drifting buoy update: wotan and iridium iridium drifter bernie petolas, p.eng. product manager,...

Drifting Buoy Drifting Buoy Update: Update:

WOTAN and IridiumWOTAN and Iridium

Iridium DrifterIridium Drifter

Bernie Petolas, P.Eng.Bernie Petolas, P.Eng.Product Manager, Buoys and PlatformsProduct Manager, Buoys and Platforms

Tony Chedrawy, MBA, P.Eng.Tony Chedrawy, MBA, P.Eng.VP Sales and MarketingVP Sales and Marketing

ONE SYSTEM, GLOBALLY.

DBCP Technical Workshop 2003

WOTANWOTAN

SVP BP WSDSVP BP WSD


Introduction

• WOTAN Buoy History and DevelopmentWOTAN Buoy History and Development

• WOTAN Buoy Design and SpecificationsWOTAN Buoy Design and Specifications

• WOTAN Buoy PerformanceWOTAN Buoy Performance

• ConclusionConclusion


WOTAN Buoy History

• WOTAN – Wind Observation Through Ambient WOTAN – Wind Observation Through Ambient NoiseNoise

• METOCEAN’s electronics, hydrophone and pre-METOCEAN’s electronics, hydrophone and pre-amplifier design developed in 1988amplifier design developed in 1988

• Drifting buoy design integration in 1992Drifting buoy design integration in 1992

• Vagle Algorithm focusing on sound intensity Vagle Algorithm focusing on sound intensity levels between 2 kHz and 8 kHz levels between 2 kHz and 8 kHz


WOTAN Development

• Full sensor suite and data processing integrated to Full sensor suite and data processing integrated to METOCEAN SVP drifters in 1996METOCEAN SVP drifters in 1996

• Incorporation of Pierre Blouch’s algorithm in 2003. Incorporation of Pierre Blouch’s algorithm in 2003. Average Average sound intensity level between 2 kHz and at 6 sound intensity level between 2 kHz and at 6 kHz, standard deviation between 2 kHz and at 8 kHz kHz, standard deviation between 2 kHz and at 8 kHz

• Transmission of data across the full sound spectrumTransmission of data across the full sound spectrum

• Over 400 WOTAN drifters deployed !!Over 400 WOTAN drifters deployed !!


WOTAN Design

METOCEAN WOTAN DRIFTERMETOCEAN WOTAN DRIFTER

• 16 inch diameter hull16 inch diameter hull• Argos positionArgos position• SST - Sea surface temperatureSST - Sea surface temperature• BP - Barometric PressureBP - Barometric Pressure• Drogue On/Off SensorDrogue On/Off Sensor• Acoustic wind speed Acoustic wind speed • Internal compass and wind vane for directionInternal compass and wind vane for direction• Drogues - 644 cm by 92 cm centered at 15 metersDrogues - 644 cm by 92 cm centered at 15 meters• Argos M1 or M2 Data Transmit FormatArgos M1 or M2 Data Transmit Format


WOTAN Design

Hydrophone

10 metre

s below

the sea surface

Fixed vane

Drifter hull

Barometer port

Drogue


YearYear

NumberNumber

MinimumMinimum

MaximumMaximum

F.O.DF.O.D

AverageAverage

20022002

128128

32 days32 days

608 days608 days

44

407 days407 days

20012001

134134

94 days94 days

631 days631 days

66

419 days419 days

20002000

8484

124 days124 days

582 days582 days

22

388 days388 days

WOTAN Performance

Data courtesy of NOAA, UK Met Office, Meteo France, AOML, NDBC, NAVOCEANO, KORDI, Data courtesy of NOAA, UK Met Office, Meteo France, AOML, NDBC, NAVOCEANO, KORDI, Environment Canada, Australian Bureau of Meteorology Environment Canada, Australian Bureau of Meteorology


WOTAN Performance

Metocean WOTAN drifter 37403 (WMO 44551)Wind direction - Hurricane Fabian

990

995

1000

1005

1010

1015

1020

1025

1030

06-Sep (00h) 06-Sep (12h) 07-Sep (00h) 07-Sep (12h) 08-Sep (00h) 08-Sep (12h) 09-Sep (00h) 09-Sep (12h) 10-Sep (00h)

2003

AP

in h

Pa

0

45

90

135

180

225

270

315

360

WD

in d

eg

ree

s

Air pressure (drifter)

Wind direction (drifter) - Argos

Wind direction (drifter) - GTS

Wind direction (model)


WOTAN PerformanceMetocean WOTAN drifter 37403 (WMO 44551)

Wind speed - Hurricane Fabian

990

995

1000

1005

1010

1015

1020

1025

1030


2003

AP

in h

Pa

0

4

8

12

16

20

24

28

32

WS

in m

/s


Wind speed (drifter) - Argos

Wind speed (drifter) - GTS

Wind speed (model)


WOTAN Performance

Metocean WOTAN drifter 37403 (WMO 44551)WS standard deviation and WS - Hurricane Fabian

-2

0

2

4

6

8

10


2003

WS

sta

nd

ard

de

via

tio

n in

m/s

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

WS

in m

/s

WS standard dev.

Wind speed - Argos

Wind speed - GTS


WOTAN Performance

Metocean WOTAN drifter 37403 (WMO 44551)SST - Hurricane Fabian

990

995

1000

1005

1010

1015

1020

1025

1030


2003

AP

in h

Pa

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

SS

T in

°C


SST (drifter)

SST (model)


WOTAN Conclusion

• Minimum lifetime of one yearMinimum lifetime of one year

• Proven Air Deployment ReliabilityProven Air Deployment Reliability

• Proven Performance in Hurricane (s)Proven Performance in Hurricane (s)

• Low POWER ConsumptionLow POWER Consumption


IridiumIridium


Iridium Introduction

• Iridium data services overviewIridium data services overview

• METOCEAN’s Iridium Communication METOCEAN’s Iridium Communication

InfrastructureInfrastructure

• Drifting buoy deployed in Bering SeaDrifting buoy deployed in Bering Sea

• Iridium costsIridium costs

• ConclusionsConclusions


Overview of Iridium System


Iridium Gateway

SBD NetworkEquipment

Internet Email

End User Applications

Value Added Reseller Host System

SBD Service Overview


• An efficient packet-based service for frequent An efficient packet-based service for frequent short data transmissionsshort data transmissions

• Service supports 1960 bytes Mobile Originated Service supports 1960 bytes Mobile Originated and 1890 bytes Mobile Terminated and 1890 bytes Mobile Terminated

• System interfaces: System interfaces: – Device: Extended AT command setDevice: Extended AT command set– Gateway: Email - user data is sent in Gateway: Email - user data is sent in

attachmentsattachments• Pricing plans based on byte usage not timePricing plans based on byte usage not time

SBD Service Overview


METOCEAN’s Iridium Communication Infrastructure

• Based on METOCEAN iLinkBased on METOCEAN iLink™™ Server Server • Server monitors a port for incoming packets from Server monitors a port for incoming packets from

Iridium buoysIridium buoys• Accepts simultaneous connections from multiple Accepts simultaneous connections from multiple

platformsplatforms• In effect, each buoy has a direct connection to In effect, each buoy has a direct connection to

the database via the Internetthe database via the Internet


Message Processing

• Each buoy maintains a queue of hourly reports, Each buoy maintains a queue of hourly reports, transmitted upon connection to the servertransmitted upon connection to the server

• An acknowledgement is sent back only if the data An acknowledgement is sent back only if the data is successfully stored in the databaseis successfully stored in the database

• Upon acknowledgement, the buoy deletes the Upon acknowledgement, the buoy deletes the message from its transmission queuemessage from its transmission queue

• If the message queue is full, the oldest message is If the message queue is full, the oldest message is deleted deleted

• Programmable parameters allow flexibility in Programmable parameters allow flexibility in message throughput, data loss prevention and message throughput, data loss prevention and delivery costsdelivery costs


Command Processing

• Provided by an outgoing message queue in the Provided by an outgoing message queue in the databasedatabase

• User submits commands via web pageUser submits commands via web page• When connected, the buoy sends periodic When connected, the buoy sends periodic

command request packets and an command request packets and an acknowledgement after a command is received acknowledgement after a command is received and executedand executed

• Commands are stored in the databaseCommands are stored in the database• All buoy commands can be executed via the All buoy commands can be executed via the

Iridium interfaceIridium interface• Very powerful but dangerous tool!Very powerful but dangerous tool!


Drifting Buoy Deployment

• Hourly data acquisition • Barometer, SST and Submergence Sensors • GPS positioning • Bi-directional communications using the

Iridium Satellite Network • Customer Command/Data Interface (WWW) • Enhanced METOCEAN Digital Controller • Modular TMOS Software Architecture


Deployment in Bering Sea

NDBC Buoy 46001


Buoy Data


Cost Comparison (US$)

Telemetry CostsTelemetry Costs Iridium Iridium PPPPPP

SBDSBD

Monthly Service Rate Monthly Service Rate $30$30 $21$21

Daily rate Daily rate $3.96$3.96 $2.20$2.20

Total Tx costs for one yearTotal Tx costs for one year $1,805$1,805 $1,055$1,055

Number of messages per Number of messages per dayday

22 2424

Bytes transmitted per Bytes transmitted per messagemessage

192192 3232


Iridium Conclusion

• Two-way communications and large bandwidth Two-way communications and large bandwidth produce power savingsproduce power savings

• Iridium message throughput is about 80%Iridium message throughput is about 80%• Our database management system is 100%Our database management system is 100%• Allows reconfiguration after deploymentAllows reconfiguration after deployment• Potential cost savings of 33% over other satellite Potential cost savings of 33% over other satellite

systems systems • METOCEAN can offer data servicesMETOCEAN can offer data services


Thank You !Thank You !

drifting buoy update: wotan and iridium iridium drifter bernie petolas, p.eng. product manager,...

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