“WORKING SAFELY GOES AGAINST HUMAN NATURE”
ASSE Professional Development Conference
Session # 754
June 16, 2010
Tom HarveyElisa Kletter
Safety is not
instinctive!
Gain greater understanding of:• decision making• mental states• human nature• personal and group dynamicsWhy people do the things they do
GOALS
WORKING SAFELY GOES AGAINST HUMAN NATURE
Antecedent
Triggers or activates a behavior
Behavior
An observable act
Consequence
Directly follows a behavior
Behaviors & SafetyA B C Analysis
Factors that Affect Decisions to Act
EducationTrainingCommunicationInterpersonal RelationsWorkgroup DynamicsPersonalityAttitudes
Empowerment/AutonomyAuthorityParticipation
Heredity/CultureTask Design LeadershipRisk Perceptions
Conflict ResolutionRisk Taking/AversionPeer PressureOrganizational CultureManagement of ChangeExpectationsHabits
Discourage / Decrease the positive outcomes of unsafe behavior
Discourage / Decrease the negative outcomes of safe behavior
Reinforce / Increase the positive outcomes of safe behavior
Reinforce / Increase the negative outcomes of unsafe behavior.
Influence Behaviors and Actions
Encourage safe behavior
Discourage unsafe behavior
Positive and Negative outcomes
USE
Powerful outcomes
affect repeatabilit
y of behavior
Safe Behaviors
Unsafe Behaviors
Negative outcomes
Positive outcomes
•Fast-easy-less hassle•R+ for good job•Risk taking thrill
Work with human nature, not against it!
WHAT
HOW
HOW HOW
HOW
•Normalized Deviation
Normalized Deviation If you get away with a flawed safety decision one day or repeatedly, far from facing penalty you may actually end up rewarded, perhaps for boosting production. You may come to believe that what was thought to be unsafe is actually safe, based on your experience.
BP Explosion – 2005 – 15 killed; 180 injured
Space Shuttles Challenger and Columbia
Normalized Deviation
ASSIGNMENT: Identify examples of Normalized Deviation.
Where evidence of a problem is minimized, condoned, or ignored and there is a growing tolerance for things that are not quite right!
Safe Behaviors
Unsafe Behaviors
Negative outcomes
Positive outcomes
•Fast-easy-less hassle•R+ for good job•Risk taking thrill
Decrease Increase
IncreaseDecrease
Work with human nature, not against it!
•Longer and harder•Poor procedures •Frustration•Uncomfortable PPE
•No injury•Personal pride•Group value•Strong culture
•Injury potential•Getting caught•Doing wrong is never right!
WHAT
HOW
HOW HOW
HOW
•Normalized Deviation
Discourage / Decrease the positive outcomes of unsafe behavior
Influence Behaviors and Actions
WHAT HOW
Fast-easy-less hassleR+ for good jobRisk taking thrill
Normalized Deviation
Acknowledge difficultiesNever condone
Rigid performance standardsAccountability
Constructive Safety Feedback
Discourage / Decrease the negative outcomes of safe behavior
Influence Behaviors and Actions
WHAT HOW
Reasonable time framesSafe Operating Procedures
Right PPERemove barriers
Longer and harderPoor Procedures
FrustrationUncomfortable PPE
Encourage / Increase the positive outcomes of safe behavior
Influence Behaviors and Actions
WHAT HOW
No injuryPersonal pride Group value
Strong culture
RRRI“Thank You”
Foster habits that create values
Encourage / Increase the negative outcomes of unsafe behavior
Influence Behaviors and Actions
WHAT HOW
Injury potentialGetting caught
Doing wrong is never right!
Examples of injuriesSense of vulnerability –it can happen to you!
“What If?”Punishment
•Examples of injuries•Sense of vulnerability –it can happen to you!•“What If?”•Punishment
Safe Behaviors
Unsafe Behaviors
Negative outcomes
Positive outcomes
•RRRI•“Thank You”•Develop habits thatcreate values
•Reasonable time frames
•Safe Operating Procedures
•Right PPE•Remove barriers
•Fast-easy-less hassle•R+ for good job•Risk taking thrill•Normalized Deviation
Decrease Increase
IncreaseDecrease
Work with human nature, not against it!
•Acknowledge difficulties•Never condone•Rigid performance stds•Accountability•Constructive Feedback
•Longer and harder•Poor procedures •Frustration•Uncomfortable PPE
•No injury•Personal pride•Group value•Strong culture
•Injury potential•Getting caught•Doing wrong is never right!
WHAT
HOW
HOW HOW
HOW
Improvement Strategies
Improvement Strategies
Align with Human Nature
“Do all the good you
can,
In all the ways you
can,
To all the souls you
can,
In every place you
can,
At all the times you
can,
With all the zeal you
can,
As long as ever you
can”
-John Wesley
“WORKING SAFELY GOES AGAINST HUMAN NATURE”
ASSE Safety 2010
Session # 754
June 16, 2010
Tom HarveyElisa Kletter
www.alliedsafety.com