Technology Electro magnetic field
Banking Public Transport & Access Mobile Transactions - NFC Infrastructure
Secure Transactions
Supply chain Product Tracking
Brand Protection Device Authent. Connected Devices
Authentication & Tagging
Passports ID cards Health Card Driving licenses
Proven Volume Delivery: Over 8 Billion Contactless ICs Shipped
#1 Transport, Access, Loyalty, etc. – 650+ cities worldwide, 4Bn+ units MIFARE
#2 Banking solutions – 600M+ cards in circulation, 35 countries
#1 NFC solutions – Inventor of NFC technology – 100+ phones, 190+ NFC trials worldwide
#1 eGovernment solutions – 81 out of 96 countries depend on NXP for ePassport
#1 Tags & Labels solutions – Supplying >50% tagging market
#1 Reader ICs for Infrastructure – Supplied 60M+ contactless ICs (80% market share) – POS terminals 95% market share
Secure Identity
NXP Focused on Superb User Experiences Uniquely leveraging 15 years leadership in existing ecosystems
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NFC Devices use a combination of technologies 3 communication modes
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Connect the world of apps with the physical world: Apps jump into the world and touch people, objects and other apps.
Connect devices through physical proximity: A magical connection of devices by simply touching them. A true device “hand shake”.
Interactive wallet: Incorporates the use of a secure element to allow your phone to act like an “interactive card” for payment, transportation, ID and physical access
Tag/Card Reader/Writer (Terminal) Multi-standard (ISO/IEC14443, JIS X 6319-4/Felica, ISO/IEC15693)
P2P Communication (Device to Device) NFCIP-1, NFCIP-2 (ISO/IEC18092, ISO/IEC21481)
Card Emulation (Secure Element) EMVCo (ISO/IEC14443)
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Who defines how NFC gets integrated? The NFC Forum
The mission of the NFC Forum is to advance the use of NFC technology by:
– Developing standards-based specifications that ensure interoperability among devices and services
– Encouraging the development of products using NFC Forum specifications
– Educating the market globally about NFC technology
– Ensuring that products claiming NFC capabilities comply with NFC Forum specifications
– Promoting the NFC Forum N-Mark
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The Mobile Revolution
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Smart Phone > desktop shipments; will exceed desktop + laptop shipments in 2012 Mobile Internet fastest growth in CE history, driven by Smart Phones Strong traction for NFC enabled handsets (OEM’s and MNO’s) Secure online/offline mobile transactions enabled by Secure Element (tamper resistant hardware) Fast growing payment, coupon, social network and location based marketing initiatives Convergence of traditional transit, access, and card experiences onto interactive devices Allows convenient, intuitive, secure means to take the online experience into the offline world
Mass Shift to Smart Phones
• Mobile banking/payments • Social networks • Appstores
Ubiquitous contactless infrastructure (payment, transport, ID, consumer, tags)
>1B contactless
touch points
Payment Mobile phone =
Debit card
Public Transport Mobile phone = transport card
Access Control Mobile phone = key
Micro-Payment Mobile phone = cash
Leveraging the growing contactless infrastructure …
Secure log-in Mobile phone = security token
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Ecosystem players will pursue different use cases, ten categories identified to date…
Mobile wallet to replace cash payments, increasing consumer convenience, locking-in bank customers and lowering transaction costs
Access account anytime anywhere and allow unbanked to send money P2P for a fee
Replace CL transport cards and one-off tickets, driving up usage and lowering PTO costs
Add differentiating feature by allowing phone to access buildings, computers and start cars
Fast set-up of Bluetooth connection between devices to increase consumer convenience
Store / access personal information on phone to increase information accessibility (anywhere, anytime)
Exchange digital information by direct phone connection to accelerate social network expansion and allow new game genre
Tap phone at tags to proof visit for more targeted and sophisticated marketing
Read product information by tapping phone at tags creating more targeted advertising
Secure access to Mobile TV, eBooks and Audio
Payments
Access & control
Credential storage & exchange
Content consump-
tion
Personal identifi-cation
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Proximity payments
1
Remote payments
2
Access mgmt &
car
4
Ticketing 3
eTagging
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Media consump-
tion
10
Location based
marketing
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Social net-working
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Pairing 5
Enabling use cases beyond payment & ticketing
Social networking Making new contacts, updating social networking profiles,
recommending services, advertisement, … Computing Secure automatic log-in, easy set-up of components, easy pairing of devices, … Retail M-payment, loyalty, advertising, link to RFID-system, … Health Care Medical records / treatments, dossier tracking/tracing, … Government Registration cards, Resident/parking permit, Tolling, … Automotive Access to services/data, pairing, motor management, keys, fleet management, driver profile transfer, … Gaming proximity peer to peer gaming experience, easy pairing, …
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NFC: Operating System Integration
Nokia / Symbian – Set starting point for NFC integration on mobile devices – Well defined, stable and flexible – Good OS level NFC utilization
Google / Android – Most used platform for NFC enablement – Most complete, very powerful API – Increasing OS level NFC utilization: Android Beam
RIM / Blackberry – Following Android for NFC enablement – Integration Classes based like the Android, less utilized
NFC Forum specification support – Basic OS level NFC utilization
Microsoft / Windows 8 – Coming up
„Native“ OS types like Samsung‘s Bada are not listed
NFC enabled Applications (1)
NXP created two apps as a technology teaser
NFC TagWriter by NXP – Store contacts, URLs and text messages on your
NFC tags. Convert QR Code into NFC data sets and launch actions with a tap
NFC TagInfo by NXP – NXP TagInfo,is like a “Swiss Army knife” for NFC!
The application provides a value checker, content viewer and analysis tool in a single application.
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NFC enabled Applications (2) NFC Task Launcher / Tools
– Use NFC Tags to automate tasks NFC Task Launcher makes NFC useful for every day life. You can use a single NFC tag to configure your phone or perform actions immediately.
Microsoft Tag / Productivity – Download the free Tag app to read Tag barcodes, QR Codes and NFC
touchpoints. The Microsoft Tag app lets you instantly connect to a whole new world of information.
Octopus Balance Reader / Tools – First app to read the balance of the HK Octopus Card. Once you own an
NFC enabled android phone(such as Nexus S), you are eligible to use this app.
NFC Profile / Tools – Touch a tag to toggle your system settings! With NFC Profile you can
switch system settings like WiFi connectivity on and off with a simple touch of a NFC tag.
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Android Beam
With Android Beam any application gets a basic NFC integration – Opens the App on the other side – If App is not present the market opens automatically
Allows for beaming NDEF Messages to Other Devices
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Android NFC integration Base classes
package android.nfc
NfcManager High level manager used to obtain an instance of an NfcAdapter.
NfcAdapter Represents the local NFC adapter.
NfcEvent Wraps information associated with any NFC event.
Tag Represents an NFC tag that has been discovered.
NdefMessage Represents an NDEF (NFC Data Exchange Format) data message that contains one or more NdefRecords.
NdefRecord Represents a logical (unchunked) NDEF (NFC Data Exchange Format) record.
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Android NFC integration base classes
package android.nfc.tech Ndef Provides access to NDEF content and operations on a Tag.
NdefFormatable Provide access to NDEF format operations on a Tag.
IsoDep Provides access to ISO-DEP (ISO 14443-4) properties and I/O operations on a Tag.
NfcA Provides access to NFC-A (ISO 14443-3A) properties and I/O operations on a Tag.
NfcB Provides access to NFC-B (ISO 14443-3B) properties and I/O operations on a Tag.
NfcF Provides access to NFC-F (JIS 6319-4) properties and I/O operations on a Tag.
NfcV Provides access to NFC-V (ISO 15693) properties and I/O operations on a Tag.
MifareClassic Provides access to MIFARE Classic properties and I/O operations on a Tag.
MifareUltralight Provides access to MIFARE Ultralight properties and I/O operations on a Tag.
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