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World Geography 7Mrs. Wethington
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Out of Office
Staying Out of Alarm
Tips and Tricks for Taking Notes and
Assessments
Discuss conflicts in Southwest Asia and
the upcoming QUIZ
Study tips
Note taking tricks
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I will be out of the office for ACT
Testing…
• Tuesday, February 25
• Wednesday, February 26
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• Work 5-6 hours a day and log
attendance accordingly.
– You should be working 28 hours a
week Sunday – Saturday.
• Plan ahead for contacts and schedule a
call using YouCanBookMe.
• Send a Webmail or text.
• Help us help you!
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BEFORE COMPLETING YOUR LESSONS…
• Preview the upcoming quiz/test
• Write down the topics of the test questions OR print the assessment out.
• Complete your lessons and take notes on those important topics.
WHILE TAKING YOUR ASSESSMENTS…
• ALL quick checks, quizzes, and tests are OPEN BOOK and OPEN NOTES!
• Don’t know an answer? Look it up!
• Open your textbook in one tab and your assessment in another tab.
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Where Do People Live?
• SW Asia is most densely populated along the coasts
– Higher rainfall permits fertile land for farming
– Ports give access to trade
• North has high population density due to larger and more reliable water supplies
– Turkey and Iran
– River Valleys of Iraq
– Mediterranean coast in Syria, Lebanon, & Israel
• Yemeni Highlands receive rain than deserts to the north & very high birth rates
• Persian Gulf and Arabian Peninsula have many jobs available in the oil industry
• Areas with semi-arid climates have little rainfall and make farming difficult
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Faith
• Cyprus is mainly Christian
• Israel is mainly Jewish
• Most in SW Asia are Muslim– Sunni (follow 5 Pillars of Islam)
• Most tolerant of modern culture
• Wahhabism - branch of fundamentalists who take the Quran literally (word for word); most influential in Saudi Arabia
– Shia (follow 5 Pillars of Islam)• Live mainly in Iran, Iraq, and Lebanon
– Ibadi
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Arabs
• Largest ethnic group in SW Asia
– Majority in every country except Turkey, Iran, Cyprus, and Israel
• Kurds are second largest group in region
• Turks are largest ethnic group in Turkey
• Persians are largest group in Iran
• Jewish Israelis are largest group in Israel
• Oil rich countries have high #s of people from outside the region like Africa
• Qatar and UAE (United Arab Emirates) have majority of foreigners from Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and the Philippines
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People
• Cyprus is mainly Christian
• Israel is mainly Jewish
• Most in SW Asia are Muslim (practice Islam)– Sunni (follow 5 Pillars of Islam)
• Most tolerant of modern culture
• Wahhabism - branch of fundamentalists who take the Quran literally; influential in Saudi Arabia
– Shia (follow 5 Pillars of Islam)• Live mainly in Iran, Iraq, and Lebanon
– Ibadi
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Cultural Diffusion
• Western culture brought modern technologies; TV, computers, etc.
• Christians, Jews, and moderate Muslims embraced modern ideas
• Conservative Muslims see modern practices as a threat to their faith
Income from oil changed society when people met Westerners in the business.
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Status of Women
• Sharia law: Islamic law code with strict laws based on tradition that women must follow
• Traditionally women must obey men
• Saudi Arabia
– Women cannot travel w/out permission of father, husband, etc.
– Expected to cover their hair and sometimes faces
• Wear hijabs or veils
– Unrelated men and women cannot interact
– Cannot ride bicycles or drive cars
– Cannot pursue same careers as men
• Women in Israel enjoy full rights; serve in the military, serve as prime minister, work in executive positions, etc.
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• The Fertile Crescent support most of the population due to farming
• Turkey & northern and western Iran have more people due to moist climates
• Technology has brought irrigation, clean drinking water, and helped with pollution
• SW Asian countries are rich in oil and natural gas esp. around the Persian Gulf
• Saudi Arabia nationalized oil industry in mid-1900s
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• Iran, Saudi Arabia, and other oil-rich states are mixed economies, more to command
• Lebanon, Israel, and others are mixed economies, closer to market
• Some small tribal groups live in remote parts of the region
• Lack of investment in human capital through education is a challenge– Literacy rates are low– Standards of living are low– Israel has HIGH standard of living because
they invest in education
• SW Asian countries specialize and trade in oil, technology, good, etc.
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Saudi Arabia• Mixed economy (more command)• Heavy government control• 20% of world’s oil reserves• Was a poor desert region prior to oil industry• High standard of living
Turkey
• Diverse economy of agriculture (fruits, nuts, vegetables), industry (textiles, steel, shipbuilding, defense), & services
• Market-oriented due to privately owned businesses
• Low literacy rates/incomes due to weak educational system
Israel• Mixed economy (more market)
• Does NOT export oil so relies heavily on trade
• Most employment in service sector, industrial sector, and high-tech business
• High value on education causing highly literate, skilled workers.
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Democracies• Lebanon
– Leaders chosen based on religion not by vote
• Turkey– Flawed democracy (President passed laws limiting freedoms
of the press & civil right; put political opponents in jail)– Cyprus
Monarchies• Absolute: the king has ultimate control
– Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Oman, and UAE
• Constitutional: citizens elect representatives to parliament
– Jordan, Kuwait, and Bahrain
Dictatorships• Iraq
– Saddam Hussein lost power
• Syria
– Bashar al-Assad’s rule challenged by civil war
Theocracies (govt. run by religious power)• Syria, Yemen, and Iran
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Israel, the West Bank, and Gaza• 1967 - Israel takes control of West Bank and Gaza during Arab-Israeli
War– Both Jews and Palestinian Arabs see the region as their homeland & want it back
• 1973 – Egypt and Syria attack Israel on Yom Kippur; Israel wins
• 1980s – the 1st Intifada (attacks by Palestinian Arabs against Israeli citizens)
• 1993 – Israel signs agreements with the PLO (Palestinian Liberation Organization) called the Oslo Accords
– Palestinian National Authority to rule parts of West Bank and Gaza
– PLO recognizes Israel’s right to exist
• 2000 – Oslo Accords fail/Palestinians launch 2nd Intifada
• 2005 – Israel withdraws from Gaza and Hamas (Palestinian group vocal about eliminating State of Israel) takes over parliament
• 2006 – Israel attacks Hezbollah (Lebanese Shia group) for launching rockets into Northern Israel
• 2007 – Hamas shoots rockets into Israel killing Israeli citizens
• 2008/9 – Israel sends troops to kill or capture Hamas fighters
• 2010s – Israel expands settlements on West Bank land; other nations protest
• 2014 – Rockets again fired into Israel from Gaza and Israel sends in troops to eliminate threat
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Syria• 2011 – Syrians demonstrated against authoritarian government in
Arab Spring
• 2012 - Assad govt. uses chemical weapons again civilians with support from Iran and Russia
• 2013 – UN removes Syria’s chemical weapons
• 2014 – ISIS launched attack on both pro-Assad govt. forces and anti-Assad rebels Syria
• 2017 – govt. struck the people again with chemical weapons
Yemen• 1990 – Country unites but two regions still want separation
• 2011 – Arab Spring protestors remove president from office
• 2012 – former VP becomes president and tries to gain unity
• 2014 – Houthis (Iranian backed rebels) take control & install their own govt.
• 2015 – ISIS enters Yemen and take control of parts; Saudi-led forces launch air strikes against rebel territory; Yemen becomes failed state
Iraq• Saddam Hussein removed from power in 2003
• Shia and Sunni fought for control of land near Baghdad
• Arabs fought against Iraqi Kurds in the north
• ISIS arose, took Mosul, & continues to spread terror
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