draft environmental impact assessment...

Draft Environmental Impact Assessment

Report

Project proponent

For

Coal Based Power Plant

(2 * 135 MW)

3rd Floor, K. G. Chambers, Opp. Gujarat Samachar Press, Udhna Darwaja, Ring Road,

Surat - 395 002.

Narmada Thermal Power Limited At

Survey no.134,135A,135B,137,138,

Village: Padaria, Taluka: Vagra,

District: Bharuch, Gujarat

Prepared By:

Report Details

Draft EIA report

Owner:

Narmada Thermal Power Limite

Work Contractor:

Project Name: ENVIRONMEN

F

Copy Holder: NARMADA THERM

Document title: DRAFT ENVIRO

NAR

Total Pages: 312

Document no.: DT/NTPL /EIA/1

© Detox Corporation Pvt. Ltd., J

All rights Reserved. This Publication

condition that this work may not b

the written consent of Detox Corpor

Date

Originator

Project

Engineer

2011 Ankita

Bhairaviya

Pushpak

Shah

ed

NTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY REP

FOR COAL BASED POWER PLANT

AL POWER LIMITED

ONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPO

FOR

RMADA THERMAL POWER LIMITED

10-11/28

une 2011

n is the property of Detox Corporation Pvt.

e reproduced or used (entirely or partially

ration Pvt. Ltd.

Reviewer

Project

Director

Pushpak

Shah

Chetan

Contractor

PORT

ORT

Ltd. and is released on the

y) for any purpose with out

Draft EIA report for Narmada Thermal Power Limited i

Index Sr. no Content Page no

CHAPTER 1

1.0 COMPANY PROFILE 1-1

1.1 PROPOSED PROJECT 1-1

1.2 JUSTIFICATION OF PROJECT 1-1

1.3 CAPITAL COST OF PROJECT 1-2

1.4 SITE SELECTION CRITERIA 1-2

1.5 SALIENT FEATURES OF SITE 1-2

1.6 LAND AREA BREAK UP 1-7

1.7 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY 1-7

1.8 DEFINITION OF EIA 1-7

1.9 METHODOLOGY 1-8

1.10 SCOPE OF ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) 1-8

1.11 ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION APPLICABLE TO THE POWER PLANT

PROJECT

1-10

1.12 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT 1-14

CHAPTER 2

2.1 PROPOSED PROJECT 2-1

2.2 FUEL/ RAW MATERIAL DETAILS 2-1

2.3 FUEL HANDLING SYSTEM 2-2

2.3.1 Coal Preparation and Firing System 2-2

2.3.2 Fuel Handling System 2-2

2.3.2.1 Coal 2-2

2.3.2.2 Diesel Oil: 2-4

2.4 FUEL ANALYSIS 2-4

2.5 PROCESS DESCRIPTION 2-6

2.6 MAJOR MECHANICAL EQUIPMENTS & AUXILIARIES/ UTILITY 2-7

2.6.1 Steam Generator 2-7

2.6.2 Auxiliary Steam System 2-8

2.6.3 Turbine and its auxiliarie 2-8

2.6.4 Air Cooled Condenser 2-9

2.6.5 Auxiliary Cooling System 2-10

Draft EIA report for Narmada Thermal Power Limited ii

2.6.6 Furnace 2-10

2.6.7 Air and flue gas system 2-10

2.6.8 Fuel Oil Burning System 2-11

2.6.9 Soot Blowing System 2-12

2.6.10 Air Extraction System 2-12

2.6.11 Lube Oil System 2-12

2.6.12 HP / LP Bypass 2-13

2.6.13 Boiler Feed Pumps 2-13

2.6.14 Condensate Pumps 2-14

2.6.15 Electric Power Supply System 2-14

2.7 POWER EVACUATION 2-14

2.8 ENVIRONMENT PARAMETERS 2-15

2.8.1 WATER 2-15

2.8.2 Air Pollution Control Equipments 2-15

2.8.2.1 Electrostatic precipitators 2-15

2.8.2.2 Bag filters 2-17

2.8.2.3 Provision of future Installation of flue gas de sulphurising system (FGD) 2-17

2.8.3 Solid Waste 2-17

2.9

2.9.1

UTILITIES

RAW WATER TREATMENT PLANT:

2-18

2-18

2.9.1.1 Raw Water Chlorination System 2-18

2.9.1.2 Service Water System 2-19

2.9.1.3 Potable Water System 2-19

2.9.1.4 Closed Cooling Water System 2-19

2.9.2 Effluent Treatment Plan 2-20

2.9.3 D G SET 2-20

CHAPTER 3

3.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT 3-1

3.1.1 Design Network for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations 3-1

3.1.2 Meteorology Station 3-1

3.1.3 One season AAQ data 3-3

3.1.3.1 Air monitoring Station 3-4

3.1.3.2 Method of Analysis 3-5

3.1.3.3 Baseline Data 3-6

Draft EIA report for Narmada Thermal Power Limited iii

3.2 WATER ENVIRONMENT 3-9

3.2.1 Water Sampling Location 3-9

3.2.2 Analysis Method 3-11

3.2.3 Ground water Quality 3-13

3.2.4 Surface water quality 3-14

3.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 3-15

3.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT 3-16

3.4.1 Study Area 3-16

3.4.2 Objective 3-18

3.4.3 Satellite Data Details 3-18

3.4.4 Methodology 3-18

3.5 SOIL ENVIRONMENT 3-21

3.6 BIODIVERSITY OF TERRESTRIAL ENVIRONMENT 3-23

3.6.1 Period of the study and Study area 3-23

3.6.2 Methodology 3-24

3.6.3 Terrestrial Floral and Faunal Components of the Study Area 3-24

3.6.4 Habitats 3-25

3.6.5 Floral Diversity of the Study Area 3-26

3.6.5.1 Trees 3-27

3.6.5.2 Shrubs 3-28

3.6.5.3 Herbs 3-29

3.6.5.4 Climbers and Twiners 3-30

3.6.6 Cultivated Plants in the Study Area 3-31

3.6.7 Horticultural Practices and Fruits Grown 3-31

3.6.8 Rare and Endangered Flora in the Study Area 3-32

3.6.9 Endemic Plants of the Study Area 3-32

3.6.10 Status of the Forest, Their Category in the Study Area 3-32

3.6.11. Faunal Biodiversity of the Study Area 3-33

3.6.11.1 Birds of the Study Area 3-33

3.6.11.2 Butterflies from the study area 3-35

3.6.11.3 Herpetofauna 3-36

3.6.11.4 Mammals 3-36

3.6.12 Rare and Endangered Fauna of the Study Area 3-37

3.6.13 Endemic Fauna of the Study Area 3-37

Draft EIA report for Narmada Thermal Power Limited iv

3.7 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 3-37

4.0 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION 4-1

CHAPTER 4


4.1.1 Construction Phase 4-2

4.1.2 Operation Phase 4-3

4.2 AIR POLLUTION SOURCE 4-3

4.2.1 Sources of Fugitive emission: 4-3

4.2.2 Point source emission 4-5

4.3 DETAILS OF AIR DISPERSION MODEL 4-6

4. 4 WATER ENVIRONMENT 4-11

4.4.1 Source of water: 4-11

4.4.2 Water Consumption 4-11

4.4.3 Waste Water Generation 4-14

4.4.4

4.5

Treatability Study

LAND/ SOIL ENVIRONMENT

4-15

4-17

4.5.1 Construction Phase: 4-17

4.5.2 OPERATION PHASE 4-17

4.6 SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION 4-18

4.6.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE 4-18

4.6.2 Operation phase 4-18

4.7 NOISE POLLUTION 4-19

4.7.1 Equipment noise 4-19

4.7.2 Far Field Noise 4-20

4.8 ECOLOGY [FLORA – FAUNA] 4-20

4.8.1 Construction Phase 4-20

4.8.2 Operation Phase 4-20

4.8.3 Impact Assessment on Biodiversity 4-21

4.9 SOCIOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL IMPACTS 4-21

CHAPTER 5

5.0 INTRODUCTION 5-1

5.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE 5-1

5.2 OPERATION PHASE 5-3

Draft EIA report for Narmada Thermal Power Limited v


5.3.1 Control of Fugitive Emissions 5-4

5.3.1.1 Coal handling 5-4

5.3.1.2 Fly ash handling 5-5

5.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT 5-6

5.4.1 Water Conservation steps 5-6

5.4.2 Rain Water Harvesting 5-6

5.4.3 WASTE WATER GENERATED 5-6

5.5 SOLID/ HAZARD WASTE GENERATION 5-7

5.5.15.

5.1.2.1

Ash handling system

Disposal of Ash

5-7

5-9

5.5.1.3 Ash Disposal Area 5-10

5.6 CLEANER PRODUCTION 5-10

5.7 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR LAND/ SOIL ENVIRONMENT 5-12


5.9 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT 5-13

5.9.1 Recommended Plants for Green Belt Development 5-13

5.9.2 Guidelines for plantation 5-13

5.9.3 Selection of plants for Greenbelts: 5-13

5.9.4 Roadside Plantation 5-17

5.10 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 5-19

5.11 BUDGETARY ALLOCATION FOR ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 5-21

CHAPTER 6

6.0 POLLUTION MONITORING AND SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM 6-1

6.1 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING 6-1

6.2 STACK MONITORING: 6-2


6.4 WATER AND WASTE WATER QUALITY MONITORING 6-2

6.4.1 Environment laboratory 6-2

CHAPTER 7

7.1 SOCIO ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES 7-1

7.2 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL: 7-2

7.3 BUDGETARY ALLOCATION 7-2

CHAPTER 8

Draft EIA report for Narmada Thermal Power Limited vi

8.1 INTRODUCTION 8-1

8.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE RISK ASSESSMENT 8-1

8.3 THE RISK ASSESSMENT PROCESS 8-1

8.4 IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDS 8-4

8.4.1 Fire And Explosion Index & Toxicity Index 8-4

8.4.1.1 Hazardous Material Identification Methodology 8-4

8.4.1.2 F&EI Computation 8-5

8.4.1.4 Hazards Ranking 8-11

8.4.2 Consequence Analysis 8-12

8.5 RISK ANALYSIS DUE TO STORAGE AND HANDLING OF COAL 8-16

8.5.1 Hazard Identification 8-16

8.5.2 Risk Evaluation and Control Measures 8-18

8.6 RISK ANALYSIS DUE TO STORAGE AND HANDLING OF CHLORINE 8-24

8.6.1 Health hazards data 8-24

8.6.2 Environmental protection procedures 8-24

8.6.3 Special protection information 8-24

8.6.4 Transportation 8-25

8.7 RISK ANALYSIS DUE TO HSD AND LDO 8-26

8.7.1 Fire & Explosion Hazard: 8-26

8.7.2 Health hazard data 8-26

8.7.3 Preventive measures 8-26

8.7.4 Emergency and first aid measures 8-27

8.8 RISK ANALYSIS FOR ASH HANDLING SYSTEM 8-27

8.8.1 Various ash discharge point in a FBC boiler 8-27

8.9 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY 8-27

8.10 OTHER HAZARDS AND ITS CONTROLS 8-31

8.11 AUTOMATIC FIRE DETECTION AND CONTROL MEASURES 8-32

8.11.1 Fire water / hydrant system 8-32

8.11.2 Fire Alarm And Detection System 8-35

8.12 SAFETY ORGANIZATION AND ITS ACTIVITIES 8-36

8.12.1 Construction and Erection Phase 8-36

8.12.2 Operation and Maintenance Phase 8-36

8.12.3 Strengthening of HSE and Meeting by Safety and quality circle 8-36

8.12.4 Safety Training 8-36

Draft EIA report for Narmada Thermal Power Limited vii

8.13 HEALTH AND SAFETY MONITORING PLAN 8-37

8.13.1 Do’s and Don’ts checklis 8-37

CHAPTER 9

9.1 GENERAL 9-1

9.2 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF DMP 9-1

9.3 CAUSES OF DISASTER 9-2

9.4 DISASTER CONTROL PHILOSOPHY 9-2

9.5 DISASTER CONTROL PLAN 9-2

9.6 FIRE FIGHTING ARRANGEMENT 9-4

9.7 SAFETY AND PERSONAL PROTECTIVE APPLIANCES 9-5

9.8 EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN 9-5

9.8.1 FIRST INFORMATION 9-6

9.8.2 Responsibilities of Work Incident Controller (WIC) 9-6

9.8.3 Responsibilities of Chief Incident Controller (CIC) 9-6

9.8.4 Responsibilities For Declaration Of Major Emergency 9-6

9.8.5 Responsibilities of Emergency Communication Officer (ECO) 9-7

9.8.6 Key Personnel 9-7

9.8.7 Responsibilities of Key Personnel 9-8

9.9 EMERGENCY CONTROL CENTRE 9-9

9.10 Off-Site Emergency Preparedness Plan 9-11

9.10.1 Aspects proposed to be considered in the Off-Site Emergency Plan 9-13

9.10.2 Role of the Emergency Co-ordinating Officer 9-14

9.10.3 Role of the Local Authority 9-14

9.10.4 Role of Police 9-14

9.10.5 Role of Fire Authorities 9-14

9.10.6 Role of Health Authorities 9-14

9.10.7 Role of Government Safety Authority 9-15

9.11 SAFETY & EMERGENCY PLAN 9-17

9.12 PRE-EMERGENCY ACTIONS 9-18

9.13 TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION 9-18

CHAPTER 10

10.1 LAND AVAILABILITY AND REQUIREMENT 10-1

10.2 FUEL REQUIREMENT, STORAGE & HANDLING SYSTEM 10-1

Draft EIA report for Narmada Thermal Power Limited viii

10.3 WATER AVAILABILITY AND REQUIREMENT 10-1

10.4 ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY 10-1

10.5 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 10-2

10.5.1 Land Use: 10-2

10.5.2 Water Use and Hydrology: 10-2

10.5.3 Demography and Socio-economics: 10-2

10.5.4 Air Quality 10-2

10.5.5 Water Quality 10-2

10.5.6 Noise 10-2

10.6 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 10-3

10.7 PROJECT BENEFITS 10-3

10.8 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 10-3

10.9 ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PLAN 10-4

CHAPTER 11

11.1 GENERAL INFORMATION 11-1

11.2 VISION AND BUSINESS ETHICS 11-1

11.3 KEY FACTS 11-1

11.4 ACCREDITATIONS & REGISTRATIONS 11-1

11.5 ACTIVITES 11-1

11.6 EIA TEAM 11-3

Draft EIA report for Narmada Thermal Power Limited ix

List of tables Table no. Content Page no.

1.1 Product Profile 1-1

1.2 Salient Features of site 1-3

1.3 Land area break up 1-7

1.4 Ambient Noise Quality Standards in respect of public places 1-12

1.5 Ambient air Quality standard 1-13

2.1 Power generation break up 2-1

2.2 Raw material details 2-1

2.3 Analysis of coal 2-4

2.4 Analysis of HSD 2-5

2.5 Analysis of light diesel oil 2-5

2.6 Technical details of ESP 2-16

2.7 Bag filter details 2-17

3.1 Air monitoring location 5

3.2 Analysis methods and Instrument details 5

3.3 Analysis methods and Instrument details 6

3.4 Ground Water monitoring location 9

3.5 Surface Water monitoring location 9

3.6 Method of Analysis 11

3.7 Ground water quality 13

3.8 Surface water quality 14

3.9 Noise monitoring locations 15

3.10 Day and Night Noise Levels 16

Draft EIA report for Narmada Thermal Power Limited x

3.11 LULC classification system 19

3.12 Land use/Land covers Statistics within 10 Km. Radius from Project Site 20

3.13 Soil Sampling Locations 21

3.14 Physical Characteristics of Soil in the Study Area 22

3.15 Soil quality 23

3.16 List of Villages covered under the present baseline study 24

3.17 Trees in the study area 26

3.18 Lists of Shrubs in the Study Area 28

3.19 List of herbaceous species observed in the area 29

3.20 List of Climbers Observed in the Study Area 30

3.21 Near Threatened Birds of the Study Area 33

3.22 Systematic Lists of Birds in the Study Area with Its Distribution And Migratory Status

33

3.23 Butterflies in the study area 35

3.24 Reptiles in the Study Area 36

3.25 Mammals in Core Zone 36

3.26 Mammals in the Buffer Zone 36

3.27 Summary of Demographic structure 38

3.28 Demography of the study area 41

4.1 No. of dumpers/ trucks used for transportation 4-4

4.2 Details of Main Stacks 4-5

4.3 Details of fugitive emission stacks 4-6

4.4 Resultant Concentrations Due To Incremental GLC* 4-10

4.5 Raw water characteristics 4-11

4.6 Water consumption 4-11

4.7 Waste water generation 4-14

Draft EIA report for Narmada Thermal Power Limited xi

4.8 Qualitative Analysis 4-15

4.9 Details of Hazardous Wastes generation and Disposal 4-18

4.10 Solid waste generation 4-19

5.1 Action plan for implementation of CP 5-11

5.2 Recommended Plant Species for Green Belt Development 5-15

5.3 Three Tire plantation management 5-17

5.4 Budgetary allocation 5-17

5.5 Species Selected for Plantation along the roadside of plant and

Township

5-18

5.6 Estimated Cost for Environmental Management Plan 5-21

6.1 Sampling and analytical Instruments required 6-3

6.2 Monitoring schedule 6-4

7.1 Employment details 7-2

8.1 Fire and explosion index for coal 8-5

8.2 Fire and explosion index for HSD storage 8-7

8.3 Fire and explosion index for chlorine 8-9

8.4 Conclusion 8-11

8.5 Illumination level 8-23

8.6 Other Hazards and Its Controls 8-32

8.7 Type of detectors 8-35

9.1 List of Proposed Safety Equipment 9-5

10.1 Raw material details 10-1

11.1 EIA team members 11-3

Draft EIA report for Narmada Thermal Power Limited xii

List of Figures Figure no. Figure Page no.

1.1 Google image showing the project site and surrounding

villages

1-5

1.2 Village map of 10 Km radius surrounding the project site 1-6

3.1 Wind rose for summer season 3-3

3.2 Air sampling location 3-4

3.3 Measured ambient PM10 concentration 3-7

3.4 Measured ambient PM2.5 concentration 3-7

3.5 Measured ambient NOx concentration 3-8

3.6 Measured ambient SO2 concentration 3-8

3.7 Ground water monitoring locations 3-10

3.8 Surface water monitoring locations 3-11

3.9 Land use map of the study area 3-17

3.10 Land use area distribution 3-21

3.11 Soil sampling location 3-22

4.1 Isopleths of PM 4-7

4.2 Isopleths of SO2 4-8

4.3 Isopleths of NOx 4-9

4.4 Water balance diagram 4-13

5.1 Environment management cell 5-20

9.1 Onsite emergency plan 9-11

9.2 Off site emergency plan 9-16

Draft EIA report for Narmada Thermal Power Limited xiii

List of Annexure Annexure 1 : Lay out map

Annexure 2 : Letter from DoEF regarding CRZ applicability

Annexure 3 : Fuel allocation letter

Annexure 4 : Water allocation letter

Annexure 5 : TSDF membership certificate

Annexure 6 : MoU with brick manufacturers

Annexure 7 : Meteorology data

Annexure 8 : Undertaking

Annexure 9 : TOR copy and its compliance

Draft EIA report for Narmada Thermal Power Limited 1-1

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.0 COMPANY PROFILE

M/s Narmada Thermal Power Limited (M/s NTPL) is join venture of Pratibha group and T. M

Patel Group of Surat. Both the groups are associated with the common businesses ventures

for a long time. The two companies i. e Gujarat Embroidery Limited and Gujarat Polyfilms

Pvt. Ltd. is the projects which have been floated by both the groups jointly. GEL project was

formed in the year 1991. It is engaged in value addition work and has installed most

modern embroidery machines. Gujarat Polyfilms Pvt. Ltd. established in the year 2004 with

the strength and latest technical know how, targets a very strong brand perception, bet

quality product and has achieved leadership postion in the nylon yarn industry. It is the only

integrated nylon FDY yarn spinning in India and is also producing engineering polymers.

1.1 PROPOSED PROJECT

M/s Narmada Thermal Power Limited (M/s NTPL) proposes to develop coal based thermal

power project at Village: Padaria, Taluka: Vagra, District: Bharuch, Gujarat.

Table 1.1: Product Profile

Product Capacity

Coal based thermal power plant 2 * 135 MW

The Project envisages installation of 2 modules of power generating facilities each with

capacity of 135 MW, consisting of Pulverized coal fired boilers/ Circulating fluidized bed

combustion boilers, steam turbine generators with associated auxiliaries.

1.2 JUSTIFICATION OF PROJECT

It is seen from the foregoing scenario that there exists a demand for installation of

additional generating capacity urgently. Also the demand for large amount of power supply

will exist since the government alone cannot meet the planned addition to the generation

capacity and this scenario will continue in a sustained manner for a long time in the Country

in general and in the GUJARAT in particular. Hence the time is conducive for private sector

to actively participate in the power generation and sustained growth of the country.

Dahej which is a booming industrial hub now, is located on the Coast in Vagra Taluka of

Bharuch District. Gujarat Industrial Development Corporation has developed an industrial

Estate in Dahej. Dahej Port operated by Gujarat Maritime Board (GMB), has made


significant contribution to facilitate industrial growth in the district. Also High connectivity to

port has lead to industrial development in the area.

Apart from the exiting industries many new industrial development are in line at GIDC

estate of Dahej and Special Economic Zone.

Due to the above proposed developments there shall be increase in the power requirement

in the area. In order to meet the increasing power demand, Narmada Thermal Power

Limited, has proposed to installed 2 * 135 MW coal based thermal power plant at proposed

location.

1.3 CAPITAL COST OF PROJECT

The total cost of project is Rs. 14850 millions (approximate).

1.4 SITE SELECTION CRITERIA

The following factors, which influence selection of site have been considered in the

identifying the prospective site:

Area away from ecologically sensitive, R&R prone, notified reserve forests etc.

Availability of adequate land for locating the coal fired power plant with a capacity of

2 X 135 MW with a proposal to expand in future. Suitability of the land from

topography and geological aspects.

Proximity to rail / road / seaport to facilitate transportation of equipment,

construction material indigenous coal as well as imported coal, and auxiliary fuel.

Availability of adequate quantity of Raw water to meet plant water requirements

Power evacuation facility: proximity to an existing EHV (220 kV) sub-station.

1.5 SALIENT FEATURES OF SITE

The salient features of the project are as mentioned below:

Adequate land is available for the power plant including transformer yard &

switchyard, balance of plant (BOP) facilities such as water storage facilities with

radiator coolers; switchyard and associated power evacuation facilities;

Availability of adequate land for other construction activities, roads, water treatment

plants, DG sets and green belt etc.,

Existing road connectivity to the plant site for movement of equipment, construction

materials, pipes, etc. This site is approachable through Bharuch-Dahej highway


Letter from DoEF regarding CRZ applicability is attached as annexure 2.

Availability of fuel linkage

No structure of archaeological importance.

Availability of seaport nearby.

Availability of railway line nearby.

No R&R issues.

Availability of source of water adequate to meet the plant requirements near the

project site.

Environmental / ecological impacts is minimum.

No reserve forest nearby

Table 1.2: Salient Features of site

Features Description

Location Survey no.134,135A,135B,137,138,

Village: Padaria, Taluka: Vagra,

District: Bharuch, Gujarat

Type of land Private owned fallow land

Latitude

Longitude

21° 47' 2.9" N

72° 36' 30.5" E

Nearest Highway NH 8: 43.66 Km

SH 64: Approx 33.37 Km

Bharuch-Dahej Road: 3.57 Km

Nearest Railway station Bharuch : approx 40.84 Km

Nearest city Bharuch: approx 40 Km

Nearest town Dahej: approx 7 Km

Nearest village Padaria: approx 2.8 Km

Water availability Sardar sarovar Narmada Nigam Ltd.

(Luwara Branch Canal)

Nearest port Dahej: 10.04 Km

Distance of salt pans Approx 1.38 Km

Distance of sea Approx 10 Km

Nearest water body (lake/ pond/ Approx 2.88 Km


reservoir/ canal)

Distance of mangroves Approx 4.47 Km

National park/ sanctuary/ reserve forest None within 10 Km radius

Heritage site None within 10 Km radius

**Aerial distance is considered


The satellite image of the project site with the surrounding area is as shown in the figure below

Figure 1.1: Google image showing the project site and surrounding villages

Bharuch dahej road

Dahej - Jambusar road

Salt pan area Sea


The site map of the project site and surrounding villages in 10 km radius is as shown in the figure below:

Figure 1.2: Village map of 10 Km radius surrounding the project site


1.6 LAND AREA BREAK UP

The total land area available is 122 acres and the detail area bifurcation is as given in

the table below:

Table 1.3: Land area break up

Purpose Area provided

Power plant area 39 acres

Fuel storage 12 acres

Ash pond 20 acres

Green belt 42 acres

Open area 9 acres

Total 122 acres

Layout plan of the proposed project with provision of unobstructed peripheral area and

showing separate entry and exit gates is attached as annexure 1.

1.7 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

The proposed project i.e. Thermal Power Plants (270 MW) fall under category B Sr. no. 1

(d) in the Government of India Notification no. 1533 dated 14th September, 2006; which

require prior Environmental Clearance before starting construction, production or any

other allied activities related to the project. For getting the Environmental Clearance; it

is required to carry out the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study report.

In order to assess the environmental impacts arising out of the proposed project

activities, M/s NTPL retained M/s Detox Corporation Private Limited as EIA consultants to

undertake Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment for various environmental

components which may be affected and to delineate a detailed Environmental

Management Plan (EMP).

1.8 DEFINITION OF EIA

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a formal process used to predict how

industrial development or construction project will affect natural resources such as

water, air, land, socioeconomic and bio ecological environment.

An EIA usually involves a sequence of steps:

(1) Screening to decide if a project requires assessment and to what level of detail.

(2) Preliminary assessment to identify key impacts, their magnitude, significance, and

importance.


(3) Scoping to ensure the EIA focuses on key issues and to determine, where more

detailed information is needed.

(4) Implementing the main EIA study, which involves detailed investigations to predict

impacts, assess their consequences.

1.9 METHODOLOGY

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) studies include identification, assessment,

quantitative evaluation and prediction of possible impacts. To minimize the impact of the

project on various environmental attributes, mitigation measures are suggested for

implementation along with the project.

The methodology of this study can be schematized as detailed below:

To gather information on present environmental conditions and relevant national

environmental guidelines and EIA procedures.

Scoping of impacts.

Assessment of significant impacts.

Description of residual impacts.

Development of monitoring plans.

To inform all relevant and involved authorities regarding the impact of the project

on the environment and the proposed mitigation measures.

1.10 SCOPE OF ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA)

This report represents the environmental impact assessment and management plan of

the proposed 2x 135 MW coal based power projects at Village: Padaria, Taluka: Vagra in

the Bharuch District of Gujarat State being developed by M/s Narmada Thermal Power

Limited.

As per the requirements stated in the Environmental Impact Assessment Notification 2006

and its subsequent amendments, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study has been

undertaken to assess the environmental impacts of the proposed project and to develop a

site specific environmental management plan and risk mitigation measures. Subsequently,

baseline environmental studies have been conducted during the summer season (March

2011 to May 2011) and developed this Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report as

per the guidelines, Manuals and best practices suggested by Ministry of Environment and

Forests (MoEF). The project was placed before the Gujarat State Environment Appraisal

Committee for approval of TOR for the EIA study.


The EIA report has been prepared as per the TOR issued by State Level Expert Appraisal

Committee vide letter no EIA-10-2010-777-E/71863 dated 01/02/2011 and revised TOR

issued vide letter no. EIA-10-2010-777-E/79413 dated 06/05/2011. The compliance

report of TOR along with TOR copy is attached herewith as annexure 9.

The following tasks were undertaken as a part of the EIA study:

• A review of the detail project report was undertaken to comprehend the process

technology, facility layout, water demand and environmental and safety risk

mitigation measures considered at the conceptual design phase of the project.

The project information has been used for quantifying the residual

environmental impacts, if any, due to the operation of the facility.

• Secondary baseline data with regards to meteorology, hydrology, geology,

biodiversity, forests, socio-economic information etc. was collected from various

published data and from concerned Government departments. Land use pattern

was mapped within 10 Sq. Km area around the project site using satellite

imaginary.

• A rigorous baseline monitoring program was undertaken during summer season

to establish the background air quality, surface and groundwater quality, soil

quality and noise levels in the study area.

• Site specific meteorological data was collected from the automatic

meteorological station operated at the plant site. The information/data

generated was used for air quality modeling assessment.

• As the proposed thermal power plant utilizes Coal as base fuel, The primary

concern of the air quality management aspects are release of oxides of nitrogen,

Sulphur dioxide and particulate matters into the atmosphere. ISCST-3

(Industrial Source Complex Short term-3) model was used to predict the 24-

hours average concentrations of these parameters in the study area.

• The water balance for the plant has been thoroughly studied and wherever

possible, water conservation and wastewater recycling programs have been

explored. Wastewater streams have been identified and adequate treatment and

disposal schemes have been developed.

• Solid and hazardous waste management programs have been evolved.

• A survey of terrestrial flora and fauna in the study area was undertaken to

identify the existing base line conditions.

• A detailed review of the socio-economic status of the study area was carried out

to establish the positive and negative impacts on the socioeconomic

environment and biodiversity in the study area.


• Based on the detailed EIA study, various environmental risk mitigation measures

were identified and a detailed Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been

developed.

1.11 ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION APPLICABLE TO THE POWER PLANT

PROJECT

Clearance from Gujarat pollution control board:

According to section 21 of Air (Prevention& control of pollution) Act, 1981 and section 25

of water (Prevention & Control of pollution) act, 1974, no person shall establish or

operate any activity, which can cause air or water pollution without obtaining Consent to

Establish (CTE). As per the above mentioned Air and Water act, CTE has to be obtained

from Gujarat Pollution Control Board (GPCB) in the form of No Objection Certificate

(NOC) after the submission of Air/water consent forms with requisite fees. This NOC has

to be subsequently followed by Consolidated Consent & Authorization (CC&A) before

staring Production Activities.

Environment Clearance from Environment Impact Assessment Authority (EIAA)

As Per EIA Notification (S.O. 1533) Dated 14th September 2006 & Amended

Thereafter.

In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) and clause (v) of sub-section (2)

of section 3 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, and clause (d) of sub-rule (3) of

rule 5 of the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 and in supersession of the notification

number S.O. 60 (E) dated the 27th January, 1994, the Central Government directed that

on and from the date of the publication (14th September 2009) of the EIA notification

(SO 1553), construction of new projects or activities or the expansion or modernization

of existing projects or activities listed in the Schedule shall be undertaken in any part of

India only after the prior environmental clearance from the Central Government or as

the case may be, by the State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority, duly

constituted by the Central Government under sub-section (3) of section 3 of the said Act,

in accordance with the procedure specified hereinafter in this notification.

Other Environmental Legislation Applicable To the Project:

Any project activities will be governed by various acts and rules and regulation set by

Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF) at the central level and other regulatory

agencies at the state levels. Various environmental standards and guidelines of Central

Pollution Control Board and Gujarat state pollution Control Board will also be applicable.

The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 as amended deals

comprehensively with water issues. It empowers the Government to constitute Pollution


Control Boards to maintain the wholesomeness of national water bodies. It enables

Central and State Pollution Control Boards to prescribe standards and has provisions for

monitoring & compliance and penal provisions against the violators of the Act. It

provides the permit system i.e. “Consent” procedure to prevent and control of water

pollution. The Act empowers State Boards to issue directions to the defaulters.

Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 has a broad coverage in which ‘Environment’

includes water, air and land and there exists an interrelationship among water, air, land,

human beings and other creatures. It empowers to take measures in protecting and

improving the quality of the environment through preventing, controlling and abating

environmental pollution. The Government is authorized to set national standards for

ambient environmental quality and controlling discharges to regulate industrial locations,

to prescribe procedure for hazardous substance management and to collect and

disseminate information regarding environmental pollution. The Act provides for severe

penalties for those who fail to comply with or contravenes any provision of the Act.

The Manufacture, Storage, Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 and its

amendments under EPA, 1986 has identified the responsibilities of various stakeholders

for management of chemicals and containment of spillage.

The Hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989 and its

subsequent Amendment 2000 were created to provide ‘cradle-to grave’ or

comprehensive guidance to the generators, transporters and operators of disposal

facilities among others, and monitoring norms for State governments.

As per the provisions of Hazardous Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 1989, as

amended, every occupier handling, or recycler recycling, hazardous wastes including

facility for collection, reception, treatment, transport, storage and disposal of such

wastes is required to obtain authorization from concerned State Pollution Control Board

(SPCB)/Pollution Control Committee (PCC) in UT for any of the said activities.

MoEF notification S.O.470 (E) – 21st June, 1999 Environment (Siting for Industrial

Projects) Rules, 1999

MoEF Notification G.S.R. 37I (E) dated 17th May, 2002. In exercise of the powers

conferred by sections 6 and 25 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (29 of 1986),

the Central Government made the following rules further to amend the Environment

(Protection) Rules, 1986, regarding noise limit for generator sets run with diesel

The maximum permissible sound pressure level for new diesel generator (DG)sets with

rated capacity up to 1000 KVA, manufactured on or after the 1st July,2003 shall be 75

dB(A) at 1 meter from the enclosure surface.


The diesel generator sets should be provided with integral acoustic enclosure at the

manufacturing stage itself. The user shall make efforts to bring down the noise levels

due to the DG set, outside his premises, within the ambient noise requirements by

proper siting and control measures.

S.O. 123(E). - The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 dated

14 February, 2000

Due to the increasing ambient noise levels in public places from various sources;

industrial activity, construction activity, generator sets, loud speakers, public address

systems, music systems, vehicular horns and other mechanical devices have deleterious

effects on human health and the psychological well being of the people, it was

considered necessary to regulate and control noise producing and generating sources

with the objective of maintaining the ambient air quality standards. In this respect

following noise quality standard was suggested.

Table 1.4: Ambient Noise Quality Standards in respect of public places

Area

Code

Category of

Area/Zone

Limits in dB(A) Leq *

Day time Night time

(A) Industrial area 75 70

(B) Commercial area 65 55

(C) Residential area 55 45

(D) Silence zone 50 40

Day time shall mean from 6.00 a.m. to 10.00 p.m. Night time shall mean from 10.00

p.m. to 6.00 a.m.

CPCB NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS

MoEF amended National Ambient Air Quality Standards by the notification G.S.R. 826(E)

dated 16th November 2009,in exercise of the power conferred by section 6 and section

25 of Environment (protection ) act 1986, amended Environment ( Protection) rule 1986

as Environment ( Protection) seventh Amendment rules 2009.


Table 1.5 : Ambient air Quality standard

Pollutants Time-

weighted

average

Concentration in Ambient

air

Method of measurement

Industrial

Areas

Residential,

Rural &

other Areas

Ecologically

Sensitive

Areas

Notified

Sulphur

Dioxides

(SO2)

Annual 50 µg/m3 20 µg/m3 Improved West and Geake

Method

- Ultraviolet Fluorescence

24

hours**

80 µg/m3 80 µg/m3

Oxides of

Nitrogen as

(NO2)

Annual*

Average

40 µg/m3 30 µg/m3 Jacob & Hochheiser Modified

(Na-Arsenate) Method

Gas Phase Chemi-

luminescence

24

hours**

80 µg/m3 80 µg/m3

Particulate

Matter (PM)

(size less than

10 microns or

PM10

Annual

Average*

60 µg/m3 60 µg/m3 Gravimetric

TOEM

Beta attenuation 24

hours**

100 µg/m3 100 µg/m3

Particulate

Matter (PM)

(size less than

2.5 microns or

PM 2.5

Annual

Average*

40 µg/m3 40 µg/m3 Gravimetric

TOEM

Beta attenuation 24

hours**

60 µg/m3 60 µg/m3

Ozone

8 hours* 100 µg/m3 100 µg/m3 UV photometric

Chemical methods 1

hours**

180 µg/m3 180 µg/m3

Lead (Pb) Annual

Average*

0.5 µg/m3 0.5 µg/m3 ASS/ICP Method after

sampling using EPM 2000 or

equivalent Filter paper

ED-XRF using Teflon filter

paper

24

hours**

1.0 µg/m3 1.0 µg/m3

Ammonia

NH3

Annual

Average*

100 µg/m3 100 µg/m3 Chemi-luminescence ,

Indophenol blue method

24

hours**

400 µg/m3 400 µg/m3


Carbon

Monoxide

(CO)

8

hours**

0.2 mg/m3 0.2 mg/m3 Spectroscopy

Non dispersive infra red

(NDIR) 1 hour 0.4 mg/m3 0.4 mg/m3

* Annual Arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year

taken twice a week 24 hourly at uniform interval.

** 24 hourly/8 hourly values should be met 98% of the time in a year.

However, 2% of the time, it may exceed but not on two consecutive

days.

1.12 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT

This report is organized into eleven sections.

Section 2: Depicts the details of the proposed project, auxiliary and supporting facilities.

It includes technology and process description.

Section 3: Presents the baseline environmental conditions in the vicinity of the project

site and within 10 Km radius of the project. Data pertaining to the ambient air quality,

surface and ground water quality, soil quality, land-use pattern, flaura – fauna study and

socioeconomic environment has been presented.

Section 4: Presents predicted environmental impacts due to construction and

operational phases of the proposed power plant. Air quality modeling results and

minimum required stack heights, water requirement - wastewater generation and solid

and hazardous waste handling requirements have been discussed. In addition to this the

likely residual impacts on the ecological and biological environment and socioeconomic

aspects have been analyzed.

Section 5: Presents various environmental management plans. Various resources

conservation and recycling opportunities has been discussed.

Section 6: Presents project benefit of the project.

Section 7: Presents the post project environment monitoring programme.

Section 8: Presents quantified risks due to handling of coal, LDO/ HSD, if any, at the

proposed project.

Section 9: Presents Disaster management programme for the project

Section 10: Summary & Conclusion.

Section 11: Disclosure of Consultants engaged with their brief resume and nature of

Consultancy rendered.

Draft EIA report for Narmada Thermal Power Limited 2- 1

Chapter-2 Project Description

The design, manufacture, inspection, testing and installation of all equipment and

systems of the proposed project shall confirm to the latest applicable editions of Indian

codes and standards. Best engineering practices shall be followed wherever the relevant

standards are not available

2.1 PROPOSED PROJECT

M/s Narmada Thermal Power Limited (M/s NTPL) proposes to develop coal based thermal

power project at Village: Padaria, Taluka: Vagra, District: Bharuch, Gujarat.

Table 2.1: Power generation break up

Product Capacity

Coal based thermal power plant 2 * 135 MW

2.2 FUEL/ RAW MATERIAL DETAILS

Coal shall be used as major fuel. The detail of fuel consumption along with its source is

given in the table below:

Table 2.2: Raw material details

FUEL Quantity Source Transportation

Indian Coal 1.53 million TPA From Indian mines Road Network by

Trucks/ Tankers.

Imported coal 1.144 million TPA From Indonesian

mines

Transport through Dahej

port via NH 8A & SH 50

LDO/HSD 2010 KL HPCL / IBPL Road Network by Road

tankers.

Based on the availability any one of the coal shall be procured. Fuel allocation letter is

attached as annexure 3.

This estimate is based on the use of Indian coal with CV of 3200 kcal / kg with an

average annual station load factor of 85%. The annual requirement for imported coal

works out to approximately 1.144 million tonnes with calorific value of 4300 kcal/kg.


2.3 FUEL HANDLING SYSTEM

2.3.1 Coal Preparation and Firing System

The coal preparation and firing system will comprise of Bowl mills / Ball mills. The

number and capacity of the mills will be so selected that while firing the worst and

design coals at BMCR the following spare capacities will be ensured, with ball filling in

ratio less than 20% in case of ball mills

At least one (1) mill will be spare at 100% TMCR condition (135 MW) while firing

the worst coal

At least two mills will be spare at BMCR while firing the design coal.

Coal from raw coal bunkers will be fed into the mills by gravimetric raw coal feeders,

each mill will be provided with independent seal air system consisting of 2x100%

capacity fans, filters, piping valves and fittings. There will be two axial PA fans or

individual PA fans for each mill for transporting the pulverized coal from mills to burners

2.3.2 Fuel Handling System

2.3.2.1 Coal

Design Criteria and Assumptions

The system is based on the design data / assumptions furnished below:

Calorific value of coal : 3200 kcal / kg

MCR coal requirement for one unit : 103 TPH

Plant operating days : 310 days (85% availability)

Max lump size of coal : 300 mm (max) for Indian coal

Required size of coal at mill : 25 mm

Time considered for unloading MCR coal

requirement

: 12 hours effective

Density of coal : 800kg/cum( uncompacted )

1000 kg/m³ (compacted)

Stock pile height : 6 m uncompacted

5 m compacted

Truck capacity : 30 t approx

No. of trucks required to meet daily requirement

for coal and fly ash

: 232 dumpers/ trucks


Description

MCR fuel consumption per unit considered with Indian coal : 103 T/Hr

Coal consumption for two units per day : 4944 T/day

No. of hours of operation of CHS per day : 12 Hrs

Average capacity for proposed unit : 412 TPH

Selected capacity for proposed units from stock pile to bunkers : 420 TPH

Selected capacity for proposed units from unloading point to stock pile : 420 TPH

Methodology

The crushed coal will be fed to the conveyers and traveling trippers located on the

bunkers.

Conveyers used will be completely covered

Sprinkling arrangement on top of ground hopper.

Ground hopper is covered through all three sides

Covered belt conveyor

Common stack for screen house and crusher house equipped with dust extraction

system and bag filter having stack height 30 m.

Water sprinkling on road.

The detailed handling system is as mentioned below:

Coal Handling system with the following provisions will be sufficient to cater to the

requirement of 2 x 135 MW unit A system capacity of 420 TPH has been selected based

on computation furnished. Coal is expected to be received thru trucks at site Hydraulic

Truck tipplers will be used to unload coal from trucks into receiving hoppers. From there,

it will be conveyed through belt conveyor of capacity 2 x 420TPH up to the stockyard /

crushers. Coal from the trucks/conveyor will be fed to the forward belt conveyors

through feeders and belt conveyor. In case Indian coal of size 300mm is received, then

the same will be crushed in Primary Crushers into (-)25 mm size suitable for stacking /

crushing. This is necessitated by the fact that coal can be easily stored with sizes ranging

from (-) 25mm and will be difficult to store 300mm sized coal and reclaim .Three nos

Primary crushers (2 W+ 1S) of capacity 420 TPH each will be provided with two primary

vibrating screens (two operating and one standby) Two streams of conveyors (one

operating and one standby), each of 420 TPH are proposed for coal feeding from


stockpile to bunkers. The crushed coal will be fed to the bunkers of the boiler through

series of conveyors and traveling trippers located on the bunkers

The proposed coal stock yard will have a storage capacity of about 75,000 tonnes of coal

which is approximately 30 days’ requirement.

Coal unloaded into the unloading hoppers will be evacuated by the belt conveyor and fed

on to either of the Vibrating Screens in the Crusher House. Inline magnetic separator

and Metal Detector will be provided on belt conveyor at the entry to crusher house.

Vibrating Screens are used for screening out (-) 25 mm coal present in the feed.

The (-) 25 mm coal from the Vibrating Screens will be directly fed on to the Belt

Conveyor. The Coal of size above 25 mm from Vibrating Screens will be fed into either of

the Crushers ( 3 x 50% capacity) for crushing it down to (-) 25 mm size.

The crushed coal will be fed to the bunkers of the boiler through series of conveyors and

traveling trippers located on the bunkers. Whenever coal bunkers are full and the

unloading of trucks is necessitated by the arrival of coal, crushed coal will be stacked in

the stack yard neatly by Dozers. In the absence of non availability of Stacker and Coal

from the stack yard will be reclaimed by front end loader / bull dozers and loaded to

ground hoppers for further feeding to bunkers.

The coal storage area will be provided with necessary fire hydrant system and dust

suppression system.

2.3.2.2 Diesel Oil:

Light diesel oil will be used during starting and High Speed will be used for stabilization.

Pulverised fuel type boiler/ CFBC are preferred because of its proven performance and

very effective combustion in tangential firing. Light diesel Oil / HSD will be used as start

up and stabilization fuel upto 30% BMCR. LDO /HSD will be sourced from nearest depots

of Oil Companies.

The fuel oil requirement of 2 x 135 MW unit shall be procured from nearest depot to the

site and shall be stored in tanks of 2 x 500 KL capacity for HSD and 1 x 200 KL capacity

for LDO. The dyke shall be equipped with dyke and fire fighting equipments.

2.4 FUEL ANALYSIS

The coal analyses for Indian and Imported coal is as mentioned below

Table 2.3 Analysis of coal

Parameters Unit Indian Coal Imported Coal

C % 34.43 46.0

H2 % 2.26 3.48


S % 0.4 0.9

N2 % 0.75 0.86

O2 By Difference % 12.16 7.76

Total Moisture % 10 33

Ash % 40 8

Total % 100 100

Grin debility Index - 50 >50

Coal size will be of less than 50 mm size. As the coal will have to be pre-crushed to a

size of 0 - 25 mm suitable for Boiler firing, the requirement of further crushing is very

less compared to the Indian Raw Coal, which will have a size upto 300 mm.

Table 2.4: Analysis of HSD

Characteristics Result

Total Sulphur content 4.5% (Max)

Gross Calorific Value About 10300kCal/kg

Flash Point (Min.) 66º C

Water content by Volume (Max.) 1.0 %max

Sediment by weight (Max.) 0.25%

Asphaltene content by weight (Max.) -

Kinematic Viscosity in centistokes at 50

Deg.C

169

Ash Content by weight (Max.) 0.1%

Acidity (in inorganic) Nil

Pour Point (Max.) 24º C (Max.)

Sodium Content --

Vanadium Content 25 ppm

Specific heat (kCal/kg. Deg.C) 0.5

Table 2.5: Analysis of light diesel oil

Characteristics Results

Pour Point (Max.) 12º C & 18º C for Summer

and Winter respectively

Kinematic viscosity in Centistokes at 38 Deg.C 7.5

Water content, percent by volume (Max.) 0.25


Sediment percent by mass (MAX.) 0.25

Total sulfur percent by mass (Max.) 0.5

Ash percent by mass (Max.) 0.01

Carbon residue (Rans bottom) percent by wt. (Max.) NA

Acidity in organic Nil

Flash point (Min.) (Pensky Martens) closed cup 66º C

Acidity, total, mg of KOH/g (Max.) Nil

Copper strip corrosion for 3 hours at 100 Deg.C. Not worse than No.2

Gross Calorific Value About 10,400 kCal/kg

2.5 PROCESS DESCRIPTION

The Plant will primarily consist of Two Pulverized fuel fired Boiler or Circulating fluidized

Bed Combustion (CFBC) boilers and Two Steam Turbine Generator with all other

equipments and systems. Light diesel oil will be used during starting and High speed oil

will be used for stabilization. Pulverized fuel type boiler is preferred because of its proven

performance and very effective combustion in tangential firing. The power plant will be

based on the traditional RANKINE CYCLE which is being used in almost all power plants.

It is proposed to have steam parameters of 140 atm pressure at 540 ± 5 ° C

temperature. The feed water temperature entering economizer will be 240 deg c.

Process and Control Mechanism

Steam Turbine Generators (STG) are the main assembly in the Power Plant. Indian/

Imported Coal shall be used as main fuel in the STG. The steam generator(s) shall be

Pulverised coal fired Boilers or Circulating fluidized Bed Combustion (CFBC) boilers.

The steam generator shall receive the water from specialized Water Treatment System

(DM plant); which shall convert raw water to soft water suitable for the steam generator

application. The steam generated will be passed through the Turbine attached to it

wherein the steam will rotate the coil of turbine in magnetic field to produce electricity.

This electrical energy will be supplied at step-up transformer; from where, it is

transmitted at high voltage to step-down transformer for distribution.

Part of the steam shall be used to regenerate the feed water temperature and thereby

improve the thermodynamic cycle efficiency. The steam during this process gets cooled

and then; it shall pass through Air Cooled Condenser. This condensate so formed shall

be pumped back with pumps to the deaerator and then to the steam generator.

The coal combustion will emit exhaust gases, which shall be passed through an

Electrostatic Precipitator, which will reduce the emission levels before passing out


through the chimney. The ash generated from the steam generator shall be sent through

a high-pressure pneumatic system to transfer ash to a silo.

The major equipments of the proposed Power Plant are:

1. Pulverized coal fire Boiler/ Circulating fluidized Bed Combustion (CFBC) boilers (2

nos.)

2. Steam Turbine Generator (STG)

3. Air Cooled Condensor

In addition to these three main equipments, the plant will have all necessary auxiliary

system such as recirculating water system, water dematerializing plant, fire fighting

system and electrical system including power distribution equipment.

2.6 MAJOR MECHANICAL EQUIPMENTS & AUXILIARIES/ UTILITY

The Proposed units of the thermal station will be designed to operate at rated conditions

with coal as main fuel. The layout consists of station building, fuel storage and handling

system, closed cooling water system, switchyard and other auxiliary buildings.

2.6.1 Steam Generator

The steam generator will be pulverised coal fired or CFBC, single reheat, dry bottom,

balanced draft, for outdoor installation. Natural circulation steam generator has been

considered keeping In view the abrasive quality of coal, Boiler design will also be suitable

for variable pressure operation from 30% to 100% BMCR with 15% throttle margin as

well as constant pressure mode of operation. Steam generator will be capable of running

on two shifts and cyclic duty operation. Boiler will be designed to use 100% Indian coal /

100 % Imported coal / blending of Indian coal and Imported coal in any desired

proportion.

The main parameters at 100% BMCR will be as follows:

1. Main steam flow at superheater outlet: 440 t/hr

2. Pressure at superheater outlet: 137 ata

3. Temperature at SH outlet: 540°C

4. Pressure at Reheater outlet: 21.7ata

5. Temperature at SH outlet: 540°C

6. Feed water temp, at economizer Inlet: 240 °C (indicative)

The steam generator will consist of a front wall fired or corner fired, water cooled

furnace, radiant and convection superheaters, attemperator, reheaters, economizer,

rotary airheaters, primary air fans, forced draft fans, induced draft fans, fuel oil pumps,


oil burning and heating equipment, coal mills with associated coal feeders, coal burners,

etc. The type of mills will be bowl mill or ball and race mill or tube mill, which will be

decided during the detailed engineering. Electrostatic precipitators and fly ash hoppers

with associated piping will be provided for the collection of ash. Soot blowers will be

provided at strategic locations and will be designed for sequential automatic operation

from the control room.

The steam generator will be designed to maintain the rated superheater steam

temperature control over the range of 40 to 100% BMCR. Similarly the reheat steam

temperature control range will be between 60 to 100%. The superheater & reheater

desuperheating station will have provision for spraying water tapped off from feed water

piping / BFP interstage tap-off. The steam generator will be provided with a set of soot

blowers with remote automatic sequential operation arranged for on-load cleaning of the

various heat transfer surfaces. The steam for the soot blowers will be taken from the

secondary superheater outlet after the pressure reducing station.

Two nos. of Steam Coil Air Pre-Heater (SCAPH) will be provided at the outlet of each F.D.

fan, and will be installed close to the regenerative air heater. The SCAPH is of modular

construction type with oval fin tubes. The SCAPH will be designed to maintain the

average metal temperature of regenerative air pre-heater cold elements 10°C above the

acid dew point temperature by increasing the temperature of air during start-up and

very low load operation. The regenerative air preheater is of Trisector vertical type. The

air heater will be leak proof and relatively maintenance free. These air preheaters will be

designed passively to avoid the low temperature corrosion of the cold end section of the

air heater parts.

2.6.2 Auxiliary Steam System

Unit will be provided with auxiliary pressure reducing and de-superheating stations

(PRDS) taking the steam tap offs from MS line. The high capacity auxiliary PRDS will be

designed for an ultimate capacity of 30 T/hr approx. auxiliary steam. The auxiliary steam

parameters will be 16 kg/cm2 (abs) pressure and 210°C temperature.

Unit will have its own auxiliary steam header whereas for station services, common

steam header is also envisaged. Arrangement will also be provided to meet the mill fire

fighting requirements.

2.6.3 Turbine and its auxiliaries

The scope of TG unit of 2 x 135 MW will broadly cover the turbine and its integral

systems like Control Oil system, Lube oil System, Automatic Turbine Run-up System,

Bypass system, Condensers, Condenser Air Evacuation system, complete Regenerative

Feed Heating system, Condensate Pumps with drives, Boiler Feed Pumps with drives, LP


Chemical Dosing system, Auxiliary Equipment cooling water system, Instrumentation

and Control devices, equipment and systems such as Turbine Supervisory Instruments,

Turbine Protection and Interlock system, Automatic Turbine Testing system etc

The steam turbine will be of tandem compounded regenerative, condensing,

multicylinder design with common HP and LP casing and directly coupled to the

generator suitable for indoor installation. Double casing turbine design will be preferred.

The turbine will be designed for constant pressure operation and will be suitable for

variable pressure operation. Depending on the capability of the machine, alternative for

over pressure operation will be considered. The turbine will be suitable for cyclic

operation although it is intended for base load operation. The turbine will be provided

with suitable margins for VWO flow. It will have the following design and duty conditions:

Maximum continuous rating at the generator terminals (excluding

the power required for excitation in case of static excitation system

: 135 MW

Turbine throttle steam pressure : 135 kg/sq.cm

Turbine throttle steam temperature : 535° C

Turbine reheat steam temperature : 535° C

Design ambient air temperature : 41 °C

Turbine speed : 3000 rpm

Frequency variation : + 3% to – 5% (47.5

Hz to 51.5 Hz)

Number of extractions for regenerative feed water heating : 5

Final feed water temperature : 240° C

2.6.4 Air Cooled Condenser

The condenser will be air cooled condenser designed as per the requirements of heat

exchange Institute Standards for Steam Condensers, API 661 and ASME. The materials

used willl be conforming to acceptable and reputed material specifications and standards.

The condenser will be sized to condense the maximum quantity of exhaust steam (i.e.

when the extraction is minimum) and will be adequately sized ' to cater to all conditions

of operation such that condenser will never be a bottleneck at any stage of operation.

The exact condenser parameters will be optimized on the basis of site data and most

economical combination of cooling surface and circulating water quantity. The condenser

will be designed as per HEI. The ACC will be suitable for outdoor installation. The ACC

will be direct air cooled type with forced draft. The noise levels will meet with the OSHA

requirements. The ACC will be of 'A' frame type supported on RCC frame. The


arrangement of the ACC will be in 2 rows preferably, with seven modules on each row

.The air flow control through the ACC will be through fan's speed control with two speed

motors or single speed motor with VFD. Automatic tube cleaning system will be

provided.

Condenser Design Criteria:-

i) Design ambient air temperature 41 °C max

ii) Design back pressure 0.176 kg/cm2 (abs)

2.6.5 Auxiliary Cooling System

A hybrid system comprising of fin fan cooler & Auxiliary cooling tower will be provided for

each unit. The generator air cooler, oil coolers of the turbo-generator, boiler feed Pump,

fan in boiler etc. will be supplied with cooling condensate in a closed cycle water system

comprising of DM water, Fin fan cooler, CCW pumps, overhead tank arrangement for the

initial filling and its make-up requirement, Auxiliary cooling tower and a plate heat

exchanger. The pH value of cooling water will be maintained by chemical injection. In

view of maximum ambient temperature prevailing at 41°C, one no cooling tower with a

plate heat exchanger has been included to supplement the cooling effect in order to suit

the cold water requirement of coolers in BTG auxiliaries. The Cooling tower make up

water can be met from soft water from DM plant or service water depending on the

quality of raw water.

2.6.6 Furnace

The furnace will be radiant, dry bottom type with tangential firing (in case of corner fired

type) and enclosed by water cooled, all welded membrane walls communicating with

headers at top and bottom. The furnace bottom will be suitable for installation of dry

type bottom ash hopper. Necessary sealing arrangement will be provided at the bottom

of the furnace to suit dry ash handling. The superheater tubes will be a combination of

radiation and convection type. Single stage of spray type attemperator is envisaged to

control the superheater outlet temperature for varying loads. Economizer will be non

steaming type and will be of modular construction so that if required, addition of loops is

possible. To take care of high erosion properties of coal, sufficient erosion allowance will

be provided on heat transfer surfaces

2.6.7 Air and Flue Gas System

A balanced draft system will be adopted. There will be two (2) axial FD fans, 2 nos. axial

PA fans or individual PA fans for each mill and two (2) radial ID fans. Efforts will be made

to use power saving device like variable frequency drive, two speed motor or hydraulic

coupling (whichever works out to be techno economically most suitable at the detailed


engineering stage) for ID fan drive mechanism. Rotary type air pre-heaters will be used

for the secondary air and primary air. Bypassing of Air heaters will be adopted during

cold startup to avoid cold end corrosion. Alternatively suitable material will be selected

for cold end elements to avoid cold end corrosion.

The draft fans for the steam generator will be capable of maintaining balanced draft

condition in the furnace over the entire load range. The steam generators will be

supplied with a complete set of draft equipment including forced draft fan, induced draft

fan, primary air fan, seal / cooling air fan, damper and associated equipment. Two (2)

nos of 60% PA fan will be provided. The primary air fan will have the following suggested

margins.

Margin on volume: 25%

Margin on pressure: 30%

The draft plant for steam generator will be suitable for producing balanced draft with

sub-atmospheric pressure conditions for furnace. 2 x 60% FD and ID fan with all

auxiliaries. The sizing of fans will be based on the following margins over calculated

values at maximum duty conditions.

FD fan will be of constant speed, horizontal, axial type, Controlled by means of inlet vane

control whereas the ID fan will be of radial centrifugal type with control by means of

hydraulic coupling and inlet vanes. For each FD & ID fans forced oil lubrication system is

provided, which will consist of lube oil pumps, oil cooler, oil reservoirs, piping, valves,

duplex strainer etc. PA fans will be backward curved, radial fan with differential vane

control at the inlet of the fans. All necessary regulating and isolating dampers will be

provided for each fan for safe & efficient operation.

2.6.8 Fuel Oil Burning System

Startup and warm up will be done by LDO and low load operation will be done by HSD

The HSD system will be sized to meet 30% BMCR. Boiler will be so designed that oil

firing for flame stabilization will not be required beyond 30% MCR when firing coal of the

range specified. Necessary pumps, filters and heaters will be provided. The burners, air

registers etc. will have independent pneumatic drives and the entire operation of purging

and fuel sequencing, removal and blow off will be automatic. Scanners and burners will

be of retractable type when not in operation. Ignition of heavy oil will be directly by high

energy arc igniters. There will be light oil (HSD) firing in at least one burner elevation

having a minimum capacity of 7.5-10 % BMCR to facilitate a cold startup of the unit.

HSD system will be sized for 30% BMCR capacity of Boiler.


2.6.9 Soot Blowing System

The system will have short retractable rotary wall blowers for the furnace and long

retractable rotary blowers for the superheater, and economizer. . Fully automatic

sequentially controlled microprocessor based steam soot blowing control system, com-

plete with provision for Individual operation of any soot blower, and facility to bypass

any soot blower, will be provided.

2.6.10 Air Extraction System

Each unit shall comprise of (2x100%) vacuum pumps with all accessories for condenser

air evacuation. The mechanical vacuum pumps and accessories shall be used to create

vacuum by removing air and non-condensable gases from steam condenser during plant

operation.

2.6.11 Lube Oil System

Turbine generator will have a complete self contained lubrication oil system. The system

will cater to the lubrication requirements of the bearings of turbine generator, supply oil

to the hydraulic turning gear (if applicable) during start-up and shut down and jacking

requirements during turning gear operation, under emergency condition.

The system will specifically include the following:

The main oil pump will be centrifugal or gear type and will be driven by the turbine. It

will have sufficient capacity to handle lube oil requirement of the bearings and

emergency seal oil requirements.

During start up and shut down, the oil requirement of TG set will be met by 1x100% AC

driven auxiliary oil pumps.

These pumps will draw oil directly from the main oil tank and discharge oil into the

pressure oil line and continue in service till the main oil pump takes over the oil supply.

A DC driven emergency lube oil pump will be provided to meet bearing lubrication

requirements under low lube oil pressure caused by failure of other pumps.

One (1x100%) AC motor driven and one (1x100%) DC motor driven jacking oil pumps

will be provided to lift the rotor at the bearing during turning gear operation. The pumps

will take suction from main oil tank.

The oil for lubrication will be cooled in (2x100%) oil coolers. The cooling medium will be

DM water (condensate quality).A lube oil purification unit will be permanently purifying

20% of the total oil charge in the system per hour on a continuous bypass basis. Each

unit will be complete, self contained with centrifuge, explosion proof motors, motor

driven feed pumps, heaters etc. Turbine set will be provided with a main oil tank of


sufficient capacity to allow about 8 oil changes per hour to liberate entrained air.

Connection to the centralized lube oil storage & purification system will be provided for

storing and purifying oil from unit lube oil tanks and also transferring new oil to the lube

oil tanks.

2.6.12 HP / LP Bypass

HP/ LP bypass system will be provided for the 135 MW Turbine.

The HP/LP bypass or Turbine bypass station shall be capable of meeting the following

requirements:

• Quick startup of the steam generator from cold, warm and hot conditions.

• Parallel operations of the bypass with turbine in the event of large load throw off.

• House load operations followed by large load throw off.

• To keep the steam generator in operation to avoid a fire out in the steam generator

following full load rejection.

The HP/LP bypass system shall be sized for 60% of BMCR (steam flow at rated main

steam conditions. The HPLP bypass will be sized for steam inlet conditions (pressure and

temperature) in HRH line as those corresponding to 60% MCR.

2.6.13 Boiler Feed Pumps

It is proposed to have a 2 x 100% motor driven boiler feed pumps per unit with the

booster pumps mounted on the common shaft. Each pump will be designed to deliver

440 T/hr feed water at pressure of 160 Kg/cm2(g) {tentative). One feed pump will be

capable of meeting the full requirement of the boiler turbine unit with the other pump as

a standby. Boiler feed pump will be located at ground floor, and will be accessible to

turbine house EOT crane for erection and maintenance. The feed pump will be able to

handle feed water of PH 8.5 to 9.5 and of temperature upto 185-deg.C. The boiler feed

pumps will be of horizontal, centrifugal type, stiff shaft design fitted with mechanical

seals. The boiler feed pumps outer casing will be of barrel type with end rotor removal.

The inner pump assembly comprising of shaft, Impellers, stage casings will be capable of

being removed and replaced as a unit without disturbing the feed piping. Each feed

pump will be provided with ARC type recirculation valve to protect the pump under low

flow condition. The boiler feed water system will be designed to operate primarily on an

automatic mode over the range of system design loads. The arrangement will provide

automatic start-up of the standby pump under conditions like working oil pump failure,

discharge header pressure low etc. The feed flow will be controlled by throttling the feed

control valve whereas hydraulic coupling will be utilized to achieve speed control to

motor driven pumps. Provision will be made for warm up of stand by pump


2.6.14 Condensate Pumps

Each unit will have 2x100% capacity motor driven condensate extraction pumps (one

operating and one standby). The condensate pumps will be horizontal centrifugal type,

multistage, centrifugal diffuser design with a double suction first stage designed for

condensate extraction service having low suction head requirement, one pump will be

capable of handling the condensate from the condenser together with feed heater drains

when the machine is operating at VWO with 3% make-up and discharging this quantity

through the condensate polishing unit and the LP heaters to the deaerator, The pump

will have adequate margins on capacity and head to cater for most adverse conditions of

operation such as

• Turbine bypass in operation

• HP heaters out of service and unit operating at its maximum load during an under

frequency operation

2.6.15 Electric Power Supply System

There are number of C&l systems and equipment which have to be powered in a plant.

The reliable and good quality AC power supply can only be provided by uninterrupted

power supply system. Another important aspect which has to be kept in mind while

finalizing the electrical power supply philosophy is the importance of segregation of the

power supplies so as to avoid common mode failures on account of power supplies,

Faults. In view of this, it is envisaged to provide following electric power supply system

for this project:

Uninterrupted power supply (UPS) system to feed the important C&l package loads

including DDCS, back up secondary instruments, annunciation system, and oxygen

analyzers etc. In addition to the C&l package loads, the peripherals for SG package C&l

system, and TG package C&l system would also be fed from this UPS. The UPS would

consist of 2x100% chargers & 2x100% Inverters, 100% battery banks, and 2x100% DC

distribution &. 2x100% AC distribution boards.

DC emergency backup power supply system would be provided for CLCS & OLCS

hardware consisting of 100% battery bank, 2x100% chargers & 2x100% DC distribution

boards.

2.7 POWER EVACUATION

It is envisaged to evacuate the balance of power after utilizing the power within the plant

for power plant auxiliaries to the state electricity grid through the nearest 220kV

substation at Suva after utilizing the power within the plant for power plant auxiliaries.


2.8 ENVIRONMENT PARAMETERS

2.8.1 WATER

Source

The main source of water to the plant will be from Luwara Branch Canal by Sardar

sarovar Narmada Nigam Ltd. The water allocation letter from the same is attached

herewith as annexure 4.

Water storage

• The plant water for the project will be taken from the Luwara Branch Canal by

Sardar sarovar Narmada Nigam Ltd through properly sized pipe lines. The piping

will be sized adequately to cater water for the entire plant consumption including

future expansion.

• River water received from water intake system will be stored in a reservoir of

40000 m³ capacities (15days’ storage to take care of any stoppage in supply

system).

Water consumption and waste water generation

The major water requirement in the operation of power plant will be for DM water for

boiler, cooling, service water, domestic use etc

Fresh water quantity of 1997.48 m3/day for the proposed project shall be obtained from

Luwara Branch canal. The major consumption of water will be in boiler for steam

generation and make up water for cooling.

The detailed water balance diagram showing the water consumption and waste water

generation for the entire power plant is as given in chapter 4, section 4.4, page 4-11.

2.8.2 Air Pollution Control Equipments

2.8.2.1 Electrostatic precipitators

It is proposed to install high efficiency electrostatic precipitators to limit the outlet

emission to 50 mg/Nm³ while the boiler is operating at its MCR, firing worst coal having

maximum ash content. The electrostatic precipitators will have two (2) parallel gas

streams, isolated from each other on electrical as well as gas side. Gas tight dampers

will be provided at inlets and outlets of each stream so as to allow maintenance to be

carried out safely on the faulty stream, while the unit is working. ESP specific collection

area will not be less than 220 m2/m3 /sec at 100% BMCR and worst coal firing condition.

Electrostatic precipitators will be provided with microprocessor based programmable type

rapper control system and ESP management system to ensure the safe and optimum

operation. Opacity meters will be provided at the ESP outlet for performance


optimization and for remote indication. ESP Transformer rectifier sets will use silicon oil

as the cooling medium. The dust collection hoppers below ESP will have a minimum

storage capacity of eight (8) hours while firing worst coal. The hoppers will have heating

arrangements to prevent ash sticking to the sloping sides and down pipes. Level

indicators to indicate and trip the ESP in case of high ash levels in the ash hoppers while

will jeopardize the safety of ESP are also envisaged.

In case of power supply, tripping of ESP interlock system shall be provide and the whole

system will shut down.

The Electrostatic precipitator shall be designed for a dust concentration not exceeding 50

mg / NM3 at ESP outlet with worst coal firing and with N-1 fields, i.e. any one field out of

service in each pass/stream. Also one more additional empty field provision with similar

hopper shall be incorporated so that stringent environment stipulation can be met in

future.

Online monitoring system shall be provided to monitored the pollutant emissions from

stack.

Table 2.6: Technical details of ESP

Parameters Details

No. of system 1

No. of field 7 in 1 stream

No. of stand by fields 1

No. of ID fans 2 X 60 %

Outlet gas from ESP 50 mg/nm3

Flow rate 230 m3/sec

Specific Collection area 180 m2/m3 /sec

Voltage 110 KV

Gas velocity 0.9 m/s

Type EMIGI or tumbling hammer with

rapping mechanism.


2.8.2.2 Bag filters

To control fugitive emissions in different area of operation bag filter is installed. Capacity

of same is mentioned in the table below.

Table 2.7: Bag filter details

Parameters Details

Capacity 24000 m3/hr

Nos. of system 1

Nos. of bags 180

Diameter 160 mm

Length 3000 mm

Air to cloth ratio 1.51

Filteration area 270 m2

Dust loading of outlet gas

from bag filter

50 mg/Nm3

Dust cleaning system Pulse jet air

2.8.2.3 Provision of future Installation of flue gas de sulphurising system

(FGD)

Space provision for the FGD system, to be installed in future (if required), will be kept

behind the chimney. The design and layout of steam generator and its auxiliaries will be

such that a wet/dry flue gas de-sulphurisation system can be installed in future, taking

suction from duct after ID fan and feeding the de-sulphurisation flue gases back to the

chimney with provision for bypassing the FGD system.

2.8.3 Solid Waste

The solid waste generated shall be fly ash and bed ash. The total quantity of ash

generated is as mentioned below:

Total ash generated :

:

1977 MT/day with Indian coal

287 MT/day with Imported coal

The impact and the management plan for the same including detail ash handling and

disposal system are discussed in chapter 4 & 5 respectively.


2.9 UTILITIES

2.9.1 Raw Water Treatment Plant:

This plant meets the make up water requirement of steam generator auxiliary boiler and

consists of pre treatment plant followed by a demineralization plant. the fresh water

from the storage tank will be filtered in the pre treatment plant with M.G filter, ultra

filter and micro cartridge filter after proper chlorination followed by dechlorination before

supply to DM plant.

For 2 units DM water requirement will be 84 m³/hr. One day’s requirement will have to

be met in 18 hrs’ of operation of DM plant. The DM water requirement is mainly for

boiler make up 27 m3/Hour and CCW make up is only 0.2m3/Hour.

Hence two streams of ion exchange units each with a normal capacity of 164.44 m³/hr

consisting of cation, anion, degasser and mixed bed units with associated regeneration

system are proposed. Exact layout depending on the influent quality of permeate water

will be decided later. Each stream will operate for 18 hours a day.

The effluent of the WT plant will have a conductivity of less than 0.1 micro-mhos/cm at

20 °C and total dissolved solids (TDS) not more than 0.2 ppm in which silica content is

not higher than 0.02 mg/1 as SiO2. The Demineralised water will be stored in two DM

water storage tanks each of 300 m³ capacity (to meet 24 hrs’ requirement of the plant).

3 x 50% capacities pumps each of 20 m³/hr capacity for 2 x 135 MW unit capacities with

two working and one standby, are proposed to pump the DM water to the DM make up

tank.

Individual M.S. rubber lined pipelines are proposed to the condensate storage tanks. Two

100% capacity makeup pumps each of 70 m³/hr capacity with one working and one

standby are proposed to pump the DM water to CST from DM make up tank through

individual rubber-lined pipe lines. Equipment for phosphate, hydrazine, morpholine or

ammonia dosing consisting of dilution tanks, preparation tanks and metering pumps will

be provided for internal water treatment of boiler feed system to prevent scaling and

corrosion of the system components.

2.9.1.1 Raw Water Chlorination System

Chlorine will be dosed in raw water in order to control organic matter and ensure

suitability of water for downstream use. Raw Water Chlorinators draw Chlorine from

Chlorine cylinders. Raw water chlorination will be done at the inlet to MGF before UF

module.


2.9.1.2 Service Water System

Water will be drawn from raw water reservoir for service water system, potable water

system & fire water system. Service water will be pumped with the help of 2 x 100%

service water transfer pumps to an Overhead service water tank of capacity about 300

m³. Further distribution for various points of use will be done from this tank by gravity

except for boiler floor wash for which the water will be pumped using booster pumps.

This system mainly supplies water required for dust suppression in the coal handling

areas, air washer and air conditioning system makeup, air preheater washing (in case of

regenerating type) , plant washing, gardening and toilets.

2.9.1.3 Potable Water System

The quality of drinking water required for the plant is filtered and chlorinated water. The

main source of potable water is from raw water storage tank. Necessary pre treatment

system will be provided to convert raw water into potable quality water. Two 100%

capacity pumps, one working and one standby each of 5 m³/hr are envisaged for

supplying the plant potable water.

2.9.1.4 Closed Cooling Water System

Each unit will be provided with a hybrid system of auxiliaries cooling system. The hybrid

system proposed consists of 2 sets circulating pumps, Finfan coolers, Expansion tank,

chemical dosing system, Cooling tower etc., 2 x 100% capacity Closed cooling water

pumps each of 1400m³/hr and 30 m head will be provided for aux.cooling system . The

total capacity of water will be based on the amount of heat to be removed from the

condenser and on the allowable temperature rise of the circulating water while passing

through the coolers. The hot water from coolers will be passed thru’ a Fin fan cooler for

exchanging heat to the ambient air. The cold water from Fin fan cooler will be passed

thru’ another Plate heat exchanger where cooling effect will be supplemented by cold

water circulated from a Cooling tower of 700 m³/hr capacity in order to bring down the

temperature of cold water inlet to BTG auxiliaries as required by BTG auxiliaries. This

arrangement is necessitated by the fact that during summer the cold water outlet from

Finfan cooler may not meet the exact requirement. The cooling tower will be of induced

draft, multi-cell design and counter flow type with 2 x 100 % Circulating pumps.

Thecapacity of cooling tower will be based on amount of water required to be cooled and

for a cooling range of 9°C. The cooling tower will be of FRP construction. The make up

for the losses in the cooling tower will be made up from the soft water system in DM

plant through adequately sized pumps. The quantity of makeup will depend upon the

cycle of concentration to be maintained in the CW system. Side stream filters and

chemical dosing will be provided for CTs.


2.9.2 Effluent Treatment Plant

Guard pond and oil separators shall be installed as part of ETP scheme. The waste water

generated from plant washing and oil unloading area washing will mainly consist of oily

waste water which shall be treated by passing though oil separators.

The waste water from all the other streams shall be taken to neutralization pit wherein

pH correction will be done and the stream shall later be drawn to guard pond. The

dilution of waste water shall be done in the guard pond and later the water will be used

for gardening, coal handling and dust suppression, plant washing etc. The quality of

water in guard pond shall confirm to the statutory requirement. The detail treatability

study of same is discussed in chapter 4.

Neutralization pit will be provided for 110 m3 considering the retention time of 12 hrs.

Skimmer tank volume will be of 2 m3 considering retention time 30 minutes which shall

be sufficient to cater the total load of waste water.

2.9.3 D G SET

D G set of 500 KVA shall be installed at project site as stand by arrangement. 45 lit/day

LDO/ HSD will be used as fuel. The stack height of the same will be 7 m.

Draft EIA report of Narmada Thermal Power Limited 3-1

Chapter -3 Baseline Environmental Status

The pre project environmental quality in the vicinity of a site identified for proposed

industrial development was collected as the baseline status and also for identification of

significant environmental concerns/ impacts corresponding to project area. The baseline

environmental quality is assessed through field studies within the impact zone for

various individual components of environment, viz. Air, Noise, Water, Land, Biological

and Socio-economic. The present Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment study

comprised pre-project environmental quality monitored during summer season within 10

km around the proposed site. The field surveys for all environmental components were

accomplished during study period for assessment of baseline environmental status.

3.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT

The quality of air depends on the meteorological conditions, back ground concentration

of the pollutants and the emission source. Based on the existing air environment, the

impact due to the upcoming project is quantified. The baseline air environment is studied

within 10 Km radius from the proposed project site during summer season (March - May

2011) and the results are tabulated in this section.

3.1.1 Design Network for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations

The following criterion was taken into account in the design of ambient air quality

monitoring network:

The priority area for air monitoring/samplingwas identified by considering the

predominant wind direction and wind speed (source: Indian Meteorological Department),

topography / terrain of the study area, density of population within the region,

residential and sensitive areas. Meteorological data at the project site during study

period is an essential requirement for proper interpretation for baseline air quality status

and same is also useful in prediction of impacts through mathematical models.

3.1.2 Meteorology Station

Meteorological study is a crucial part in Environmental Impact Assessment Study. In

order to assess the background environmental conditions a weather monitoring station

was installed at a height of 3 m above the ground level in the project vicinity for

continuous recording of micro meteorological parameters like wind speed, wind direction,

cloud cover, rainfall, air temperature and relative humidity. This site is free from


hindrance and open from all direction. The collected meteorological data during summer

season were analyzed for hourly variation.

The following meteorological parameters were recorded during the study period:

• Wind speed

• Wind direction

• Temperature

• Humidity

• Rainfall

• Cloud Cover

Temperature

Average temperature in the study area varied between 17oC to 43oC during the study

period. Mean daily variation of maximum, minimum and average temperature were

recorded at site during March-May 2011.

Relative Humidity

Relative humidity in the study area was found varied between 12 % to 91 %. Mean daily

variation of maximum, minimum and average Humidity at site was also recorded.

Pressure

The air pressure in the study area was observed to vary between 1001 hpa to 1016 hpa

during March-May 2011. Mean daily variation of maximum, minimum and average

Pressure at site was recorded during study period.

Wind Speed

The wind speed in the study area was observed between Calm to 13.61 m/s. The

average wind speed in the area was observed 2.54 m/s. Mean daily variation of

maximum, minimum and average Wind speed at site was recorded during study period.

Wind Direction

From the wind rose diagram it is observed that predominant wind direction is SW to NE

and the windrose diagram 3.1.

Rainfall

No rainfall observed in the study area during the study period.

Cloud cover

In the study area, clear weather prevails in most of the time during study period.

Draft EIA report of Narmada

Figure 3.1: W

3.1.3 One season AAQ dat

Ambient air quality was mo

standard guidelines of CP

parameters such as PM10, P

Thermal Power Limited

ind Rose Diagram of Summer Season 2

ta

onitored twice in week for 24 hourly ave

PCB and NAAQS. The conventional and

PM2.5, Sulphur Dioxide (SOx), and oxides o

3-3

2011

erage basis as per

d project specific

of nitrogen (NOx),

Draft EIA report of Narmada

were monitored at different

site during the study period.

3.1.3.1 Air monitoring Sta

Overall 4 locations were iden

site (salt pan) and four in su

study area is occupied by mu

this portion of the study area

Fig

Hence the monitoring locatio

of the project site.

The air monitoring locations

condition in the study area,

at a height of minimum 3 m

depicted on the study area m

Thermal Power Limited

monitoring location around 10 Km radius

ation

ntified for study of air quality including a st

urrounding villages. A North West and sout

ud flats and salt pans. No villages and habi

a.

gure 3.2: Air sampling locations

ons of were selected in the immediate sur

were also selected considering the prevail

the nearby road networks. The sampling s

m above the ground level. The air monito

map as given below in 3.2 (table 3.1).

3-4

s from the project

tation near project

th west part of the

itation observed in

rroundings villages

ing meteorological

station was placed

oring locations are


Table 3.1: Air monitoring locations

3.1.3.2 Method of Analysis

The different analysis method used for different pollutants with the minimum detection

limit is given in the table below table 3.2.

Table3.2: Analysis methods and Instrument details

Village Direction Approx. Aerial Distance

Latitude Longitude

Near

Project Site

NW 1.38Km 21° 47' 21.51" N 72° 35' 46.42" E

Padaria SE 1.92Km 21° 46' 54.01" N 72° 38' 10.42" E

Kadodara SE 3.39Km 21° 45' 55.10" N 72° 38' 33.29" E

Paniadara NE 2.37Km 21° 48' 00.57" N 72° 38' 11.19" E

Aladar NE 6.96 Km 21° 49' 27.30" N 72° 39' 37.17" E

Sr. No.

Name Of Parameter Monitoring Technique

Detection Limit Instrument Details

1 PM10 IS 5182 (Pt 23) 4μg/m3 Respirable Dust

sampler / Weigh

Balance

2 PM2.5 --- 2μg/m3 Fine Particulate

sampler/ Weigh

Balance

3 SO2 IS-5182(part 2):2001

EPA modified West and

Gaeke method

0.5 μg/m3 Gaseous sampler

attached with

Respirable Dust

sampler

Spectro Photometer

4 NOx IS-5182(part 6):2006

Jacobs – Hochheiser

method – First revision

5.5 μg/m3 Gaseous sampler

attached with

Respirable Dust

sampler / UV –VIS


3.1.3.3 Baseline Data

The Ambient Air Quality monitoring results are tabulated for the monitored locations and

presented in the following sections. The observed 24-hour Minimum, Maximum and

average value of PM10, PM2.5 SO2, NOx, concentrations have been presented in table 3.3.

Table 3.3: Analysis methods and Instrument details

PM10

The peak PM10 24-hours average concentrations in the study area were observed in the

range of 73 to 112μg/m3, with the average mean values in the range of 83to95 μg/m3.

At Station A1&A2windward directions shows air quality slightly higher side suggesting

significant agricultural based localised air quality impacts in the surrounding villages,

which are however average values are lower than that of the NAAQ standard (100

μg/m3) (figure 3.3).

Spectro Photometer

Parameters

Observed values

SAMPLING LOCATIONS

CPCB Limits Near

Project Site

Padaria Kadodara Paniadara Aladar

PM10

Min 73 80 47 79 18 100 Max 103 112 109 97 90 Avg 83 95 90 86 51 98 percentile 98.4 110 104 95.16 85.9

PM2.5

Min 31.1 33 26.9 32.7 20.2 60 Max 34.7 35.3 35.5 34.6 34.2 Avg 33.1 34 34.1 33.6 27.2 98 percentile 34.5 35.3 35.4 34.6 33.7

NOx Min 12 12 12 11 9.27 80 Max 19 20 20 18 16.40 Avg 14.71 15.8 15.50 13.75 12.89 98 percentile 18.54 20 19.54 17.8 16.40

SO2 Min 4 4 4 4 2.83 80 Max 9 9 10 9 6.10 Avg 6.8 6.38 6.29 6.17 4.46 98 percentile 8.54 9 9.54 9 6


Figure3.3: Measured Ambient PM10 concentration (μg/m3)

PM2.5

The minimum and maximum value for PM2.5 was found between 20.2to 35.5µg/m3, with

the avarage values ranges between27.2 to 34.1μg/m3 which is lower than that of the

NAAQ standard (60 μg/m3) (figure 3.4).

Figure 3.4: Measured Ambient PM2.5 concentration (μg/m3)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Nr. Pro. Site Padariya Kadodara Paniyadara Aladar

Concen

tration, µg/m3

Sampling location

PM10 level in the study area

Minimum

Maximum

Average

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

Nr. Proj. Site

Padariya Kadodara Paniyadara Aladar

Concen

tration, µg/m3

Sampling Location

PM2.5 level in the study area

Minimum

Maximum

Average


NOx

The nitrogen oxide concentration in the study area varied between 11 to 20 µg/m3, with

the mean values in the range of 12.89 to 15.8μg/m3 which is lower than that of the

NAAQ standard (80 μg/m3) (figure 3.5).

Figure3.5: Measured Ambient NOX concentration (μg/m3) SO2

The maximum average concentration of sulphur dioxide in the study area was observed

as 10µg/m3 where as the minimum 2.83 µg/m3 and average value ranges between

6.8µg/m3 to 6.17 µg/m3 (figure 3.6).

Figure3.6: Measured Ambient SO2 concentration (μg/m3)

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

Nr. Proj. Site

Padariya Kadodara Paniyadra Aladar

Minimum

Maximum

Average

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Nr. Pro. Site Padariya Kadodara Paniyadra Aladar

Concen

tration, µg/m3

Sampling Location

SO2 level in the study area

Minimum

Maximum

Average

draft environmental impact assessment...

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