Drawing and Naming Straight Hydrocarbons.notebook

1

January 23, 2017

May 1­6:41 PM

Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Aromatic Hydrocarbons are made up of a chain of carbon molecules that forms a ring

Most common aromatic is benzene

Benzene, C6H6, is made up of a 6 carbon chain which forms a ring of alternating single and double bonds

May 2­12:45 PM

Properties of Hydrocarbons

Saturated and Unsaturated Hydrocarbons

Saturated hydrocarbons have only single bonds and are "saturated" with hydrogen atoms, all carbon bonds are filled

Unsaturated hydrocarbons have double or triple bonds within the molecule

Alkanes

AlkenesAlkynesAromatics

Drawing and Naming Straight Hydrocarbons.notebook

2

January 23, 2017

May 2­12:52 PM

Properties of Organic MoleculesMany hydrocarbons have isomers

Isomers - molecules that have the same molecular formula but a different structural formula

Isomers of hydrocarbons differ in the length of the carbon chain or the position of a double or triple bond

Ex. C4H10 is an alkane that has 2 isomers

May 2­1:08 PM

Drawing, Identifying & Naming Hydrocarbons

Aim: To be able to name and draw straight chain hydrocarbons

Drawing and Naming Straight Hydrocarbons.notebook

3

January 23, 2017

Apr 25­6:23 PM

Drawing HydrocarbonsWhen drawing hydrocarbons the most important thing is to make sure that all carbon atoms have 4 bonds!!

Drawing alkanes  ­ all elements in the molecule are connected by single bonds

The easiest way to draw an alkane is to make a  straight chain  of carbon atoms  then fill in the hydrogens to give all carbons 4 bonds.

hexane

octane

butane

pentane

C4H10 C6H14

C5H12 C8H18

Apr 25­6:23 PM

Drawing HydrocarbonsDrawing alkenes ­ place the double bond after the # of the carbon atom in the name. 

All other elements in the molecule are connected by single bonds2­butene 1­propene

ethene 2­penteneC2H4 C5H10

C4H8 C3H6

Drawing and Naming Straight Hydrocarbons.notebook

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January 23, 2017

Apr 25­6:23 PM

Drawing HydrocarbonsDrawing alkynes ­ place the triple bond after the # of the carbon atom in the name.

All other elements in the molecule are connected by single bonds

2­butyne 2­pentyne

3­hexyne  3­octyneC6H10 C8H14

C4H6 C5H8

Apr 25­7:33 PM

Naming AlkanesName Alkanes1) Determine the carbon chain length or the number of carbons.2) Find the prefix on table P that represents the chain length3) Add an ­ane to the ending.

C3H8a) b) c)C5H12

pentanepropane

octane

Drawing and Naming Straight Hydrocarbons.notebook

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January 23, 2017

May 2­5:26 PM

Naming Alkenes1) Determine the carbon chain length or the number of carbons2) Find the prefix on table P that represents the chain length3) Add an ­ene to the ending.4) Identify the carbon that the double bond is attached to. Write the number in the beginning of the name.

a)

b)

c)

d)

2­pentene

1­propene

1­heptene

2­butene

May 2­5:26 PM

Naming Alkynes1) Determine the carbon chain length or the number of carbons2) Find the prefix on table P that represents the chain length3) Add an ­yne to the ending.4) Identify the carbon that the triple bond is attached to. Write the number in the beginning of the name.

a)

b)

c)

d)

2­butyne 1­propyne

4­octyne 2­pentyne