draft - future saudi cities...a big ongoing project is the 1,000-bed prince muhammed bin abdulaziz...

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S K A K A C P I P R O F I L E2016

S K A K A C P I P RO F I L E2016

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CONTENTS 02

LIST OF TABLES 03

LIST OF FIGURES 03

ABBREVIATIONS 03

INTRODUCTION 04

OVERVIEW OF THE CITY 05

Geography and Location 05

Demographic Background of the City 05

Socio-Economic Background of the City 05

Trend on Urban Growth and Existing Spatial Plans 05

The City Prosperity Index - Assessment 07

The Overall City Prosperity Index for Sakaka 07

THE CITY PROSPERITY INDEX (CPI) - ASSESSMENT 07

Figure 4: Productivity Indicators 08

Analysis of the Productivity Index (PI) 08

Analysis of the Infrastructure Development Index (IDI) 09

Analysis of Quality of Life Index (QoLI) 10

Analysis of Equity and Social Inclusion Index (ESII) 12

Analysis of Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI) 13

Analysis of Legislation and Governance Dimension 13

SWOT Analysis based on City Prosperity Index 14

LOCAL URBAN OBSERVATORIES 15

About to Urban Observatories 15

SAKAKA – Local Urban Observatory. 15

Performance of the Observatory 15

REFERENCES 16


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ABBREVIATIONS

LIST OF TABLES

LIST OF FIGURES

KSA Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaCPI City Prosperity IndexLUO Local Urban ObservatoriesSWOT Analysis Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats AnalysisUN-Habitat United Nations Human Settlements ProgrammeMOMRA Ministry of Municipality and Rural AffairsFSCP Future Saudi Cities Programme GIS Geographic Information SystemGUO Global Urban Observatory NUO National Urban ObservatoryMDGs Millennium Development GoalsPI Productivity Index IDI Infrastructure Development IndexQoLI Quality of Life Index ESII Equity and Social Inclusion Index ESI Environmental Sustainability Index GLI Governance and Legislation Index

Table 1: Productivity Index (46.8%) 08Table 2: Infrastructure Development Index (59.5%) 09Table 3: Quality of Life Index (65.2%) 11Table 4: Equity and Social Inclusion Index (61.3%) 12Table 5: Environmental Sustainability Index (30.5%) 13Table 6: CPI Based SWOT Analysis 14

Figure 1: Land use and Urban Growth Limit 06Figure 2: Scale of Urban Prosperity 07Figure 3: City Prosperity Index Dimensions 08Figure 4: The Infrastructure Development Indicators 08Figure 5: The Infrastructure Development Indicators 10Figure 6: Quality of Life Indicators 11Figure 7: Equity and Social Inclusion Indicators. 12Figure 8: Environmental Sustainability Indicators 13

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INTRODUCTION

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Source: General Commission for Tourism & Antiquities

The United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-

HABITAT) and Ministry of Municipal and Rural Affairs in the

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (MOMRA) jointly launched UN-

HABITAT Saudi Arabia Programme titled “ Future Saudi

Cities Programme (FSCP)”. The UN-HABITAT Office provides

technical support to the MOMRA and targets 17 key cities

in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The cities include Riyadh,

Makkah, Jeddah, Taif, Medina, Tabouk, Dammam, Qatif, Ihsa,

Abha, Najran, Jazan, Hail, Araar, AlBaha, Buraydah, and Sakaka,

to respond to national and local urban challenges.

UN- Habitat provides a new approach for measuring urban

prosperity: which is holistic, integrated and essential for the

promotion and monitoring of socio-economic development,

inclusion and progressive realization of the urban-related

human rights for all. This new approach redirects cities to

function towards a path of an urban future that is economically,

politically, socially and environmentally prosperous. The new

approach or monitoring framework, The Cities Prosperity

Index (CPI), is a multidimensional framework that integrates

six carefully selected dimensions and several indicators

that relate to factors and conditions necessary for a city to

thrive and prosper. The six dimensions include productivity,

infrastructure development, equity and social inclusion,

environmental sustainability, and urban governance. The

CPI uses the concept of The Wheel of Urban Prosperity and

the Scale of Urban Prosperity to enable stakeholders to assess

achievements in cities. The City Prosperity Index (CPI) not only

provide indices and measurements relevant to cities, but it is

also an assessment tool that enables city authorities as well

as local and national stakeholders, to identify opportunities

and potential areas of intervention for their cities to become

more prosperous.

Under the umbrella of FSCP, The UN-HABITAT and MOMRA

in cooperation with the city administration and the Local

Urban Observatory, have been working on developing urban

statistics and spatial information (Geographic Information

System) to provide relevant urban information that strongly

support decision-making process on urban development and

urban planning in the city.

This CPI Profile Report applies the CPI framework and provide

a summary of the basic information and urban statistics about

the City and gives an overview of the city’s achievements,

opportunities and potential areas that contribute to

its prosperity in areas such productivity, infrastructure

development, equity and social inclusion, environmental

sustainability and urban governance and legislation.



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Sakaka city is the provincial capital of the Al Jouf region, the

seat of the Governor, the local council, and branches of various

governmental departments. The city and the entire Al Jouf

region is Saudi Arabia’s northern gateway, linking Syria and

Iraq with the Arabia peninsula.

The history of Sakaka dates back more than 5000 years; it has

numerous Arab archeological monuments of the city’s past.

G E O G R A P H Y A N D LO C AT I O N

Sakaka city is located at the northern tip of the Greater Nufud

desert, spreading over an area of about 100 square kilometers.

The city is located 980 kilometers North of Riyadh and 1286

kilometers North of Jeddah. The city of Sakaka has a desert

climate; this location is classified as climate (BWh) by Köppen

and Geiger, meaning hot desert climate. In Sakaka, there is

either very little or virtually no rainfall during the year, most

precipitation falls in April, with an average of 13 mm.

The average annual temperature is about 22.6 °C, during

winter the lowest temperature is about 15 °C and the highest

in summer is about 40 °C. The city is located 566 m (1,857 ft)

above the sea level.

D E M O G R A P H I C B AC KG RO U N D O F T H E C I T Y

Sakaka governorate which comprises the city has a population

of about 280,000 inhabitants; this is about 57% of the total

population of Al Jouf region. According to the estimation of

the Central Department of Statistics and Information, the

total population in Al Jouf region amounted to about 495,

000 representing about 1.6% of the total population of the

Kingdom, which amounted to about 30.8 million people in

2014. The number of Saudi population in Sakaka is about 70%

of the city population. The geographical distribution of the city

population is about 4952 persons per square kilometer, and

the number of persons per household is 5.5.

S O C I O - E C O N O M I C B AC KG RO U N D O F T H E C I T Y

The city of Sakaka is famous for its hand-woven carpet industry.

About 20Km to the west of Sakaka is the city of Domat Al

Jandal, with its numerous orchards and agricultural fields,

which are surrounded by high mountainous slopes. Domat Al

Jandal is famous for the manufacture of swords, daggers, and

carpets. The region also produces large amounts of wheat and

has 230,000 date palms. Sakaka is the trading hub of all the

produce in the region.

T R E N D O N U R B A N G RO W T H A N D E X I S T I N G S PAT I A L P L A N S

In recent years, the Saudi government has been investing

heavily in the Al-Jawf region, especially in the city of Sakaka.

The region has lagged behind, and there is a deliberate attempt

by the government to bring the city to par with other similar

cities in the kingdom. For this reason, the city is full of new

government buildings, schools & hospitals, etc. They are built

adjacent to crumbling ruins of older buildings that are being

replaced or repaired. One major feature of the city is the rapidly

expanding Al Jouf University, founded in 2005. Now Sakaka is

a small but expanding city with lots of construction in progress.

A big ongoing project is the 1,000-bed Prince Muhammed

Bin Abdulaziz Medical City, which is under construction. The

city of Sakaka covers an area of about 100km2, built up area

of the city is about 57Km2. Out of the built up area, 58% are

built up density area while 38% are open spaces and 4% are

still vacant land.


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T H E C I T Y P RO S P E R I T Y I N D E X - A S S E S S M E N T

Prosperity is about successfully meeting today’s needs without compromising tomorrow and working together for a smart competitive economy, in a socially inclusive society and a healthy, vibrant environment for individuals, families, and communities. In order to measure the current and future progress of cities on the road to prosperity, UN-Habitat introduced a monitoring framework: The Cities Prosperity Index. This index, along with a conceptual matrix, The Wheel of Urban Prosperity, are intended to help decision-makers and partners to use existing evidence and formulate clear policy interventions for their cities. The UN-Habitat’s Cities Prosperity Index (CPI) allows authorities and local groups to identify opportunities and potential areas for action or adjustments in order to make their cities more prosperous.

The City Prosperity Index (CPI) is a multidimensional measurement framework that integrates several dimensions and indicators that are not only related but have a direct and indirect influence on each other on the path to prosperity. These components are embodied in the following six dimensions: Productivity, Infrastructure Development, Quality of life, Equity and social inclusion, Environmental sustainability, and Governance and legislation. The chart below shows the six-point scale of urban prosperity.

This section applies the CPI framework, the concept of the Wheel of Urban Prosperity and the Scale of Urban Prosperity to conduct an assessment of the level of prosperity in the city. The assessment provides an indication of the strengths or weaknesses in the factors of prosperity (using the scale of urban prosperity); it also provides an indication of the level of achievement towards the set prosperity goals called benchmarks (through the CPI scores); and highlights whether there are disparities between and within the six dimensions of prosperity (Wheel of Urban Prosperity-stressing balance).

An in-depth analysis of the findings will help to identify which particular indicators and sub-dimensions contribute to high or low values in each of the dimensions and the CPI scores.

T H E OV E R A L L C I T Y P RO S P E R I T Y I N D E X F O R S A K A K A

The findings displayed in the chart below shows that the city

of Sakaka has weak factors of prosperity. An overall prosperity

index score of 49.4% means more need to be done to put the

city on the path to prosperity. The CPI was estimated using five

dimensions due to lack of sufficient data for the governance

dimension, out of the five dimensions three are weak and two

are moderately strong. Based on the concept of Wheel of urban

prosperity, the prosperity of cities require a good balance of all

the dimensions to avoid undesirable disparities in the society.

The weak rating, therefore, suggests that the city has weak

and unbalanced dimensions of prosperity. These observations

may even extend to the sub-dimensions within the moderately

strong dimensions. The radar chart below is based on the wheel

concept and illustrates how disparity distorts the functionally of

a city and creates deprived population segments within the city.

The analysis in the subsequent sections will go in-depth into

the dimensions of prosperity and identify areas of strengths

and weaknesses and even highlights opportunities and threats

to inform the formulation of appropriate interventions.

T H E C I T Y P RO S P E R I T Y I N D E X (C P I ) - A S S E S S M E N T

ା Figure 2: Scale of Urban Prosperity

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Sub-Dimension Indicator Actual Units Standardized Comments

Economic Growth (72.4%)

City Product per Capita 19,552.00 USD (PPP)/Inhab 65.8% M. Strong

Mean Household Income 29,622.00 USD(PPP) 60.6% M. Strong

Old Age Dependency Ratio 3.72 % 90.8% V. Strong

Employment (56.6%)

Employment to Population Ratio 51.94 % 48.2% Weak

Informal Employment 17.40 % 90.0% V. Strong

Unemployment Rate 12.76 % 31.5% V. Weak

Economic Agglomeration (11.3%) Economic Density 96,824,965 USD (PPP)/km2 11.3% V. Weak

ା Table 1: Productivity Index (46.8%)

ା Figure 3: City Prosperity Index Dimensions A N A LY S I S O F T H E P RO D U C T I V I T Y I N D E X ( P I )

The productivity dimension measures the level of efficiency by which cities creates wealth and how they contribute to economic growth and development. It provides information on how cities generate income, create employment, and provides equal opportunities and adequate living standards to its entire population. The city of Sakakah has an overall productivity index of 46.8%; this means that the city is weak according to the prosperity scale. It also means that despite having strong economic growth indicators, it has some weak areas which need to be addressed to make the city’s productivity structure balanced and efficient. Some of the weak areas include employment indicators (56.6%) and economic agglomeration indicators with 11.3%. The main sources of strength are within the economic growth sub-dimension with 72.4%. The low spatial distribution of productivity can be associated with the urban sprawl of the city; urban sprawl has the effect of draining the economy of a city.

F I G U R E 4 : P RO D U C T I V I T Y I N D I C ATO R S

More specifically, the good economic fundamentals in the

city can be attributed to high city GDP, high mean household

income and low old age dependency ratio, all with scores above

60%. The employment situation in the city is moderately weak

due to low employment to population ratio (48.2%) and high

unemployment rate (31.5%). The chart below clearly shows

the disparities among the indicators of productivity. It clearly

indicates that to bring balance and increase efficiency in the

productivity of the city; more focus should be put on how to

increase the population to employment ratio, how to reduce

the unemployment rate and how to increase economic density.

ା Figure 4: The Infrastructure Development Indicators


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A N A LY S I S O F T H E I N F R A S T RU C T U R E D E V E LO P M E N T I N D E X ( I D I )

Extensive growth of cities of the 21st century both in area

and population threatens the delivery of basic services to city

residents. Well developed and efficient infrastructure ensures

that good, services, people, and communication reach all corners

of the city promptly. The infrastructure development dimension

measures how cities use available resources to deploy a

functional and efficient infrastructure. Physical assets and

services such as piped clean water, sewerage, electricity, road

network, ICT are essential in supporting the city population and

economy. The city of Sakaka has an infrastructure development

index of 51.7%, therefore, according to the global scale of

prosperity, it is moderately weak. The general weakness of

the infrastructure dimension is attributed to weak housing

infrastructure (52%), weak social infrastructure (23%), and

weak ICT infrastructure (56%).

The strong sub-dimensions include the urban mobility

infrastructure with 60%, and street connectivity infrastructures

(68%).


Housing Infrastructure (51.8%)

Access to Electricity 100.00 % 100.0% V. Strong

Access to Improved Sanitation 49.60 % 40.7% Weak

Access to Improved Water 68.60 % 37.2% V. Weak

Access to Improved Shelter 83.50 % 0.0% V. Weak

Population Density 4,952.18 Inhab/Km2 33.0% V. Weak

Sufficient Living Area 90.00 % 100.0% V. Strong

Social Infrastructure (22.9%)

Number of Public Libraries 0.36 #/100,000 inhab. 0.0% V. Weak

Physician Density 1.76 #/1,000 inhab. 45.8% Weak

ICT (55.7%)

Average Broadband Speed - Mbps - -

Home Computer Access 51.20 % 51.2% M. Weak

Internet Access 60.10 % 60.1% M. Strong

Urban Mobility (59.9%)

Average Daily Travel Time 15.60 minutes 100.0% V. Strong

Affordability of Transport 0.00 % 100.0% V. Strong

Length of Mass Transport Network 0.00 Km/1M Inhab. 0.0% V. Weak

Road Safety (traffic fatalities) 1.20 #/100,000 inhab. 99.3% V. Strong

Use of Public Transport 0.00 % 0.0% V. Weak

Street Connectivity (68.3%)

Intersection Density 90.67 #/km2 90.7% V. Strong

Land Allocated to Streets 21.43 % 51.4% M. Weak

Street Density 12.57 Km/KM2 62.9% M. Strong

ା Table 2: Infrastructure Development Index (59.5%)


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ା Figure 5: The Infrastructure Development Indicators

All the indicators under housing infrastructure are weak

except access to electricity and sufficient living area. Social

infrastructure indicators are also very weak; the city has a

negligible number of public libraries compared to its large

population and an inadequate number of physicians in the

health sector. The ICT infrastructure has strength in the level

of access to the internet (60.1%) and weak access to home

computers (51.2%); Internet speeds may also need to be

checked.

The main problems the city is facing regarding urban mobility

is a lack of mass public transport system and low usage of the

available public transport system, all the other indicators are

very strong. Street connectivity in the city is good, but land

allocated to streets is still low. The bar chart below shows the

level of disparity between the indicators of the infrastructure

development. It displays the weak indicators which need to

be improved while holding the strong factors constant, to

enable the city to attain higher levels of prosperity. Some

of the indicators which need urgent attention include the

following: access to improved water, improved sanitation, and

improved shelter, increase population densities, the number of

public libraries, physician density in the health sector, access

to home computers, internet speed, mass transport system,

affordability of public transport, use of public transport and

land allocated to streets.

A N A LY S I S O F Q UA L I T Y O F L I F E I N D E X (Q O L I )

The quality of life refers to the well-being, happiness, having a

sense of security and good health of individuals and the society.

The quality of life dimension measures the cities achievements

in the provision of important amenities such as social services,

education, health, recreation, safety and security required

support good quality of life. The general quality of life in the city

of Sakaka is moderately high with QoLI score of 65.2%; the high

quality of life in the city can be attributed to the good health

care system with 78.1% and very good safety and security with

94.4%. The city is doing well in the health care provision; this

has led to higher life expectancy compared to previous years,

and the city also extensive vaccination coverage. Safety and

security in the city is exceptionally good, and this is attributed

to the efforts made to keep homicide at the negligible level and

very low number of theft cases in the city. The city, however,

has weak areas such education provision (49.7%) and provision

of public spaces in the city (38.7%). The weaknesses observed

in the provision of education services are attributed to the low

enrolment in early childhood education and low net enrolment

in higher education.

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From the heights of the bars in the chart below it is clear that

there are inequalities between the indicators of quality of life.

The city has both weak and strong indicators in equal number,

to improve the quality of life the city, a decrease in the level of

disparities is required. This will mean addressing the issue of

under-five mortality rate, early childhood education, increase

net enrolment in higher education, increase green area per

capita and ensure accessibility to the public spaces.


Health (78.1%)

Life Expectancy at Birth 68.00 years 55.1% M. Strong

Eradicate Maternal Mortality 0.00 #/100,000 live births 100.0% V. Strong

Eradicate Under-5 Mortality 14.60 #/1000 live births 57.1% M. Weak

Vaccination Coverage 100.00 % 100.0% V. Strong

Education (49.7%)

Early Childhood Education 8.12 % 8.1% V. Weak

Net Enrolment in Higher Education 53.83 % 53.8% M. Weak

Literacy Rate 88.90 % 87.0% V. Strong

Mean Years of Schooling - % - -

Safety and Security (94.4%)

Homicide Rate 2.14 #/100,000 inhab. 89.7% V. Strong

Theft Rate 28.23 #/100,000 inhab. 99.0% V. Strong

Public Space (38.7%)

Green Area per Capita 5.80 m2 / inhabitant 38.7% V. Weak

Accessibility to Open Public Space - % - -

ା Table 3: Quality of Life Index (65.2%)

ା Figure 6: Quality of Life Indicators


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A N A LY S I S O F E Q U I T Y A N D S O C I A L I N C L U S I O N I N D E X ( E S I I )

Cities which are socially inclusive and economically equitable

are more likely to be more productive and have higher living

standards than cities with widespread marginalisation. The

equity and social inclusion dimension measure how cities

distribute the benefits of prosperity among the inhabitants.

Cities with segments of their population living in poverty,

deprivation, and marginalisation are not yet prosperous

regardless of their level of productivity and infrastructural

development. The findings show that the city of Sakaka is fairly

an inclusive city. With ESII score of 61.3%, the city’s rating is

moderately strong, meaning a fairly equitable and inclusive

city. The main sources of strength are in gender inclusion and

social inclusion with 61.7% and 66.7% respectively.


Economic Inclusion (55.5%) Poverty Rate 5.70 % 55.5% M. Weak

Social Inclusion (61.7%)

Slum Households 0.50 % 99.4% V. Strong

Youth Unemployment 36.10 % 23.9% V. Weak

Gender Inclusion (66.7%)

Equitable Secondary School Enrollment 0.88 0 - ∞ 88.3% V. Strong

Women in local government 37.12 % 74.2% Strong

Women in the workforce 18.72 % 37.4% V. Weak

ା Table 4: Equity and Social Inclusion Index (61.3%)

ା Figure 7: Equity and Social Inclusion Indicators.

Since the city has very high youth unemployment rate and

moderately high poverty rate, as well as a fewer number of

women in the workforce, it means all the sub-dimensions have

problems to be addressed. The high unemployment rate among

the youth and a low number of women the workforce are the

principal challenges the city is facing.

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A N A LY S I S O F E N V I RO N M E N TA L S U S TA I N A B I L I T Y I N D E X ( E S I )

The environment is the biggest resource for every city,

preserving it is central to the very survival, growth and

continuous existence of the city itself. Extensive growth of

cities both geographically and population wise often lead to

environmental degradation. Cities need to ensure that as they

grow and develop, the city’s environment is not depleted or

degraded but remains healthy and liveable; the city’s natural

assets and resources are preserved for posterity and the sake of

sustainable urbanization. The findings in the table below show

that the city performs very poorly in ensuring a balanced and

sustainable environment; the city has an ESI score of 30.5%

which gives it a very weak rating. Like all other cities in Saudi,

Sakaka does not have renewable sources of energy.

The other challenge the city is facing is recycling of solid

waste, although the waste collection is very well managed,

waste recycling need to be established and well managed to

avoid ending up with unmanageable landfills of garbage. The

figure below shows that share of renewable energy and waste

recycling both have 0%.

A N A LY S I S O F L E G I S L AT I O N A N D G OV E R N A N C E D I M E N S I O N

Good governance and legislation is vital for the success of

any city. Increasing space for more citizen participation in

electoral processes, access to information and strengthening

public institutions to have proper accountability, checks, and

balances can go a long way in making a city more and more

prosperous. All processes of governance and legislation need

financing. Therefore, cities need to put measures in place to

improve the management of municipal finance, especially by

increasing the level of own revenue collection and ensuring

higher expenditure efficiency and financial accountability. The

success in all the five dimensions depends on good governance

and legislation.

Sub-

DimensionIndicator Actual Units Standardized Comments

Energy (0.0%) Share of renewable energy consumption 0.00 ug/m3 0.0% V. Weak

Waste Management

(61.0%)

Solid Waste Collection 86.10 % 86.1% V. Strong

Solid waste recycling share % 0.0% V. Weak

Waste water treatment 97.00 % 97.0% M. Strong

ା Table 5: Environmental Sustainability Index (30.5%)

ା Figure 8: Environmental Sustainability Indicators


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STRENGTH WEAKNESSES

1. Good economic growth fundamentals such as high economic productivity, high household income, low old age dependency ratio.

2. High literacy rate: the youth and women have untapped potential to contribute allot to economic growth. There is allot of unutilised skilled manpower (human capital), especially among women.

3. There are good safety and security and political stability which provide a conducive environment for growth and development.

4. There is good healthcare provision in the city: a healthy population is productive, happy and peaceful.

1. Low economic density- possibly due to urban sprawl leading to tracks of empty land: re-examine and establish the need for increased densification of economic or commercial activities within the commercial, industrial and even residential areas in the city.

2. Use of public transport is very low and there is over-dependence on private cars for transport even for short distances, not good for the environment and lack of physical activity is not good for health.

3. The housing infrastructure is good, but there is a problem with access to sanitation facilities such as access to the sewerage system.

OPPORTUNITIES THREATS

1. This is the time to begin implementing programmes to promote the use of public transport system before the completion of Metro Train System.

2. High street intersection density and street density which should encourage alternative means of transport such as walking and cycling especially early morning and evening.

3. High internet access and moderate ownership of home computers is a good opportunity to increase bandwidth and encourage more usage.

4. High productivity, good economic fundamentals, good safety & security and political stability in the city provide a conducive environment for attracting foreign investments.

1. High investment is required to meet the needs of the rapidly growing population.

2. There are other factors affecting the already low usage of public transport such as cultural and extreme temperature unless they are appropriately addressed they may affect the usage of the Metro Train system as a public transport system when it is completed.

3. Youth unemployment rate is too high and the demographic profile of the city is youthful, this is not good for the future economic stability.

4. The overall unemployment rate in the city is also too high. This is also not good for the future economic stability.

5. Enrolment is early childhood education program is extremely low.

6. 6. Share is renewable energy is 0%, not good for sustainability.

ା Table 6: CPI Based SWOT Analysis

S W OT A N A LY S I S B A S E D O N C I T Y P RO S P E R I T Y I N D E X

This section attempts to analyse further and break down the findings of the CPI and uses it to identify areas of Strength,

Weaknesses or Challenges, Opportunities for growth and possible Threats that the city may have so that appropriate

recommendations and actions can be designed.

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LO C A L U R B A N O B S E R VATO R I E S

A B O U T TO U R B A N O B S E R VATO R I E S

Urban Observatories is a global network with the following tiers: Global Urban Observatory (GUO) –Regional Urban Observatories (RUO) National Urban Observatories (NUO) Local Urban Observatories (LUO) (city level). NUOs are national platforms for policy information the country level, coordinated by GUO. LUOs are local platforms for policy information at the city level, coordinated by National Urban Observatories. The following are the main roles of Local Urban Observatories: Develop tools, collect and analyze their own urban indicators to monitor a range of local priority issues – e.g. social development, economic performance, service delivery; Establish permanent mechanisms for monitoring MDGs and Urban Development Indicators; Promote the use of urban data in planning and policy- making at local and national level and participate in addressing urban challenges resulting from urban development and population growth.; Disseminate information to strengthen transparency; Create a network of data management and flow from the sources and to the consumers; Help create or catalyse new partnerships between (National Statistical Office and local authority, Different municipal departments, Citizens and local authority); Establish strong links with local policy making processes. According to a rapid survey conducted by UN-Habitat-KSA in June 2015 targeting 17 LUO/cities, it was found that only 15 LUOs exist. The findings showed that 88% of Local Urban Observatories are under Municipal Departments while 12% are under Authority Development. It also revealed that 71% of the Local Urban Observatories are Active while the operations of 23% are suspended due to staff/contractual arrangements. In terms of connections with the GIS departments, 59% of the LUOs have connections with the GIS department while 18% do not. The findings showed

that 71% of the LUOs have GIS data while 6% do not have.

S A K A K A – LO C A L U R B A N O B S E R VATO R Y.

The Local Urban Observatory of Sakaka was established in 2014 (1 year in operation) as a department located within the municipality to be responsible for developing tools, collecting and analysing urban indicators at the city level. Sakaka LUO has a total of 8 employees, of which 6 are Non-Saudi Consultants provided by a private consulting firm contracted to do technical

management of the LUO, one is a Saudi consultant and the other is a government staff. The contract with the consulting

firm has lasted more than 24 months.

P E R F O R M A N C E O F T H E O B S E R VATO R Y

Sakaka LUO has produced one round of urban indicators and now working on the second round, so far they have produced a total of 137 urban indicators. This puts Sakaka LUO as the 4th best performing LUO after Makkah with 300 urban indicators, Taif (221), and Abha (140). In addition to producing urban indicators, LUOs are also required to assist in the collection and production of CPI indicators, according to a rapid survey conducted by UN-Habitat-KSA in June 2015, Sakaka had produced a total of 30 CPI indicators, by June 2016 it had a total of 48 indicators out of a possible 74. This places Sakaka among the cities which have submitted more than third of all

the indicators selected for the KSA- CPI.



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A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D

2016

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