drawings of london churches in the bute collection: a catalogue

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Drawings of London Churches in the Bute Collection: A CatalogueAuthor(s): John SummersonSource: Architectural History, Vol. 13 (1970), pp. 30-42+93-118Published by: SAHGB Publications LimitedStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1568311 .

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Drawings of London churches

in the Bute Collection:

acatalogue by JOHN SUMMERSON

On 23 May 1951 a collection of 271 architectural drawings belonging to the5th

Marquess of Bute was sold at Sotheby's in thirty-five lots.' Of these drawings, 108 (lots 1-17) were catalogued as relating to St Paul's Cathedral, London churches, Whitehall or other works on which Sir Christopher Wren was

engaged. Drawings for London churches comprised 59 drawings (lots 4-15) and these are the subject of the present catalogue. Lots 4-6 and 10-15 were among those acquired at the sale by the National Art Collections Fund and subse-

quently either resold to the RIB A at the saleroom prices or presented as a gift.' Lots 7-9 were bought by Mr Merrit Ruddock and are now in the collection of Mrs Tweet Kimball of Sedalia, Colorado, USA. Photographs are in the Conway Library of the Courtauld Institute.

The provenance of the drawings appears to be as follows. On 4, 5 and 6 April 1749 the collection of antiquities and drawings of Christopher Wren, the architect's son, was sold by his executors at Langford's saleroom in Covent Garden.3 They included the drawings left by Sir Christopher Wren. Lot 31

(first day's sale) consisted of 'A hundred and fourteen large and finished Draw-

ings of St Paul's, Bow, and other churches in London; Also the Monument, Whitehall, Winchester Castle, Trinity College, Cambridge etc. and three

prints: all pasted into a large Book'.4 Copies of the sale catalogue in the Soane Museum show that the 3rd Duke of Argyll secured this lot for ?2 10s. Very roughly its contents seem to coincide with the Wren element in what was to become the Bute Collection. The Duke died in 1761, and when his library was sold it was acquired by the 3rd Earl of Bute and remained in his family. The collection was believed to have been destroyed in the library fire at Luton Hoo in 1771 until its reappearance in the saleroom in 1951.'

Lot 31 was not the only lot in the sale of 6 April 1749 which contained draw-

ings of churches. Lot 34 consisted of 'An hundred Drawings and Sketches of London Churches, in a portfolio'. This was bought, together with lot 33 ('A Book of Astronomical Schemes') by an unknown bidder for ?1 8s. The fate of these hundred drawings is unknown but about one-half of them may have found their way to All Souls College, Oxford, where, in Vols 1-4 of the Wren collection, there are at least fifty drawings which could have been classified as Wren drawings for churches in 1749.s A further collection of drawings by Wren for London churches appeared in Langford's saleroom in 1751. Francis Bird, the sculptor, died in 1731 but for some reason his collection of models, drawings

30 &c was not disposed of for twenty years. In the sale catalogue for the third



day's sale (2 May 1751), lots 40, 41 and 42 consist of drawings of churches by Wren.6 The purchaser is unknown. It is, of course, possible that these drawings, or some of them, became part of the All Souls collection. There are, however, affinities between the All Souls and the Bute collections which make their

provenance from a common source more probable. The present catalogue cannot be regarded as definitive. The drawings in

private possession in America have not been available for inspection nor have other drawings at present on long-term loan from the RIBA. For dimensions and other data it has often been necessary to rely on the Sotheby catalogue of 1951, compiled by the present writer at short notice and with limited oppor- tunities for research. The new entries have thus been to a great extent compiled on the basis of photographs taken by the Courtauld Institute at the time of the sale.

No attempt is made here to deal with problems of dating and authorship. It is obvious that few of the drawings are in Wren's own hand. Certain indivi- dual styles of draughtsmanship emerge, however, and a study of these, in combination with chronological factors, might well lead to a fruitful investigation of the whole question of the responsibility for design in the erection of the London churches under Wren. Such an investigation could not be limited to the Bute drawings and would require more ample exposition than is called for in a catalogue concerned purely with identification and illustration.

NOTES

1 Sotheby & Co., Catalogue of Important Architectural Drawings and Fine Old Master Paintings to be sold on 23 May 1951. Illustrated, with 5 drawings from the Bute collection. 2 J. Summerson, 'Drawings for the Iondon City Churches', RIBA Jnl., Feb. 1952, pp. 126-129. 3 A Catalogue of the Genuine and Entire Collection ... of Christopher Wren Esq.... together with the Collection of Drawings of Architecture of the late Sir Christopher Wren, his Father &c, to be sold by Mr Langford on 4, 5 and 6 April 1749. Two copies in Sir John Soane's Museum. Relevant parts of an annotated copy are printed in Wren Soc. xx, pp.78-80. 4 Wren Soc., xx, p.80. 5 'Catalogue of the plans.., of Sir Christopher Wren... in the Library of All Souls, Oxford', Wren Soc., xx, pp. 1-33. 6 A Catalogue of the Genuine Collection of Models, Casts, Prints, Books of Prints, and Drawings of Mr Francis Bird to be sold by Mr Langford on 30 April and 1, 2 and 3 May 1751. British Museum, ASP. 192. The discovery of this entry is due to Mr John Harris.

SUMMERSON:

LONDON

CHURCHES IN

THE BUTE

COLLECTION

3'



ARCHITECTURAL THE CATALOGUE HISTORY 13: 1970

I ALL HALLOWS, UPPER THAMES STREET: SURVEY OF DESTROYED

CHURCH

Dimensioned plan of walls at ground level. Compass points. Figured scale. Ink, with some corrections or additions in pencil. 141 x 164 Coll: RIBA [Fig.la]

2 ALL HALLOWS, UPPER THAMES STREET

Plan, nearly as executed. Drawn scale, 3/20in to Ift approx. Ink. 114 x 18 Coll: RIBA [Fig. lb]

3 CHRIST CHURCH, NEWGATE STREET: DESIGN A

Section looking east. Drawn scale,1/10in to ift. Ins: higer (!higher) written

vertically in pencil at the top of the east window. Ink and grey wash. 94 x 14.

Repd: RIBA Jnt., Feb. 1952, p. 128. Coll: RIBA [Fig. 2a]

4 CHRIST CHURCH, NEWGATE STREET: DESIGN A

Long section showing three bays and two half bays. Ionic order on pedestals; the columns carry an architrave only, above which is a camerated clerestory containing circular openings. Drawn scale as in foregoing. Ink and grey wash. 91 x 134. Coll: RIBA [Fig.2b]

5 CHRIST CHURCH, NEWGATE STREET: DESIGN B

Long section showing two bays and two half bays. Corinthian order in pilaster form against piers carrying arches and raised on compound pedestals with high plinths. Full entablature over each pilaster only. Barrel vault (presumably elliptical) with cross-vaults entering over each bay between panelled ribs. Segmental-headed window, flanked by scrolls, in each cross-vaulted compart- ment. Drawn scale as in foregoing. Ink and grey wash. 9 x 13. Repd: RIBA Jnl., Feb. 1952, p. 128. Coll: RIBA [Fig. 3a]

6 CHRIST CHURCH, NEWGATE STREET: DESIGN C

Plan. Drawn scale as in foregoing. Ink and grey wash. 114 x 171 Coll: RIBA


Copy of the foregoing, by another hand. 111 x 18. Repd: RIBA Jnl., Feb. 1952, p.128. Coll: RIBA [Fig. 3c]

32



8 CHRIST CHURCH, NEWGATE STREET: DESIGN C SUMMERSON;

Long section showing three bays and two half bays, with gallery fronts; LONDON Corinthian order on pedestals which in turn are raised on piers. Continuous CHURCHES IN entablature. Attic storey with a sunk panel containing three raised panels in THE BUTE each bay. Flat ceiling. Ink and grey wash. 10J x 12? COLLECTION

CollI:RIBA [Fig. 3b]


Copy of the foregoing, by another hand. Drawn scale 1/10in to 1ft. Ink and

grey wash. 10J x 161. Repd: RIBA Jnl., Feb. 1952, p. 128. Coll: RIBA A drawing of the west front and lower part of tower in the All Souls collection

(Vol. 2, 53; Wren Soc., ix, pl. 11) does not correspond with any of the above and is later in date.

IOA ST ANNE, SOHO

Plan, not as executed, with three stages of the tower superimposed. Drawn scale, 1/10in to 1ft. Ink and grey wash. On one half of folded sheet, 17 x 214. Repd: Survey of London, xxxiii, pl. 10. Coll: RIBA [Fig.4c]

IOB ST ANNE, SOHO: DESIGN FOR TOWER

Unfinished setting-up of the elevation of a tower, not executed, with outline of the church drawn across it. The tower has angle pilasters reaching to the bell

stage and carrying engaged domical turrets between which is a window whose semicircular head enters the tympanum of a pediment. The whole is surmounted by a dome and lantern. No scale. Ins: in ink at lower r.h. corner, 'St Ann'. Pencil. On r. half of folded sheet of foregoing. Redrawn versions repd: RIBA Jnl., Feb. 1952, p. 129; Survey of London, xxxiii, pl. 1 la. Coll: RIBA

[26] ST ANNE, SOHO: DESIGN FOR TOWER Plan showing three stages of the tower superimposed, as in the plan (No. 10a) of the whole church. See ST BRIDE, FLEET STREET, No.26

II ST ANNE, SOHO: DESIGN FOR EAST END

Projecting low chancel between two rusticated Tuscan doorways surmounted by circular windows. Above the chancel the gable end of the church is expressed as a pediment containing a large semicircular window. To same scale as No. 10a. Ink and grey wash. 81 x 131. Repd: RIBA Jnl., Feb. 1952, p. 129; Survey of London, xxxiii, pl. 11lb. Coll: RIBA [Fig.4b]

33



ARCHITECTURAL 12 ST ANNE, SOHO

HISTORY 13: 1970 Long section showing two bays and two half bays. Corinthian order on

pedestals, raised on piers. Continuous entablature. Barrel vault, presumably elliptical, with panelled ribs. Drawn scale 1/10in to Ift. Ins: on verso, 'ST ANN, WSTM'. Ink and grey wash. 81 x 131. Coll: RIBA [Fig.4a]

I3 ST ANNE & ST AGNES: SURVEY OF DESTROYED CHURCH

Dimensioned plan at ground level Drawn scale, [.]ft

to lin. On verso, dimensioned plan of the western part of t he church only, showing the moulded piers of the ancient tower and proposed new chambers to north and south of it. Pencil lines suggest a remodelling of the piers to provide for a classical type of doorway, the elevation of which is sketched in pencil below. Both plans may contain proposals for restoring the old church. Brown ink and pencil. 14 x 161. Coll: RIBA [Figs6a & 6b]

14 ST ANNE & ST AGNES

Plan, nearly as built. Drawn scale, 3/20in to ift approx. Ink and grey wash. 131 x 16. Coll: RIBA [Fig.7b]

15 ST ANNE & ST AGNES

Half south elevation and half section, corresponding to the foregoing. The elevation is a tripartite design with the cornice describing a segmental curve over the central part. This and other features were varied in execution. The section is taken through the south aisle and shows a Corinthian order with architrave-cornice and a vault over the central space, nearly as built. Same scale as foregoing. Ink. 81 x 12. Coll: RIBA [Fig.7a]

16 ST AUGUSTINE, WATLING STREET

West elevation, nearly as built but with tower not as built. Ins: '5 foot' in upper tower window in black ink. Some alterations to details in the same ink. Drawn scale *in to 1ft. Ink and grey wash. 14 x 9. Coll: RIBA [Fig.8a]

17 ST AUGUSTINE, WATLING STREET

Long section looking south. Nearly as built, but the order is Corinthian or composite instead of Ionic and the architrave springers are absent. A rectangular doorway in the tower is roughly corrected to semicircular in the same black ink as in the foregoing. Ink and wash. 81 x 121. Coll: RIBA [Fig.9a]

34



18 ST AUGUSTINE, WATLING STREET: STUDY FOR LANTERN SUMMERSON:

A lantern in three stages, with openings in the second only. The third consists LONDON

mainly of a pineapple, terminating in a crozier. Not executed. Ins: 'A Lantern'. CHURCHES IN Pencil, grey and yellow (for gold) wash. 21 x 14J. Repd: RIBA Jnl., Feb. 1952, THE BUTE

pl. 129. COLLECTION

Coll: RIBA [Fig. 8b] A similar drawing with many variations is at All Souls (Wren Soc., ix, pl.36).

19 ST BENET, THAMES STREET: DESIGN A (WITH ATTIC)

Plan; section looking west. Both dimensioned. The section shows a Corinthian order without base on a chamfered pier with square plinth; architrave-cornice with attic storey above containing oval windows. Drawn scale, Jin to 1ft. Ink; grey wash on plan only. 18 x 11?. Coll: Mrs Tweet Kimball [Fig. 10]

20 ST BENET, THAMES STREET: DESIGN A (WITH ATTIC) East elevation. Dimensioned. Rusticated pilaster strips as quoins. Drawn scale, Jin to 1ft. Ink and wash; some amendments in pencil. 18 x 11?. Coll: RIBA [Fig.11la]

21 ST BENET, THAMES STREET: DESIGN A (WITH ATTIC) Definitive version of the foregoing, with some variations, notably in the spacing of courses in the pilaster strips. Drawn scale, Iin to ift. Ink and wash, 111 x 171. Coll: Mrs Tweet Kimball [Fig.1llb]

22 ST BENET, THAMES STREET: DESIGN B (WITHOUT ATTIC) East elevation, approximately as built but with rusticated pilaster strips as quoins instead of the alternating brick and stone bands of the existing building. Drawn scale, *in to ift. Ink and wash. 111 x 17. Coll: Mrs Tweet Kimball [Fig. 11c]

23 ST BENET, THAMES STREET: DESIGN B (WITHOUT ATTIC) Section looking west. Corinthian order as in Design A, but with bases, and the piers are moulded as pedestals. Full entablature, breaking over columns at west end. Nearly as built. Drawn scale, 4in to ift. Ink and wash. 111 x 15J. Coll: Mrs Tweet Kimball [Fig.11d]

24 ST BENET, THAMES STREET

Plan, suitable to either Design A or Design B but with a projecting porch with two columns at the south door. Drawn scale, *in to 1 ft. Ink and wash. 18 x 114. Coll: Mrs Tweet Kimball In the All Souls collection are the following drawings for St Benet's: Vol. 1, 59 (Wren Soc., ix, pl. 33): Definitive version of the section, looking west, of Design A with some variations. Vol.1, 63 (Wren Soc., ix, pl.6): South elevation of Design A. Vol.1, 94 (Wren Soc., ix, pl.33): Sections looking east and west, being part of a more refined version of Design B, with impost moulds and architraves to the windows; possibly an early project. 5



ARCHITECTURAL 25 ST BOTOLPH, ALDERSGATE: SURVEY OF DAMAGED CHURCH

IIISTORY 13: 1970 Survey plan of the medieval church, damaged in the Great Fire but repaired and not rebuilt till 1754-57. Compass points and some dimensions. Faint pencil- lings appear to suggest the remodelling of the east end with an apse and the substitution of classical columns for the medieval piers. Ins: on verso ,'St Butroofs, Aldersgate'. Brown ink and wash. 111 x 151. Coil: RIBA [Fig. 16a]

26 ST BRIDE, FLEET STREET: SKETCH FOR TOWER

Bell stage of tower, nearly as built, but with a twelve-sided cupola instead of a

spire. Above, left, a half plan of the cupola showing alternatives: in the 1.h. quarter a sixteen-sided figure, in the r.h. quarter a twelve-sided figure. To r. of this is a small quarter circle divided into parts, possibly an experiment with

alternating pairs of wide and narrow sides. Below this and perhaps related to it is a faint sketch of a more squat version of the cupola. Below this again and to r., a profile of a cornice with another slight profile sketch below. On verso, five sketch diagrams of conic sections one of which is evidently related to the design for a cupola on the recto. All the above are in pencil. The paper is a reused sheet on one side of which (verso in respect of the above) is a plan of a design for the tower of St Anne, Soho (q.v.). 11J x 7J. Coll: Mrs Tweet Kimball [Fig.5]

27 PROJECT FOR ST CLEMENT DANES

Plan of a church of approximately the same overall dimensions as the existing church but with an extension westward of the tower in the form of a vestibule with a four-column portico. The apse and the rounded north-east and south- east corners are features recognizable in the church as built. An alternative square east end with projecting apse is sketched in pencil at the top of the

drawing. Drawn scale, 1/10in to 1ft. Pencil and ink. 21 x 14. Coll: Mrs Tweet Kimball [Fig. 12]

28 PROJECT FOR ST CLEMENT DANES

Elevation of west end and tower of the foregoing. The lower part has Ionic pilasters and portico. In the middle stage of the tower is a pointed window suggesting that the carcase is medieval; this is the case at St Clement Danes, although this window is not now exposed. The bell stage, dome and lantern are similar to those executed at St Peter, Cornhill. Drawn scale, 3/20in to 1ft. Ink and grey wash. 26 x 20. Repd: Sotheby & Co., Catalogue of ... Architectural Drawings, 23 May 1951. (Lot 8, 22). Coll: Mrs Tweet Kimball [Fig. 13]

36



29 ST CLEMENT DANES SUMMERSON:

Plan, nearly as built, with outlines of the site and old church superimposed. LONDON

The length of the new church is indicated as '134', the breadth as '72', dimen- CHURCHES IN sions somewhat larger than the existing building. The canted bays of the ar- THE BUTE cades are shown set out on a curve and there are other variations at the west COLLECTION

end. The circular six-column porch on the south side was executed but sub- sequently removed. Ins: 'Plan St Clements Church' on verso. Ink and grey wash with outline of the old church &c in red ink. 151 x 13. Coll: Mrs Tweet Kimball In the All Souls collection (Vol.2, 55-57; Wren Soc., ix, pl. 12 & 13) are a plan, elevation and two sections. The plan seems to derive from the above but is less carefully drawn and is closer in various respects to the church as built. The elevation and sections do not correspond exactly to either plan.

30 ST DIONIS BACKCHURCH

Long section looking south showing an Ionic colonnade of three bays with full entablature supporting an elliptical barrel vault; semi-circular vaults entering over each bay contain circular openings. The columns scale approx. 15ft centre to centre (in Clayton's plan, 16ft). Scale 3/20in approx. Ink andwash. 121 x 11* Coll: RIBA [Fig.9b]

31. ST DUNSTAN-IN-THE-EAST: TOWER

West elevation, with many variations from tower as built. Pencil, much rubbed. 201 x 15. Probably earlier than the more finished drawing by the same hand in B M, King's Maps (Wren Soc., x, pl.3). Coll: Mrs Tweet Kimball [Fig. 14a]

32 ST EDMUND THE KING, LOMBARD STREET: LANTERN

South elevation, half plan and section with alternative elevation of upper part attached as flap. The plan shows constructional details but the section is unfinished. Some dimensions. The design on the flap is a higher and slimmer version of the first; neither is exactly as built. Drawn scale, 3/10in. Black and red ink and pencil. 21 x 14J. Coll: Mrs Tweet Kimball [Fig. 14b]

33 ST GEORGE, BOTOLPH LANE

Plan, with adjoining sites in outline. Nearly as built. Drawn scale, Win to Ift. Black ink. 161 x 201. Coll: Mrs Tweet Kimball [Fig. 15b]

34 ST GEORGE, BOTOLPH LANE

Section, looking south, corresponding to the foregoing. Corinthian order on high plinths, architrave-cornice and barrel vault with panelled ribs. Truss over main spans between columns shown in broken lines. Grey-brown ink. 10* x 164. Coll: Mrs Tweet Kimball [Fig. 15a]

37



ARCHITECTURAL 35 ST JAMES, PICCADILLY: SITE PLAN

HISTORY 13: 1970 Dimensioned outline plan of ground between Piccadilly and Jermyn Street, including the site of St James's Church. Ins: 'Jarman Street', 'York Street', '372 fot the hole length'. Compass points roughly sketched on church site. 'Ground of St James's Church' on verso. Drawn scale. 1/30in to Ift. Ink. 101 x 15J. Repd: Survey of London, xxx, pl. 8a. Coll: RIBA

36 ST JAMES, PICCADILLY

Plan, nearly as executed. Ins: 'St James'. Identified in two different hands on verso. Drawn scale 1/10in to Ift. Ink, freehand (probably a tracing). 101 x 16j.

Repd: Survey of London, xxx, pl. 86. Coll: RIBA In the All Souls collection (Vol.4, 78 & 79; Wren Soc., ix, pl.35) are early studies of cross section and bay design, with enlarged versions of both (Vol 1, 73 & 74; Wren Soc., ix, pl.35). These are very different from the executed building. In the same collection (Vol.2, 45 & 68; Wren Soc., ix, pl. 16 & 17) are drawings of the west and half of the east elevation approximating to the church as built, but with a dome and lantern on the tower, not built.

37 ST LAWRENCE, JEWRY

Plan, with adjoining sites in outline. Nearly as built. Drawn scale, slightly less than 1/10in to 1ft. Black ink. 11 x 171. Coil: RIBA [Fig. 16b]

38 ST MAGNUS THE MARTYR

Plan, not as executed, showing nave separated from aisles by colonnades of six columns each. Some dimensions, including those of the intervals between the columns which vary from 9ft 7in to 8ft 2in, the narrowest interval being on the axial centre of the north fagade. A different arrangement is tentatively sketched in pencil, diagonal lines emphasizing a square area of the nave on the same axis. Slight indications in pencil of pilastered portal at west doorway. Scale (derived from figured dimensions), 3/20in to 1 ft. Ink and wash and some

pencil. 17 x 221. Repd: RIBA Jnl., Feb. 1952, p. 127. Coll: RIBA [Fig. 18b]

39 ST MAGNUS THE MARTYR

Long section, looking north, corresponding with the foregoing and showing Ionic colonnades carrying a low clerestory and flat beamed ceiling. Only the lower part of the tower is included. Some dimensions. Scale as before. Ink and wash and some pencil. 11 x 19t. Repd: RIBA Jnl., Feb. 1952, p. 127. Coll: RIBA [Fig. 18a]



40 ST MAGNUS THE MARTYR SUMMERSON:

Section looking east, nearly as built. Semicircular barrel-vault with lunettes LONDON North and South of square central area. Design for the lunettes is sketched in CHURCHES IN the top 1.h. corner, with alternative treatments. Only the 1.h. half of the section THE BUTE

is completed. One of the roof trusses is shown. Drawn scale, 3/20in to Ift. COLLECTION Brown ink and pencil. 101 x 16j. Repd: RIBA Jnl., Feb. 1952, p. 127. Coll: RIBA [Fig. 19]

41 ST MAGNUS THE MARTYR: PROJECT FOR SPIRE

Half plan and elevation of a twelve-sided spire of eight stages, seven of which consist of piers and arches. Ins: 'Bridgfoot'; on verso, 'St Magness Bridgefoot'. Some dimensions. Scale approx. 1/5in to Ift. Pencil. 17 x 13. Coll: RIBA [Fig. 17] In the All Souls collection (Vol. 1, 64; Wren Soc., ix, pl.37) is an elevation of the west end of the church with attached Ionic portico. For notes on the develop- ment of the design see J. Summerson, 'Drawings for the London City Churches' RIBA Jnl., Feb. 1952, pp. 126-127.

42 ST MARTIN, LUDGATE

Section looking south. Nearly as built but about 4ft narrower and with a semicircular instead of a segmental vault, making the internal height about 5ft lower. Drawn scale, 1/10in to ift. Ink and grey wash. 101 x 151. Coll: RIBA [Fig.21a] In the All Souls collection (Vol.2, 50; Wren Soc., ix, pl. 18) is a west elevation nearly as built but not corresponding with the above.

43 ST MARY ABCHURCH: PROJECT Plan for a church about 14ft narrower from north to south and about 10ft longer from east to west than the existing. A central space is defined by pairs of columns on north and south, a pair in antis at the west, with corresponding pilasters on the east wall. Drawn scale, 1/10in to ift. Ink and grey wash. 91 x 13. Coll: RIBA [Fig.20a] In the All Souls collection (vol. 1, 61; Wren Soc., ix, pl.35, where the drawing is queried as for St Lawrence Jewry) is a section looking east, corresponding with the above.

44 ST MARY-LE-BOW

Section looking east, generally as built but with many variations. Scale not given but approximately *in to 1 ft. Ink and grey wash. 101 x 16. Coll: RIBA [Fig.23a] Appears to correspond with exterior elevation of east front in All Souls collection (Vol. 1, 75; Wren Soc., ix, pl.22). Another elevation of the same at All Souls (Vol.1, 66; Wren Soc., ix, pl.34) is probably earlier. Also at All Souls (Vol.2, 47; Wren Soc., ix, pl.23) is an early design for the tower.

39



ARCHITECTURAL 45 ST MARY-LE-BOW WITH PROJECT FOR ARCADE

HISTORY 13: 1970 Perspective from north-west showing the vaulted Doric arcade of two bays and the arcaded attic storey, proposed to be built eastward ofthe tower. Ins :'Basilica sive Templum / sanctae Mariae ab Arcubus / apud Londinenses / cum...' On verso, 'Mr Wren [Sir Christopher's son] 1721 / May 15'. On a flap covering the recto inscription is a plan of the church and arcade with drawn scale. Drawn by Nicholas Hawksmoor for the engraving by Hulsbergh (Wren Soc., xviii, pl. 21). Pencil and wash. 28 x 19J. Coll: RIBA [Fig. 22]

46 ST MICHAEL, QUEENHITHE

Section looking east, nearly as built. Drawn scale, 1/10in to 1ft. Ink and grey wash. 141 x 91. Coll: RIBA [Fig.21b]

47 ST MICHAEL, QUEENHITHE: SPIRE

Elevation of a panelled obelisk on a square pedestal bearing a clock dial. The dimensions are suitable to the upper part of the spire of this church. On verso, beginnings of a plan, sundry profiles, two faint sketches which appear to repre- sent two dials on a pedestal, and some figures, all in pencil. Drawn scale. Ink and grey wash. 161 x 10J. Coll: RIBA [Fig.21c]

48 ST NICHOLAS COLE ABBEY

Plan, with adjoining building sites in outline. In general, resembling the executed building but 9ft narrower allowing for a passage of this width on the south side of the church. Drawn scale, slightly less than Win to 1 ft. Black ink. 22 x 17. Coll: RIBA [Fig.20b]

49 ST NICHOLAS COLE ABBEY

Plan as built, on site extending over passage shown in the foregoing. Some dimensions. On verso, profile of an attic base, with full and curtailed versions, lightly sketched in pencil. Drawn scale, Win to 1ft. Black ink. 141 x 20J. Coll: RIBA

50 ST NICHOLAS COLE ABBEY North elevation. Unfinished drawing, showing the body of the church nearly as built, with a tentative setting up of the tower and spire. Same scale as the foregoing. Pencil and black ink. 141 x 20J. Coll: RIBA

51 ST PETER, CORNHILL: SURVEY OF DESTROYED CHURCH

Dimensioned plan of walls at ground level. Ins: 'Gratious Street' on east, 'wakers howse' and 'Church yard' on south, 'peeters Alley' on west and 'Corn Hill' on north. Drawn scale. Grey-brown ink. 13k x 16. Coll: RIBA [Fig.24a]

40



52 ST PETER, CORNHILL

Plan, nearly as executed but without porch. Ins: 'St Pet: Cornhill' and another identification on verso. Drawn scale 1/10in to ift. Ink and grey wash. 94 x 14. Coll: RIBA [Fig. 24b] In the All Souls collection (Vol. 1, 77; Wren Soc., ix, pl.29) is an east elevation of the church corresponding with this plan.

53 ST PETER, CORNHILL: PORCH Elevation of porch on north side, nearly as built. Faintly sketched voussoirs and relieving arch. A circular window, not executed, is shown above the porch. Ins: 'St Peeter's Porch' on verso. Drawn scale, jin to 1ft. Ink with some pencil. 181 x 12?. Coll: RIBA [Fig.25a]

54 ST STEPHEN, WALBROOK

Section, looking east, 1. half through dome, r. half through nave. Generally as built but with significant variations. On the left is a section through a Doric colonnade with a high Ionic porch beyond, features which were not built. Below the main drawing is a sketch of one bay of a camerated ceiling and window. Ins: 'St Stevens, Walbrook' on verso. Scale 1/10in to 1ft. Ink and pencil 141 x 11. Repd: RIBA Jnl., Feb 1952, p. 126. Coll: RIBA [Fig.26a]


Unfinished north elevation, showing the dome and lantern and, very faintly, the Ionic porch and Doric colonnades, all corresponding with the foregoing. Two figured dimensions. Drawn scale, 1/10in to 1 ft. Pencil, the upper part only completed in ink. 11 x 174. Redrawn version repd: RIBA ]nl., Feb. 1952, p. 126. Coll: RIBA


Section, looking east, 1. half through dome, r. half through nave. Details are closer to executed version than in previous section. Ins: 'Sect. St Stephen's, Walbrook' on verso. Drawn scale, 3/20in approx. Ink. 141 x 20. Coll: RIBA [Fig.26b]

57 ST SWITHIN, CANNON STREET

Plan, generally as built but with significant variations, especially as regards the domed space which is planned as a flattened octagon instead of a regular octagon. Ink. 121 x 94. Coll: RIBA [Fig.23b]

58 UNIDENTIFIED CHURCH Plan of a church with 50ft frontage to a street marked 'Labor in Vain Hill', sides measuring 88ft and tower 20ft square, standing in a churchyard with 'Ministers House' adjoining both church and street and sites marked 'Building' on two other sides of the churchyard. The plan is of a rectangular building with seven windows on the free side and three windows (one large) at each end. The walls

SUMMERSON:

LONDON

CHURCHES IN

THE BUTE

COLLECTION

41



ARCHITECTURAL

HISTORY 13: 1970

are only about 2ft 2in thick and there are no internal supports. The tower has thick walls and is probably ancient. Ogilby & Morgan's map of 1677 gives Labor in vain Yard, east of Benet's Hill in the parish of St Benet, Paul's Wharf. As 'St Bennets Pauls Wharf' is written on the verso the plan would seem to be for that church. It is, however, much too big for the site. An earlier inscription on the verso reads 'To Mr Thomas Cornweall / in Burford in Oxfordshier / These pr: sent' and 'Thomas Cornewell' is written elsewhere on the verso. The plan was probably sent to Cornewell, a mason, in the first instance. However, the verso also bears the name of'Will. Kempster' another Burford Mason, with the

inscription 'wharefore do ye heathen [continuation deleted]'. On the verso also are sundry profiles and figures. The crudity of the plan makes any con- nection with Wren's office unlikely. Its purpose remains doubtful. Ink. 151 x

121. Coll: RIBA [Fig.25b]

59 DESIGNS FOR SPIRES

Two partly finished sketches for pyramidal spires surmounting towers with

parapets: (1) spire of ten stages, square on plan, alternate stages being pierced by rows of narrow openings, the others solid and panelled; an ornament at the summit. To r. of this, (2) a spire as a pyramid of 32 steps rising from a pedestal, each step with a moulded nosing; a ball at the summit. Ins: on verso, 'Scitches of Towers'. Pencil. 191 x 141. Coll: RIBA

42



Fig. la All Hallows, Upper Thames Street: survey of destroyed church (1)

Fig. lb All Hallows, Upper Thames Street (2)



Fig. 2a Christ Church, Newgate Street: design A (3)

Fig.2b Christ Church, NewSate Street: design A (4)



Fig.3a Christ Church, Newgate Street: design B (5) Fig.3b Christ Church, Newgate Street: design C (8)

Fig.3c Christ Church, Newgate Street: design C (7)



Fig.4a St Anne, Soho (12) Fig. 4b St Anne, Soho: design for east end (11)

Fig.4c St Anne, Soho (10a)



Fig. 5 St Bride, Fleet Street: sketch for tower (26)



Fig. 6a St Anne & St Agnes: survey of destroyed church (13)

Fig. 6b St Anne & St Agnes: survey of destroyed church (13)



Fig.7a St Anne & St Agnes (15)

Fig. 7b St Anne & St Agnes (14)



Fig. 8a St Augustine, Watling Street (16) Fig.8b St Augustine, Watling Street: study for lantern (18)



Fig. 9a St AuSustine, Watling Street (17)

Fig.9b St Dionis, Backchurch (30)



Fig. 10 St Benet, Thames Street: design A (with attic) (19)



Fig. 1 la St Benet, Thames Street: design A

(with attic) (20) Fig. 1 lb St Benet, Thames Street: design A

(with attic) (21)

Fig. Ilc St Benet, Thames Street: design B

(without attic) (22) Fig. lid St Benet, Thames Street: design B

(without attic) (23)



Fig. 12 Project for St Clement Danes (27)



Fig. 13 Project for St Clement Danes (28)



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Fig. 14b St Edmund the King, Lombard Street: lantern (32)



Fig. 15a St George, Botolph Lane (34)

Fig. 15b St George, Botolph Lane (33)



Fig. 16a St Botolph, Aldersgate: survey of damaged church (25)

Fig. 16b St Lawrence, Jewry (37)



Fig. 17 St Magnus the Martyr: project for spire (41)



Fig. 18a St Magnus the Martyr (39)

Fig. 18b St Magnus the Martyr (38)



Fig. 19 St Magnus the Martyr (40)



Fig.20a St Mary Abchurch: project (43)

Fig. 20b St Nicholas Cole Abbey (48)



Fig. 21a St Martin, LudSate (42)

Fig. 21b St Michael, Queenhithe (46) Fig. 21c St Michael, Queenhithe: spire (47)



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Fig. 22 St Mary-le-Bow with project for arcade (45)



Fig.23a St Mary-le-Bow (44)

Fig.23b St Swithun, Cannon Street (57)



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Fig.24a St Peter, Cornhill: survey of destroyed church (51)

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Fig.25a St Peter, Cornhill (53)

Fig.25b Unidentified church (58)



Fig. 26a St Stephen, Walbrook (54)

Fig.26b St Stephen, Walbrook (56)



drawings of london churches in the bute collection: a catalogue

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