WORLD WAR II
Causes -World War I
-Versailles Treaty-League of Nations
-Great Depression-Totalitarianism
-dictators in control-Adolf Hitler
-Germany-Nazis-Third Reich
-government-Lebensraum
-living space
-Aryan
-master race
-Gestapo-secret police Jesse Owens
-Jewish persecution
-saved Germany from the Depression (and communists)
-Benito Mussolini
-Italy
-Fascist
-Black Shirts
-Make Italy an empire
-saved Italy from the Depression (and communists)
-Emperor Hirohito
-Japan
-prime minister
-Hideki Tojo
-expansion
-make Japan an empire
-extreme nationalism
- die for your emperor
-taught to school children
-Joseph Stalin
-Russia
- “man of steel”
-COMMUNIST!!!!-police state
-spies
-secret police
-gulag
Aggression Begins
-1931
-Japan invades Manchuria
-resources
-1933
-Hitler named Fuhrer
-massive military buildup
-1935
-Italy invades Ethiopia
-start an empire
-1936
-Japan invades China
-Shanghai
- “Rape of Nanking”
-1938
-Hitler annexes Austria
-by threat
-MUNICH CONFERENCE-Sudetenland given to Hitler
-Hitler promises no more aggression
-APPEASEMENT
-giving in to avoid conflict
- “Peace in Our Time”
-1939
-NON AGGRESSION PACT-Hitler and Stalin
-SEPT 1, 1939
-HITLER INVADES POLAND
-WORLD WAR II BEGINS!!!!!!-1940
-Hitler conquers most of Europe
-France surrenders
-BLITZKRIEG- “lightening war”
-Luftwaffe (air force)
-Panzers (tanks)
-troops
-England is the only country left
-BATTLE OF BRITAIN
-Germany bombs nightly
-RAF
-Royal Air Force
- “Never have so many owed so much to so few”
AMERICA IS NEUTRAL-FDR’s Quarantine Speech
America moves toward war-Cash n’ Carry
-sell weapons to England-Arms for bases
-trade weapons for navy bases-Lend Lease
-lend weapons to England- “Arsenal for Democracy”
-Peacetime Draft-Atlantic Charter
-FDR and Churchill make war plans
-1941
-Two major mistakes
-HITLER INVADES RUSSIA
-JAPANESE ATTACK PEARL HARBOR!!!!!!!
-DECEMBER 7, 1941- “A date which will live in
infamy”
-Pacific fleet crippled
- 2400 dead
-U.S. DECLARES WAR ON JAPAN!!!!! “All we have done is awaken a sleeping giant”
-Admiral Yamamoto
Japanese Navy
Allies: U.S., Great Britain, RussiaAxis: Germany, Italy, Japan
War at home:-Draft-Industry converts to war
- 24/7- “Rosie the Riveter”
-women-Rationing
-gas -meat-tires -shoes-nylon
-Victory Gardens
-Scrap Metal Drives
-Boy Scouts
-War Bonds
-Propaganda
-JAPANESE RELOCATION- Arizona and California
-Nisei
-American born Japanese
-lose everything
-later become spies
1942-1943: BEAT HITLER FIRST
-STALINGRAD
- “scorched earth”
- Germans caught in winter
- Russians push toward Berlin
-TURNING POINT OF THE WAR IN
EUROPE!!!!!!!-OPERATION TORCH
-free Africa
-invade Germany through Italy
-Dwight D. Eisenhower
- El Alamein, Egypt
- “Desert Fox” Rommel defeated
-PATTON ATTACKS ITALY
-Mussolini killed
-Italy surrenders
-D-DAY
-JUNE 6, 1944- “Operation Overlord”
- amphibious invasion
- Normandy Beach, France
-France liberated
-BATTLE OF THE BULGE
- last German offensive
-Ardennes Forest, Belgium
-Allies win
1945
-YALTA CONFERENCE
-FDR, Churchill, Stalin
-Russia take surrender in
the East
-Free elections in Europe
-GERMANY DIVIDED INTO FOUR ZONES
-BERLIN DIVIDED INTO FOUR ZONES
-April 25
-Russia enters Berlin
-April 29
-Hitler marries Eva Braun
-April 30
-Hitler commits suicide
-MAY 8, 1945
-V-E DAY
-Germany surrenders
HOLOCAUST
-massive killing of people
WAR IN THE PACIFIC
-island hopping
-take one island at a time
-Coral Sea
-Japan attacks Australia
-aircraft carriers
-MIDWAY-Japan wants to finish Pearl Harbor
-intercepted plans
-U.S. outnumbered 4 to 1
- “AVENGE PEARL HARBOR”
-TURNING POINT IN THE PACIFIC!!!!!!
-Guadalcanal
-first step toward Tokyo
-first land offensive
- “island of death”
-kamikaze
- “divine wind”
- suicide
-Iwo Jima
- 750 miles from Tokyo
- bases to bomb Japan
-resistance
-caves and tunnels
- Flag raising on Mt. Suribachi
-Okinawa
-Japan’s last offensive
- 1900 kamikaze attacks
- 110,000 Japanese die
-generals commit suicide
-Potsdam Conference
-Atlee (G.B.), Stalin,
Truman (U.S.)
-Stalin promises to
fight Japan
-Truman informed about a superweapon
-Manhattan Project-July 16, 1945
-Los Alamos, NM- first successful test
-Aug 6, 1945-Enola Gay- “little boy”- HIROSHIMA
-Aug 9, 1945- “fat man”-NAGASAKI
Footage
SEPT 2, 1945 V-P DAY
-JAPAN SURRENDERS!!!!!!!
-WORLD WAR II ENDS!!!!!!
-1933
-No government jobs for Jews
-1935
-Nuremburg Laws
-no rights
-Star of David
-any Jew over 6
-1938
-Kristallnacht
- “Night of Broken Glass”
-property and churches destroyed
-Jews blames
-fined 20% of their property
-Jews became refugees
-moved to different countries
- “St. Louis”
-FDR turns away
-Camps
-work camps
- “Final Solution”
-genocide
-Death Camps
- gas
-perfected on mentally ill
-Treblinka, Dachau, Auschwitz
-Joseph Mengele: “Angel of Death”
-1945
- “death marches”
-hide evidence
-camps liberated
-Nuremburg Trials
-crimes against humanity
-punishments
-hanging
-life in prison
Geography of Genocide
http://origin-www.ushmm.org/lcmedia/animatedmap/wlc/flv/hol.mp4
Hear it from those who lived it…
• http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/media_oi.php?ModuleId=10005263&MediaId=1120
• http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/media_oi.php?MediaId=1106
• http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/media_oi.php?MediaId=1080
• http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/media_oi.php?MediaId=1100
• http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/media_oi.php?MediaId=1118
• http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/media_oi.php?MediaId=1076
Holocaust Small Group Project• Break into groups of no more than 3 students.• With your device, go to the following website: http://tinyurl.com/4x7y94z
• Here you will find the names of some of the over 20 million men, women, and children who were victims of the camps.
• As a group, you are to write an obituary for 10 of the victims.
• Please treat this assignment with the maturity and respect it deserves.
Groups (2nd Period) http://tinyurl.com/4x7y94z1. Rudolf Acohen- Adolphe Arnold
2. Emma Arnold – Yitzhak Balsam
3. Golda Bancic – David Bergman
4. Frederic Bernard – Bela Blau
5. Edek Blonder – Sandor Braun
6. Yakob Braun – Erzsebeth Buchsbaum
7. Thomas Buergenthal – Hinda Chilewicz
8. Yosef Coller – Josef Deutsch
9. Kornelia Deutsch – Ernest Domby
10. Leif Donde – Ruth Elias
11. Abraham Ellenbogen – Chinka Felman
Groups (3rd Period) http://tinyurl.com/4x7y94z1. Fischel Felman –Leon Franko
2. Chaim Frenkiel – Benjamin Frydmacher
3. Gyca Frydmacher – Albert Gani
4. Joseph Gani – Herschel Gerszonowicz
5. Jehuda Gerszonowicz – Bertha Gottschalk
6. Eva Gredinger – Otto Karl Gruenbaum
7. Dezider Gruenberger – Chaia Gurvitz
8. Jenine Gutman – Hans Heimann
Post-War Japan
Japan is occupied by the American military.
Part of surrender is to never have a military with an offensive mission.
Creation of the Japanese Self-Defense Forces.
Handed back over in 1952.
A Divided Europe• Soviets and other Allies divide Germany
into 4 occupation zones, each with its own military government.
• Berlin is divided as well.
The Beginning of the Cold War
• Soviets no longer allies after Japan surrenders, no incentive for them to be.
• Two superpowers: United States and Soviet Union– Largest intact economies after WWII– Ideological differences
• Capitalism vs. Marxist-Leninism/Communism
Early Cold War TimelineWith a partner, find out what or who these terms or
people are. Then, create an illustration for each event.
1945: Yalta Conference, Potsdam Conference
1947: Marshall Plan enacted
1948: Berlin Blockade
1949: North Atlantic Treaty Organization created (NATO), Soviets detonate first atomic bomb
1950: Korean War
1953: U.S. overthrows Iranian government, East Germany revolts (16-17 June), Stalin dies
1954: SEATO formed
1955: Warsaw Pact formed, President Eisenhower and Premier Nikita Khrushchev meet
1957: Sputnik launched
1959: Fidel Castro takes Cuba
1960: Four Powers Summit, Francis Gary Powers
1961: Bay of Pigs, Berlin Wall construction begins