ADDITIONAL INFORMATION FOR NOMINATION

IIT Roorkee Distinguished Alumnus Award

Category: Academic or Research Excellence

For

Dr. AJAY K. AGRAWALRobert F. Barfield Endowed Chair Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Nominated by

SATISH C. SHARMAPROFESSOR

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL AND INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

IIT ROORKEE

ROORKEE

June 11, 2020

Background Information: Professor Ajay K. Agrawal joined the Department of Mechanical Engineering (ME) at the University of Alabama (UA) in January 2005 as Robert F. Barfield Endowed Chair professor. Dr. Agrawal’s research is focused on combustion of conventional and alternative fuels to produce electricity (power generation), to transport for aviation, space, or vehicular applications, and to supply hear for manufacturing and industrial processes. Combustion of fuels is known to adversely affect the environment through greenhouse gas emissions, pollutants such as carbon monoxide, nitric oxides, soot, and even noise. Even though combustion has been around since the primitive man discovered fire, research advancement in the field, including those by Dr. Agrawal, have transformed the field, at least in the US and other developed countries. Todays’ power plants, cars, trucks, and aircrafts are cleaner and more efficient.

Dr. Agrawal’s research tackles energy issues in the modern technological and scientific framework with three primary goals: (1) reduce harmful emission (including noise) to facilitate clean combustion, (2) raise thermodynamic efficiency to curtail greenhouse gas emissions, and (3) improve fuel flexibility to increase use of alternative fuels; the logo of the Combustion Laboratories expresses these thrusts. Dr. Agrawal’s research has impacted multiple fields and applications: gas turbines for power generation and aviation, diesel engines, industrial furnaces, manufacturing, biofuels, etc. These efforts have raised reputation of Engines and Combustion Laboratory that he leads, which is considered among the top combustion research institutions in the country with peers such as Georgia Tech, Purdue University, and the University of Michigan. This is a significant achievement made possible by Dr. Agrawal’s passionate research and teaching efforts. Professor Agrawal has distinguished himself in two ways: (1) his research is built on fundamental combustion science, but it also tackles the next step of applying the foundational knowledge to develop innovative solutions for clean, efficient, and fuel-flexible combustion, and (2) his research extends far beyond a single discipline in combustion science, engineering, and technology. He has worked on gaseous and liquid fuel combustion, subsonic and supersonic combustion, combustion at low and high ambient pressures, etc. Above all, his research encompasses a wide range of industry: (1) gas turbines for power generation, (2) gas turbines for aviation and space propulsion, (3) industrial burners, boilers, and furnaces, and (4) diesel and gasoline engines for automobiles. Each of these applications offers emerging opportunities for ideas and innovations in combustion, and thus, Dr. Agrawal’s research is and will remain impactful well into the future.In 2020, Dr. Agrawal was recognized as the winner of the 39 th Burnum Distinguished Faculty award at the University of Alabama. This competitive award is given each year to one faculty member across all disciplines to recognize excellence in research, scholarship, and teaching. In 2013, Dr. Agrawal was chosen the 24th winner of UA’s Blackmon-Moody outstanding professor award for “Singular, exceptional, or timely work in the form of: research, product, program, or published material.”

Engineering Researcher Named UA’s Blackmon-Moody Outstanding Professor

November 4th, 2013

Dr. Ajay Agrawal, right, with graduate students

Justin Williams, left, and Joseph Meadows examine

the noise reduction device, or noise sponge, in

2012.

TUSCALOOSA, Ala. — Dr. Ajay K. Agrawal,

professor and Robert F. Barfield Endowed Chair in

Mechanical Engineering at The University of

Alabama, will receive the 2013 Blackmon-Moody Outstanding Professor Award Nov. 15 at the UA

President’s Mansion.

Agrawal, whose research expertise include combustion and fluid flow, invented the “noise sponge”

concept that uses strong, porous structures to reduce noise generated from gas flow in jet engines, power

generating gas turbines and industrial burners without compromising the combustion process.

In addition, Agrawal developed an innovative fuel injector that drastically reduces harmful emissions and

allows for clean combustion of fossil and alternative liquid fuels.

A fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Agrawal has been the recipient of several

research grants and is the world’s most published author on the topic of rainbow schlieren deflectometry,

an optical flow diagnostics technique used to quantitatively measure properties of fluid flows. Agrawal

has published more than 100 articles in technical journals and conferences.

Agrawal has also done fundamental and applied research on combustion and fluid flows for NASA, the

Department of Defense and the Department of Energy.

At UA, Agrawal has worked to increase the amount of doctoral students in mechanical engineering with

the help of two U.S. Department of Education funded Graduate Education in Areas of Need Fellowship

awards. In addition, he has so far supervised 14 doctorate and 26 masters’ graduates and guided research

for nearly 50 undergraduate students.

Agrawal founded the Institute for Sustainable Energy, ISE, at UA that focuses on domestically-produced

energy sources.  ISE hosted a seminar series that brought acclaimed speakers in combustion and energy

fields to the UA campus earlier this year.

Earning his bachelor’s degree in mechanical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology in

Roorkee, India, in 1980, he obtained his master’s degree at the Indian Institute of Technology in Kanpur,

India, in 1983. He received his doctorate from the University of Miami in 1988.

His research specialties include combustion and fluid flow in gas turbine systems; lean premixed,

hydrogen-enriched and alternate fuels; combustion inside porous materials, auto-ignition, and combustion

control; quantitative Rainbow Schlieren Deflectometry for optical diagnostics; combustion and fluid flow

in microgravity; applied computational fluid dynamics and design of thermal fluid systems

The Frederick Moody Blackmon and Sarah McCorkle Moody Outstanding Professor Award is presented

annually to a UA faculty member judged to have made extraordinary research contributions that reflect

credit on the individual, his or her field of study and on the University. It was created by Frederick

Moody Blackmon of Montgomery to honor the memory of his grandmother, Sarah McCorkle Moody of

Tuscaloosa.

In 1837, The University of Alabama became one of the first five universities in the nation to offer

engineering classes. Today, UA’s fully accredited College of Engineering has more than 4,100 students

and about 120 faculty. Students in the College have been named USA Today All-USA College Academic

Team members, Goldwater, Hollings, Portz and Truman scholars.

Dr. Agrawal’s research group (Top left to bottom right): Edward Bogdanowicz (PhD), Robert Miller (PhD), Jonathan Tobias (PhD), Allen Parker (PhD), Dalton Langner (PhD), Allen Loper (PhD), Shawn Reggeti (PhD), Christopher Wanstall (PhD), Dr. Joshua Bittle (Asst Prof), Dr. Agrawal, Mitch Johnson (PhD), Ashley James (UG), Kelsey Johnson (UG), and Kayla Bell (PhD). Not shown: Zack Harris (PhD), Sean Sawaya (UG), and Anna Stevenson (UG).

Currently, Prof. Agrawal is supervising research of eleven PhD students in various stages of the degree program (see Table 1). Previously, he has supervised research of nineteen PhD graduates; half of them joined academia upon graduation and the rest pursued industry or government careers (see Table 2). His PhD graduates are faculty at US universities such as Virginia Tech, University of Louisiana, and California State University, and internationally in India, Australia, and Saudi Arabia.

TABLE 1. LIST OF CURRENT DOCTORAL STUDENTS

No.

Student Name

Dissertation Title (Tentative) Comments

Expected Graduati

on1. Christopher

WanstallTime-Resolved Rainbow Schlieren Deflectometry (RSD) Technique for Optical Diagnostics of Fuel-Air Mixing and Combustion at Diesel Conditions

Bittle Co-advisor, Passed Qualifying Exam in Sp. 2019

05/2020

2. Jonathan Tobias

Time-Resolved Measurements of Supersonic Flow inside Methane-Fueled Rotating Detonation Combustor

Passed Qualifying Exam in Sp. 2019

08/2020

3. Shawn Reggeti

Time-Resolved Optical Diagnostics of Ignition, Combustion, and Soot Diagnostics for Diesel Engine Applications

Bittle Co-advisor, Qual Exam in Sp. 2019

12/2021

4. Zack Harris Fuel Effects on Diesel Combustion: Neural Networks from Experimental Data and Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis

Bittle Co-advisor, Qual Exam in Fall 2020

12/2021

5. Mitch Johnson

Passive Control of Thermoacoustic Instabilities in Lean Direction Injection Combustion for Aviation Gas Turbines

Qual Exam in Fall 2020

05/2022

6. Robert Miller

Investigation of Cell Size Structures in a Spiral Shock Tube Facility for Rotating Detonation Combustion Applications

Qual Exam in Summer 2020

05/2022

7. Allen Loper Multi-Injection Strategy for In-Cylinder Control of Emissions in High Compression Ratio Diesel Engines

Bittle Co-advisor, Qual Exam in Su. 2020

05/2022

8. Edward Bogdanowicz

Smart Fuel Injection Strategies for In-Cylinder Control of Emissions in High Efficiency Diesel Engines

Bittle Co-advisor, Started in Fall 2018

12/2022

9. Allen Parker Rainbow Schlieren Deflectometry Measurements of Fuel-Air Mixing at

Bittle Co-

05/2023

Diesel Conditions advisor, Started in Spring 2019

10. Kayla Bell Rotating Detonation Combustion Started in Fall 2019

TBD

11. Dalton Langner

Radial Rotating Detonation Combustion

Started in Fall 2019

TBD

TABLE 2. LIST OF DOCTORAL GRADUATES

No.

Student Name

Dissertation Title Date of Graduati

on

Current/Last Position/ Employer

1. Daniel Depperschmidt

Investigation of Methane-Fueled Rotating Detonation Combustor Exhaust Flow Field via Time-Resolved Particle Image Velocimetry

December 2019

Research Engineer, General Electric, Schenectady, NY

2. James Allen Flame Diagnostics of Swirl Stabilized Combustion Without and With Porous Inert Media For Passive Mitigation Of Thermo-Acoustic Instabilities

August 2018

Test Engineer, Bangham Engineering, Huntsville, AL

3. Yonas Niguse

Fuel Flexible Clean Combustion of Liquid Fuels by a Novel Twin-fluid Atomizer

August 2015

Professor-DesignUniversity of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA

4. Jiang Lulin Investigation of Atomization Mechanisms and Flame Structure of a Twin-Fluid Injector for Different Liquid Fuels

December 2014

Assistant Professor, Baylor University, Waco, TX

5. Joseph Meadows

Flow Diagnostics of Swirl Stabilized Combustion Without and With Porous Inert Media For Mitigation of Combustion Noise and Thermo-Acoustic Instabilities

August 2014

Assistant Professor, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg, VA

6. Troy J Dent Jr.

Meso-scale Power Generation Incorporating Heat Recirculation, Porous Inert Media, and Thermoelectric Modules

April 2012 Design Engineer, Quest Corporation, Albuquerque, NM

7. Tanisha Booker

Characterization of Hydrogen Combustion in a Direct Injected Constant Volume Combustion Chamber Using Rainbow Schlieren Deflectometry

December 2011

E31 Project Manager, Naval Surface Warfare Center

8. Benjamin Simmons

Atomization and Combustion of Liquid Biofuels

August 2011

Assistant ProfessorSouth Dakota School of Mines

9. Daniel Sequera

Reduction of Combustion Noise and Instabilities using Porous Inert Material with a Swirl-

December 2010

Baker Hughes, Houston, TX

Stabilized Burner10. Heena

PanchasaraSpray Characteristics and Combustion Performance of Unheated and Preheated Liquid Biofuels

August 2010

Assistant Professor, CQ University, Australia

11. Pankaj Kolhe Statistical Tomography for Scalar Turbulence Measurements using Line of Sight Optical Techniques

August 2009

Associate Professor, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad

12. Vijaykant Sadasivuni

Meso-scale Combustion of Liquid Fuels using Porous Inert Media

May 2008 Engineer, Air Liquide, Houston, TX

13. Rajani Satti Flow Structure of Low-Density Gas Jets and Gas Jet Diffusion Flames

December 2006

Baker Hughes,Houston, TX

14. Timothy Marbach

Meso-scale Porous Media Heat Recirculating Combustor

July 2005 Associate Professor, California State University, Sacramento, CA

15. Donald M. Wicksall

Lean Premixed Swirl-Stabilized Combustion of Gaseous Alternative Fuels

August 2004

Rolls Royce, Indianapolis, IN

16. Kasyap Pasumarthi

Buoyancy Effects on Flow Structure and Instability of Low-Density Gas Jets

May 2004 Intel Corporation, Portland, OR

17. Khalid Al-Ammar

Scalar Measurements and Analysis of Hydrogen Gas-Jet Diffusion Flames in Normal and Microgravity

May 1998 Associate Professor, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia

18. Nelson K. Butuk

Fluid Flow Diagnostics Using Rainbow Schlieren Imaging and Computer Tomography

December 1997

Chief Mechanical Software Engineer, Kip Energy Computing

19. Irish Hu A Presumed and Synthesized Probability Density Function Method for Non-Premixed Turbulent Reacting Flow Calculations

August 1994

Staff Engineer, GE Power Systems, Schenectady, NY

RESEARCH ACCOMPLISHMENTS: Dr. Agrawal has made major research contributions in three distinct technical areas: (1) passive control of noise and thermo-acoustic instabilities, (2) rainbow schlieren deflectometry, and (3) alternative fuel combustion. His current research is expanding into two emerging fields: (1) rotating detonation combustion to increase fuel efficiency, and (2) mixing controlled compression ignition for high-efficiency diesel engines. Two other topics define his seminal research during the early years: (1) meso-scale combustion, and (2) jet and flames in microgravity.

Dr. Agrawal invented the so-called “noise-sponge” concept that uses strong porous structures to reduce noise and acoustically driven pressure pulsations in combustion systems of gas turbines for power generation and industrial burners. This is a passive technique to control noise and thermoacoustic instabilities without compromising performance and/or emissions. The concept developed at UA with funding from the US Navy (through Ultramet Corporation) has been proven to work effectively for Lean Premixed Combustion (LPM) of gaseous fuels. A current NASA funded project has extended this concept to liquid fuels for aviation gas turbine, whereby the “noise-sponge” is combined with Lean Direct Injection (LDI) combustion pioneered at NASA. Manufacturing of turbine/aviation grade porous structures remains a challenge for practical implementation, but recent advancements in 3D additive printing of metal alloys has made it possible to optimize and customize the porous structures for demanding gas turbine applications. The concept offers far reaching implications for other applications including industrial flares, afterburners for military aircraft, etc. Dr. Agrawal pioneered the Rainbow Schlieren Deflectometry (RSD) technique for optical measurements of scalar properties in fluid flows. RSD technique was developed at NASA Glenn Research Center, but Dr. Agrawal is world’s most prolific author in this field, having published on nearly all technical aspects of the technique. RSD allows optical measurements of properties such as temperature, density, concentration, and pressure in non-reacting and reacting fluid flows with utmost accuracy, and high spatial and temporal resolutions. Recent advances in high-power broadband light sources and high-speed digital imaging systems have resulted in a resurgence of the RSD technique. For example, he has recently applied the technique to a very demanding application: to quantify fuel-air mixing at high pressures and temperatures encountered in diesel engine applications, to overcome the severe limitations of the existing laser-based techniques. Several groups around the world are pursuing new applications of the RSD technique (e.g., TU in Berlin, IIT Bombay) based on Dr. Agrawal’s research in the field. Dr. Agrawal’s research on alternative fuels is well recognized, particularly as it relates to industrial burners and power generating gas turbines. He developed a low-emission, fuel flexible liquid fuel combustion system based on “flow-blurring atomization”, a new method to produce fine spray regardless of the physical and/or chemical properties of the fuel. This innovative approach offers two major benefits: (1) alternative fuels including difficult to combust fuels can be used in an existing combustor designed for conventional fuels, and (2) the fine fuel spray results in

significantly lower (several times) emissions of pollutants. This concept strives to dispel the idea that fuels are inherently clean or dirty, but instead, it is the combustion process (controllable by smart combustor design) that makes them burn clean or dirty. Professor Agrawal’s research on alternative gaseous fuels, especially hydrogen enriched natural gas, is cited frequently in the alternative fuel literature. In recent years, Dr. Agrawal has ventured into Rotating Detonation Combustion (RDC) for gas turbines. RDC employs supersonic explosions or continuous detonations in a controlled manner to covert fuels’ chemical energy not only into temperature but also pressure, thereby raising the fuel efficiency, in addition to realizing significantly compact hardware for obvious benefits, especially for military and space propulsion applications such as hypersonic vehicles. Working with Aerojet-Rocketdyne Inc., and with funding from the Department of Energy, Dr. Agrawal has been instrumental is developing one of the most advanced RDC facilities in the world at UA’s Engine and Combustion Laboratory; only a few RDC facilities outside of the DOD and DOE government labs exist in the US. UA’s RDC facility is complete with the most advanced laser diagnostics, including time-resolved particle image velocimetry. His research team recently operated a natural gas fueled RDC for power generation, and acquired/reported, for the first time, detailed velocity measurement in this highly periodic, supersonic, reacting flow for the first time ever by anyone in the world. Optical diagnostics of fuel-air mixing at diesel conditions is another new area of research for Dr. Agrawal. Collaborating with junior faculty colleague, Dr. Joshua Bittle, and funding from the Department of Energy, Dr. Agrawal was instrumental in the design and development of a unique Constant Pressure Flow Rig (CPFR) and integrate it with the RSD (mentioned above) and other optical diagnostics techniques to investigate diesel combustion and methods to mitigate pollutant emissions. The diagnostics and test rig are novel, and together they make UA’s experimental facilities as one of a kind and at the cutting edge of the research in the field (notice the three competitively selected research grants on the subject). For these projects, he works closely with researchers at DOE’s Argonne National Laboratory and Sandia National Laboratory, and several high impact publications on diesel combustion are going through the publication process. He has also filed a patent that can dramatically reduce the pollutants formed in modern diesel engines. In May 2017, Dr. Agrawal conceived and co-organized a national workshop on “Future of Combustion Research to Mitigate Carbon Emissions,” with funding from the National Science Foundation. About 50 key stakeholders in field from academia, industry, and government were invited to participate in this workshop that was held near Washington, DC. The workshop discussions reflected on the contributions of the past research, current status of combustion research, and future opportunities that will influence the future landscape in the field. The workshop created interest from young professionals and offered career guidance to them. Discussions from the workshop have shaped strategic directions at federal agencies and are helping to shape the future combustion research in the US.

GOOGLE SEARCH RESULTS USING KEYWORDS “AJAY AGRAWAL, NOISE SPONGE, AND ALABAMA” (Incomplete list)

Professor Agrawal’s work on thermos-acoustics instability is known throughout the world and has been disseminated extensively by news media and websites. A sampling is news items obtained by Google search using the above listed keywords is provided in this section. Note that the list is not complete and provides only a brief sample.

UA professor develops combustion engine noise-reducing 'sponge ...blog.al.com/tuscaloosa/2012/05/ua_professor_develops_combusti.html

May 1, 2012 - TUSCALOOSA, Alabama -- A University of Alabama professor has a solution for noisyengines. Ajay Agrawal, a mechanical engineering professor at UA, has developed a sponge-like foammaterial designed to reduce noise in the combustion process. The composite material, made of hafnium carbide and ...

UA Engineering Professor Quiets Combustion with Patented 'Noise ...https://www.ua.edu/.../ua-engineering-professor-quiets-combustion-with-patented-noise-...

Apr 30, 2012 - TUSCALOOSA, Ala. — A sponge-like material employed by a University of Alabamaengineering professor can significantly quiet combustion, possibly making work environments safer and extending the life of equipment. Dr. Ajay K. Agrawal, the Robert F. Barfield Endowed Chair and professor of ...

“Noise sponge” cuts jet engine noise at the source of combustionhttps://newatlas.com/noise-sponge/22411/

May 3, 2012 - However, the material employed by University of Alabama engineering professor Dr. AjayK. Agrawal is able to tolerate the conditions of jet engine combustion, making it possible to eliminate the noise at the source. The composite material is a porous inert material made of hafnium carbide and silicon ...

University of Alabama researcher develops a 'sponge' material that ...www.greenaironline.com/news.php?viewStory=1465

So far, noise reduction has been addressed after the fact - suppressing the noise outside the engine after the combustion process takes place. Dr Ajay Agrawal has come up with a sponge-like material that eliminates the noise at source, during the combustion process. The challenge of cutting the sound level during the pro.

- 'Noise sponge' leads to quieter combustionwww.dpaonthenet.net/article/50139/-Noise-sponge--leads-to-quieter-combustion.aspx

So far, noise reduction has been addressed after-the-fact, suppressing the noise outside the engine after the combustion process takes place. University of Alabama professor of mechanical engineering, DrAjay Agrawal's technology eliminates the noise at source - at the heart of the combustion process. The challenge was ...

UA engineer's breakthrough will significantly quiet combustion ...www.tuscaloosanews.com/article/20120501/News/605151934

What makes such a demonstration possible is a breakthrough sponge-like material for which Agrawal, the Robert F. Barfield Endowed Chair and professor of ... TUSCALOOSA | In a giant laboratory in the University of Alabama's Alabama Institute for Manufacturing Excellence building Tuesday, Ajay K.Agrawal's team ...

Ajay Agrawal Named UA's Blackmon-Moody Outstanding Professor ...www.pravasiherald.com/index.php/.../ajay_agrawal_blackmon-moody_professor/

Nov 20, 2013 - In addition, Agrawal developed an innovative fuel injector that drastically reduces harmful emissions and allows for clean combustion of fossil and alternative liquid fuels. Dr. Ajay Agrawal, right, examines the noise reduction device, or noise sponge, in 2012. (Photos courtesy of University ofAlabama).

A Sponge That Soaks Up Jet Engine Noise - Popular Mechanicswww.popularmechanics.com/flight/.../a-sponge-that-soaks-up-jet-engine-noise-88384...

May 14, 2012 - And it's not just ears that are at risk: Intense sound waves from aircraft engines vibrate the plane's hardware, causing wear and, potentially, mechanical failure. "If engine damage occurs, it's very disastrous," says Ajay Agrawal, a mechanical engineer at the University of Alabama. "It doesn't happen often, but ...

Sponge-like material fights jet noise - UPI.comhttps://www.upi.com/Sponge-like-material-fights-jet-noise/67851335920403/

This technology lessens the noise generated by combustion systems such as those in a jet engine at the source by placing a sponge-like material directly in the flame, University of Alabama mechanical engineer Ajay K. Agrawal, who has patented the material, said. The combustion process in jet engines produces a ...

New “Noise Sponge” Foam Dampens Loud Combustion Machinery ...https://techli.com/2012/05/noise-foam-combustion/

1.The foam is placed inside of this flame, effectively dampening the often deafening noise caused by the high pressure and intense temperatures of the combustion process. Dr. Ajay K. Agrawal, professor of mechanical engineering at the University of Alabama, said the difference is “night and day.” “Experimenting with ...

Jet Engine Sponge Makes Airports Less Sensual | Green Prophethttps://www.greenprophet.com/2012/05/jet-enginering-sponge-noise-pollution/

1.May 9, 2012 - “Experimenting with combustion can be quite noisy and unstable, shaking the whole building, but when you put the foam in place, you can talk to the person next to you. It's a night and day difference,” said Dr. Ajay K. Agrawal, professor of engineering at University of Alabama in a statement on the school's ...

"Noise Sponge" for combustion engine | PNW Riders - The Motorcycle ...https://www.pnwriders.com › Forums › Off Topic › Lounge

1.May 7, 2012 - 12 posts - 9 authorsThe Tuscaloosa (AL) News (5/2, Grayson) reports that University of Alabama professor Ajay K. Agrawalhas been awarded a patent for a sponge-like material that can lower the sound coming from a combustion engine. "The sponge is a foam made of hafnium carbide and silicon carbide that literally soaks ...

UA Engineering Professor Quiets Combustion with Patented 'Noise ...https://www.nextbigfuture.com › Uncategorized

1.A sponge-like material employed by a University of Alabama engineering professor can significantly quiet combustion, possibly making work environments safer and extending the life of equipment. Dr.Ajay K. Agrawal, the Robert F. Barfield Endowed Chair and professor of mechanical engineering, was recently granted a ...

"UA Engineer's Breakthrough Will Significantly Quiet Combustion ...www.questia.com › Browse › Newspapers › US Newspapers › The Tuscaloosa NewsTUSCALOOSA | In a giant laboratory in the University of Alabama's Alabama Institute for Manufacturing Excellence building Tuesday, Ajay K. Agrawal's team started up a combustion engine and instructed everyone ... The sponge is a foam made of hafnium carbide and silicon carbide that literally soaks upsound waves.

How to hush an air force jet engine – stick a sponge in it - Airforce ...www.airforce-technology.com/features/featurehush-air-force-jet-engine-sponge-usaf/Aug 27, 2012 - One such method to reduce engine noise that the US Air Force could entertain is a novel 'noise sponge', fitted inside an engine's combustion chamber. Developed by University of Alabama, US, professor Ajay Agrawal, the device follows the thinking that prevention could well be better than cure.

Party-Pooping Scientists Want To Make Air Shows Less Awesome ...https://gizmodo.com/.../party-pooping-scientists-want-to-make-air-shows-less-awesom...

1.May 5, 2012 - Specifically to blame is a mechanical engineering professor at the University of Alabama, Dr. Ajay K. Agrawal, who was recently awarded a patent for a new foam-like material that promises to dramatically reduce the deafening roar of a jet engine. Researchers have known how to quiet an engine for some ...

News | Archives | Thermal-Fluids Centralhttps://www.thermalfluidscentral.com/news/index.php?view=archives&page=50UA professor develops combustion engine noise-reducing 'sponge' (al.com (blog))- May 7, 2012; Ajay Agrawal, a mechanical engineering professor at UA, has developed a sponge-like foam material designed to reduce noise in the combustion process. The composite material, made of hafnium carbide and silicon carbide, ...

New evidence from WHO on health effects of traffic-related noise ...journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1260/0957-4565.43.5.8requirements of new European noise legislation.” Quieter combustion with patented 'noise sponge'. Asponge-like material employed by a. University of Alabama engineering professor can significantly quiet combustion, possibly making work environments safer and extending the life of equipment. Dr. Ajay Agrawal, a ...

Scientists Create Jet Engine-Quieting Sponges | Gizmodo Australiahttps://www.gizmodo.com.au/2012/05/scientists-create-jet-engine-quieting-sponges/May 6, 2012 - Specifically to blame is a mechanical engineering professor at the University of Alabama, Dr Ajay K Agrawal, who was recently awarded a patent for a new ... the porous material is actually placed directly into a jet engine's flame where it "absorbs" and cuts down on the noise without affecting the combustion ...

NewsIndiaTimesepaper.newsindia-times.com/2014_01_10/files/assets/basic-html/page10.htmlProfessor Recognized for Extraordinary Contributions in Reducing Noise Pollution. By a StaffWriter. n Indian-American pro-. fessor at the University of. Alabama was recognized. for his “extraordinary” research. contributions. Ajay K. Agrawal, professor and. Robert F. Barfield ... he invented the “noise sponge”. concept that ...

Sponge Soaks Up Jet Engine Noise ~ auto blog newsautoblogtrend.blogspot.com/2012/05/sponge-soaks-up-jet-engine-noise.html

1.And it’s not just ears that are at risk: Intense sound waves from aircraft engines vibrate the plane’s hardware, causing wear and, potentially, mechanical failure. "If engine damage occurs, it’s very disastrous," says Ajay Agrawal, a mechanical engineer at the University of Alabama. "It doesn’t happen often, but ...

Industry 2.0 May 2012 by bhupinder sharma - issuuhttps://issuu.com/industry2.0/docs/industry2.0-vol-11-issue-09-may-2012.../21

1.Dr Ajay Agrawal, left, with graduate students Justin Williams, right, and Joseph Meadows, centre Picture courtesy: Zach Riggins, University of Alabama). industry 2.0. granted a patent for decreasing the noisegenerated by combustion systems at the source by placing a sponge-like material directly in the flame. The patent is ...

May. 17, 2012 - MultiBriefsmultibriefs.com/briefs/autm/AUTM051712.php

1.May 17, 2012 - A sponge-like material employed by a University of Alabama engineering professor can significantly quiet combustion, possibly making work environments safer and extending the life of equipment. Dr. Ajay K. Agrawal, the Robert F. Barfield Endowed Chair and professor of mechanical engineering, was ...

[PDF]Iran Builds Machine to Help SCI Patients - Iran Dailywww.iran-daily.com/1391/2/23/MainPaper/4230/Page/8/MainPaper_4230_8.pdf

1.Dr. Ajay K. Agrawal, is able to tolerate the conditions of jet engine combustion, mak- ... Noise SpongeCuts. Jet Engine Noise. May 12, 2012. Cavity Filler Fights Decay. Dentists may soon be getting potent new weapons to wage the global fight against cavities. .... al exhibition on medical, dentistry and laboratory equipments ...

02 | May | 2012 | Tau Beta Pi's HQ Bloghttps://taubetapiathq.wordpress.com/2012/05/02/

1.May 2, 2012 - A recent demonstration at the University of Alabama, provided a glimpse of Dr. Ajay K.Agrawal's recent patent related to “a breakthrough sponge-like material” that can be used to reduce thenoise of combustion engines. Dr. Agrawal, (FL B '87) the Robert F. Barfield Endowed Chair and professor of ...

[PDF]Newsletter - ASME Community - The American Society of Mechanical ...https://community.asme.org/central_oklahoma_section/m/.../5710/download.aspx

1.Feb 15, 2014 - ASME Fellow Ajay K. Agrawal, Ph.D., P.E., professor and Robert F. Barfield Endowed Chair in. Mechanical Engineering at the University of ... Dr. Agrawal, whose research expertise include combustion and fluid flow, invented the "noise sponge" concept that uses strong, porous structures to reduce noise ...

Newsmakers - American Society of Mechanical Engineershttps://www.asme.org/about-asme/news/asme-news/newsmakers

ASME Fellow Sarim N. Al-Zubaidy, Ph.D., was recently named the new president of the University of Trinidad and Tobago (UTT). ...... Dr. Agrawal, whose research expertise include combustion and fluid flow, invented the "noise sponge" concept that uses strong, porous structures to reduce noise generated from gas flow in ...

Hot summer forecast formore 8359www.almaghribtoday.net/en/639-more/8359... could make work environments safer and extend the life of equipment, U.S. researchers say. This technology lessens the noise generated by combustion systems such as those in a jet engine at the source by placing a sponge-like material directly in the flame, University of Alabama mechanical engineer Ajay K. Agrawal, ...

IIT Roorkee Alumni Newsletter Vol 4 - Documents - MySlide.ESmyslide.es › DocumentsFeb 21, 2016 - Dr. Agrawal, whose research expertise include combustion and fluid flow, invented the “noise sponge” concept and developed an innovative fuel injector ..... Alumni Newsletter 5 Dr. Ajay K.Agrawal, professor and Robert F. Barfield Endowed Chair in Mechanical Engineering at The University ofAlabama, ...

CITATION DATA AND H-INDEX

Analysis of Prof. Agrawal’s research publications on Google Scholar showed

Total of 2490 citations and 1259 of them in past five years. Overall H-Index of 28 and H-Index of 22 in the past five years. i10-index of 56 and i10 index of 38 in the past five years.

Prof. Agrawal’s H-index places him among the top researchers in scholarly productivity and citation rate. The plot below shows the growth rate of Professor Agrawal’s annual citations. His research work is regularly cited more than 250 times on an annual basis. Citation details obtained from Google Scholar are provided in the following pages.

The H-index of a superiorly active professor in fluid mechanics research area is about 15. The H-index in engineering fields, and particularly in specific subjects such as combustion is much lower than that in physical sciences, biology, and social sciences; note that combustion is a very narrow and specialized field. Data on specific trends about H-index in Professor Agrawal’s field of combustion are not available.

In addition to citation data, Dr. Agrawal has a significantly larger following in the engineering aspects of his field. For example, his invention of “noise-sponge” has reached worldwide audience of several hundred thousand as indicated by a partial list of word google search in the previous section.

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Annual Citations of Dr. Ajay K Agrawal