Woodsmith Mine Sneaton
North Yorkshire Phases 2 & 3
Programme of Archaeological Work
for Sirius Minerals PLC
CA Project: 660829 CA Report: 18232
Document Number: 40-COT-WS-8324-EN-PD-00002
June 2018
Woodsmith Mine Sneaton
North Yorkshire Phases 2 & 3
Programme of Archaeological Work
CA Project: 660829 CA Report: 18232
Document Number: 40-COT-WS-8324-EN-PD-00002
This report is confidential to the client. Cotswold Archaeology accepts no responsibility or liability to any third
party to whom this report, or any part of it, is made known. Any such party relies upon this report entirely at their own risk. No part of this report may be reproduced by any means without permission.
© Cotswold Archaeology
Document Control Grid Revision Date Author Checked by Status Reasons for
revision Approved
by A 25/04/2018 RSB SRJ Internal
review Quality Assurance SRJ
B 15/06/2018 RS External Review
Client Review SRJ
C 22/06/2018 RS External Review
Client Review SRJ
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Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton, North Yorkshire: Programme of Archaeological Works
CONTENTS
SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................... 3
1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 4
2. ARCHAEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND ................................................................ 5
3. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES ................................................................................... 7
4. METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................... 8
5. RESULTS (FIGS 2-18) ....................................................................................... 9
8. DISCUSSION ..................................................................................................... 11
9. CA PROJECT TEAM .......................................................................................... 12
10. REFERENCES ................................................................................................... 12
APPENDIX A: CONTEXT DESCRIPTIONS .................................................................... 14
APPENDIX B: OASIS REPORT FORM........................................................................... 18
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Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton, North Yorkshire: Programme of Archaeological Works
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Fig. 1 Site location plan (1:25,000)
Fig. 2 The site, showing location of groundworks and archaeological features (1:3500)
Fig. 3 Construction plan, phases 2 and 3 (1:2000)
Fig. 4 Plan of Trench 13, showing area of observed groundworks and archaeological
features (1:1000)
Fig. 5 Ditch 1302/1304, sections and photographs (1:20)
Fig. 6 Pits 1306 and 1309, sections and photographs (1:20)
Fig. 7 Plan of Trenches 2, 3, 7 and 18, showing area of observed groundworks and
archaeological feature (1:250)
Fig. 8 Ditch 202, section and photograph (1:20)
Fig. 9 Trench 1, looking south (photograph)
Fig. 10 Trench 2, looking south (photograph)
Fig. 11 Trench 3, looking south (photograph)
Fig. 12 Trench 5, looking south (photograph)
Fig. 13 Trench 10, looking west (photograph)
Fig. 14 Trench 12, looking south (photograph)
Fig. 15 Trench 13, looking north-west (photograph)
Fig. 16 Trench 18, looking south-west (photograph)
Fig.17 Trench 21, looking south (photograph)
Fig. 18 Trench 21, looking south-west (photograph)
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Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton, North Yorkshire: Programme of Archaeological Works
SUMMARY
Project Name: Woodsmith Mine
Location: Sneaton, North Yorkshire
NGR: 489446 505168
Type: Programme of Archaeological Works
Date: 7 to 9 September 2015 and 4 April to 22 October 2017
Planning Reference: North York Moors Park Authority Planning Reference:
NYM/2014/0676/MEIA
Location of Archive: To be deposited with Scarborough Museum
Site Code: DNF 17
A Programme of Archaeological Works was undertaken by Cotswold Archaeology between 7
to 9 September 2015 and April and October 2017 at Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton, North
Yorkshire. The fieldwork was undertaken to satisfy the requirements of condition 95 of
planning permission NYM/2014/0676/MEIA.
Archaeological interest in the site is derived from its location within the North York Moors
National Park, which is known to contain extensive examples of Late Neolithic rock art and is
rich in well preserved prehistoric funerary and settlement remains.
The initial works comprised a watching brief during the excavation of test pits, which did not
reveal any archaeological finds, features or deposits. The phase of fieldwork, consisting of a
Strip, map and sample excavation, identified one post-medieval field boundary ditch
depicted on an Ordnance Survey map of 1853 and one undated field boundary ditch, which
likely forms the continuation of a boundary identified on historic and modern Ordnance
Survey mapping.
Two small undated pits were also recorded towards the north-eastern part of the site.
A watching brief was carried out during the demolition of Dove’s Nest Farmhouse. The
observations confirmed the farmhouse was constructed during the modern period, with no
elements pre-dating the modern period observed.
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Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton, North Yorkshire: Programme of Archaeological Works
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 In September 2015 and between April and October 2017, Cotswold Archaeology
(CA) carried out a programme of archaeological works at Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton,
North Yorkshire (centred at NGR: 489446 505168; Fig. 1). The programme of
archaeological works was commissioned by Sirius Minerals PLC.
1.2 The programme of archaeological works was undertaken to fulfil a condition
(Condition 95) attached to a planning consent granted by North York Moors National
Park Authority (NYMNPA; the local planning authority) for the winning and working
of polyhalite by underground methods (Planning reference: NYM/2014/0676/MEIA).
1.3 The scope of the works was defined during discussions between CA and Graham
Lee, Senior Archaeological Conservation Officer, North York Moors National Park
Authority (SACO).
1.4 The programme of archaeological works, comprising a watching brief and strip, map
and sample excavation was carried out in accordance with detailed Written
Schemes of Investigation (WSI) produced by CA (2013, 2016 & 2017) and approved
by the NYMNPA acting on the advice of Graham Lee. The fieldwork also followed
Standard and guidance: Archaeological watching brief (CIfA 2014) and Standard
and Guidance for Archaeological Excavation (CIfA, 2014).
The site 1.5 The consented site is situated approximately 5km to the south of Whitby and 20km
to the north-west of Scarborough. The site encompasses an area of approximately
50ha (Fig. 2); the north-western part of which comprised a series of rectilinear fields,
with an associated farmhouse and ancillary farm buildings. The south-eastern part of
the site is occupied by a combination of Whinny Wood and the Haxby and Belt
Plantations. The site lies at approximately 212m above Ordnance Datum aOD in the
west and south, sloping downwards to approximately 170m aOD in the north-east.
1.6 The underlying bedrock geology of the area is mapped as sandstone and mudstone
of the Moor Grit, Scarborough, Cloughton and Saltwick Formations, formed during
the Jurassic Period. This comprised siltstone and mudstone in the west of the site
and mudstone, sandstone and siltstone in the east of the site (BGS 2018). The
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Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton, North Yorkshire: Programme of Archaeological Works
encountered geological substrate comprising firm mid-yellow orange to mid-blue
grey sandy clay was observed across the site.
2. ARCHAEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND
2.1 The site has been the previous subject of desk-based assessments (CA 2012a,
2012b and 2014a), and an Environmental Statement (Royal HaskoningDHV 2014).
A geophysical survey has also been undertaken (GSB Prospection 2012) as well as
watching briefs (CA 2014b). The following section is summarised from these
sources.
2.2 A small number of non-designated heritage assets have been identified within the
mine head development area.
Prehistoric (pre-43 AD) 2.3 A prehistoric findspot has been recorded beyond the immediate south-western
boundary of the site within the Haxby Plantation. This comprised an unstratified
assemblage of Mesolithic and later material, including Bronze Age arrowheads,
scrapers and knives. Within the wider landscape, Ugglebarnby Moor, located to the
immediate west of the site, contains a dense concentration of recorded prehistoric
sites.
2.4 Moorland within this part of the North York Moors National Park contains extensive
examples of Late Neolithic rock art. Moorland within the Park is also typically rich in
well preserved prehistoric funerary and settlement remains. This includes cairns,
barrows, and numerous other features, particularly of Bronze Age and Iron Age date
(2400 BC to AD 43).
Roman (AD 43) to modern 2.5 There are no recorded heritage assets of Roman or early medieval date within the
site. However, the parish boundary between Sneaton and Eskdaleside-cum-
Ugglebarnby may have its origins in the medieval period. By the middle of the 11th
century the village of Sneaton, in the Hundred (Saxon administrative division) of
Langbaurgh, had a population of 40 villagers, three smallholders and eight freemen
(Domesday Book). It is not known when the area of Dove’s Nest Farm was first
enclosed from the surrounding moorland for cultivation.
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Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton, North Yorkshire: Programme of Archaeological Works
2.6 The site is likely to have continued in agricultural use throughout the medieval
period, with areas of ridge and furrow agriculture and medieval settlements such as
Sneatonthorpe, known locally.
2.7 An embanked boundary survives as an overgrown earthen bank c. 1m in height. It
forms the boundary between Haxby Plantation and the Belt Plantations to the south.
2.8 Ordnance Survey mapping shows little change within the site from the middle of the
19th century to the present day. The road defining the western boundary of the site
was in existence from this time, as was Dove’s Nest Farm, its associated fields and
Haxby Plantation.
Undated 2.9 Several undated features have been identified, including a cluster of five circular
earthworks located within Haxby Plantation, within the south-east of the site. These
earthworks comprise depressions defined by low earthen banks, comparable to
Bronze Age ring cairns observed elsewhere within the National Park. An earthwork
platform was also identified in association with one of these possible ring cairns. A
further earthwork was identified c. 100m to the east of these features. A pond, of
uncertain origin, was identified to the north-east, also within Haxby Plantation.
2.10 A possible low, earthen mound was identified in the north-east of the proposed
development site during Lidar survey (Furgo 2014), and this was confirmed during a
follow-up field survey. The possible mound is oval in plan, and measures c.17m by
c. 15m. Field assessment found it to be no greater than c. 0.3m-0.5m in height.
2.11 An oval-shaped enclosure is located in the north-east of the site. The north/south
oriented enclosure measures c. 30m by c. 20m, and comprises a semi-oval, water-
filled ditch (c. 2m wide), partially enclosing a central island. The ditch is broken to
the north by a causeway, allowing access to the interior. It is uncertain what function
this enclosure serves, though it is associated with a modern drain and probably
relates to water management. A small enclosure has been identified on aerial
photographs, on the northern boundary of the site. A second enclosure has also
been identified on Ugglebarnby Moor, c. 600m west of the site, and a linear feature,
probably a modern service, has been recorded to the north-west of site.
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2.12 Geophysical survey of much of the minehead area has been undertaken (GSB
Prospection 2012); a few anomalies of potential archaeological significance were
identified, which were further investigated during limited trial pitting.
2.13 Archaeological watching briefs were undertaken by CA prior to the construction of
temporary drilling rig platforms at Doves Nest Farm (CA 2013). No significant
archaeological features, finds or deposits were identified during these works. Further
watching briefs were conducted during the excavation of 48 trial pits. These
revealed undated features, comprising three ditches, a probable pit and two
postholes. Two of the ditches are on a similar alignment, and in a similar location, to
an anomaly identified during the geophysical survey. A mound identified from the
Lidar survey was found to be of probable geological origin (CA 2014b).
3. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
3.1 The objectives of the archaeological works, as detailed within the WSI (CA 2013,
2016 and 2017) were to:
• Preserve by record archaeological deposits
• record the nature of the main stratigraphic units encountered;
• assess the overall presence, survival and potential of structural and industrial
remains;
• assess the overall presence, survival, condition, and potential of artefactual
and ecofactual remains.
3.2 The specific aims of the work were to:
• Research the development of prehistoric monument complexes;
• Investigate the development of funerary monuments and changing burial and
memorial practices;
• Prospect for Iron Age settlement in upland areas;
• Study the production, distribution and use of artefacts and support the
dissemination and synthesis of information on Iron Age and Roman finds;
• record any evidence of past settlement or other land use;
• recover artefactual evidence to date any evidence of past settlement that
may be identified;
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Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton, North Yorkshire: Programme of Archaeological Works
• sample and analyse environmental remains to create a better understanding
of past land use and economy.
4. METHODOLOGY
4.1 The fieldwork followed the methodology set out within the WSI (CA 2013, 2016 and
2017). An archaeologist was present during intrusive groundworks comprising the
following elements (Fig. 3):
Phase 2 works
• Construction of an acoustic fence / environmental barrier and installation of
fencing, gates and security;
• General site clearance including tree clearance for the Welfare Road and scrub
clearance;
• Excavation and construction of the two tiered working platform with a western
upper level at around 204m Above Ordnance Datum (AOD) and an eastern lower
level at around 200m AOD;
• Excavation and construction of site roads;
• Construction of temporary and permanent soil mounds including the
environmental screening bund (Bund A) along the western boundary;
• Construction of surface water drainage, a silt removal facility and an attenuation
pond with outfall to an existing drain.
Phase 3 works
• General site clearance including demolition of all farm buildings and sheds, and
localised tree and scrub clearance (Trench 1, 6, 4, 11);
• Excavation and construction of the Platform for the Construction Welfare Facility,
Parking Area and Concrete Batching Plant (Trenches 2, 7 and 20);
• Construction of temporary and permanent soil mounds, including the basal liner for a
future storage facility in the northeast corner of the site for non-hazardous non-inert
spoil and three topsoil, subsoil and inert material storage bunds in the southwestern
area of the site (Trenches 2, 3, 8, 10 and 14);
• Construction of surface water drainage, a temporary surface water attenuation pond
and temporary wetland in the southern area and two permanent attenuation ponds
and two wetland areas in the north eastern area (Trench 2 and 12);
• Installation and commissioning of temporary dewatering ;
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Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton, North Yorkshire: Programme of Archaeological Works
• Erection on site of the Concrete Batching Plant complete with reticulated water
supplies and tanks (Trench 7);
• Construction of the drilling platform (Trench 17);
• Establishment of construction welfare and security facilities - complete with hook-up
of power, communications & water supplies and new waste water collection facilities
(Trench 18).
4.2 Where archaeological deposits were encountered written, graphic and photographic
records were compiled in accordance with CA Technical Manual 1: Fieldwork
Recording Manual.
4.3 The archive from the evaluation is currently held by CA at their offices in Milton
Keynes and following completion of the project will be deposited with Scarborough
Museum. A summary of information from this project, set out within Appendix B, will
be entered onto the OASIS online database of archaeological projects in Britain.
5. RESULTS (FIGS 2-18)
5.1 This section provides an overview of the fieldwork results (Fig. 2). Detailed
summaries of the recorded contexts are to be found in Appendix A. No
archaeological finds, features or deposits were identified within the observed test
pits (Test pits 1-9; Figs 2 and 4).The programme of archaeological work recorded
one post-medieval field boundary ditch depicted on the First Edition Ordnance
Survey Map of 1853 (Figs 4 and 5) and two small undated pits, all located within
Trench 13 (Figs 4 and 6). It also recorded one undated field boundary ditch within
Trenches 2, 3, 7 and 18 (Figs 7 and 8). No archaeological finds, features or deposits
predating the modern period were observed within the remainder of the trenches
(Figs 9 to 16). Archaeological monitoring was not undertaken within Trenches 9 and
11.
5.2 A broadly similar stratigraphic sequence was identified across the area of observed
groundworks. The geological substrate, consisting of mid yellow orange to mid blue
grey sandy clay was revealed at an average depth of 0.32m below present ground
level (bpgl). This was overlain by dark brown grey silty loam ploughsoil averaging
0.36m thick.
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Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton, North Yorkshire: Programme of Archaeological Works
Trenches 2, 3, 7 and 18 5.3 North-east/south-west orientated ditch, 202, 302, 704 and 1802 was exposed for a
length of approximately 60m within Trenches 2, 3, 7 and 18 (Figs 7 and 8; section
EE). It measured approximately 1.25m wide and 0.7m deep, with steep concave
sides with a concave base. Its primary silting fill (203), comprised yellow brown
sandy clay followed by secondary silting, comprising light blue grey sandy silt (204).
This was in turn overlain by mottled yellow and yellow brown sandy clay fill 205,
which appears to have been deliberately backfilled. The ditch was subsequently
recut along its length by north-east/south-west orientated ditch 206, which measured
0.86m wide by 0.37m deep. It had moderately sloping sides, with a symmetrical
profile and a concave base. The initial fill comprised light blue grey sandy silt (207),
laid down by gradual silting under wet conditions. This was overlain by mid-blue grey
sandy silt fill 208, which was similarly laid down under wet conditions, which was
itself sealed by dark brown grey humic sandy silt fill 209. No finds were recovered
from either ditch 202 or ditch 206.
Trench 13 5.4 Located within the western part of trench, broadly north/south orientated ditch
1302/1304 was exposed for a length of 128m (Figs 4 and 5; sections AA and BB). It
measured on average 0.55m wide and 0.14m deep, with moderately sloping sides
and a flat base. No finds were recovered from its single mid brown grey sandy silt fill
(1303/1305), which derived from natural silting processes. Ditch 1302/1304
corresponded with a boundary depicted on the First Edition Ordnance Survey Map
of 1853.
5.5 Located approximately 18m to the east was circular pit 1306 (Figs 4 and 6; section
CC). It measured 1.2m wide and 0.35m deep, with moderately sloping sides and a
flat base. No finds were recovered from either of its fills (1307 and 1308). Fill 1308
comprised deliberately backfilled mid brown grey sandy silt containing numerous
large stones, up to 0.25m in diameter.
5.6 Located approximately 35m from pit 1306 was circular pit 1309 (Figs 4 and 6;
section DD). It measured approximately 0.5m in diameter and 0.16m deep, with
steep, almost vertical, straight sides and a slightly convex base. No finds were
recovered from its single mid grey brown sandy silt fill (1310).
Trench 21
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Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton, North Yorkshire: Programme of Archaeological Works
5.7 A watching brief was maintained during the initial demolition of Dove’s Nest
farmhouse; the farmhouse was confirmed to be of modern date, constructed of sub-
rectangular limestone blocks constructed on breeze block foundations with a poured
concrete floor (Figs 17 and 18).
8. DISCUSSION
8.1 Despite the archaeological potential of the application area (see archaeological
background above) the watching brief identified no archaeological remains within the
observed test pits and no artefacts pre-dating the modern period were recovered.
The programme of archaeological works identified limited archaeological remains
within the area of observed groundworks. The watching brief has demonstrated that
archaeological remains relating to prehistoric funerary and settlement remains were
not present within the site.
8.2 No archaeological remains predating the post medieval/modern periods were found
during the course of this watching brief. The remains of two ditches and two pits
were revealed and a watching brief was maintained during demolition of Dove’s Nest
Farmhouse. The watching brief concluded that the ditches form part of a post-
medieval/modern field system, with the ditches either depicted on historic Ordnance
survey mapping or forming the apparent continuation of depicted boundaries. The
field system ditches comprised ditches 202/302/704/1802 and 1302/1304. Although
no dating evidence was recovered, the cartographic evidence and morphological
characteristics suggests a date within the post-medieval/modern period for the field
system.
8.3 North/south orientated ditch 1302/1304 recorded within Trench 13 corresponds with
a boundary depicted on the First Edition Ordnance Survey Map of 1853 and fits
within the general alignment of the surrounding field systems depicted on historic
and current Ordnance Survey mapping, which predominantly relate to Parliamentary
Enclosures of the post-medieval period.
8.4 A north-east/south-west orientated ditch (202/302/704/1802) recorded in Trenches
2, 3, 7 and 18 probably represents a further element of the surrounding post-
medieval/modern field system. It fits within the established orientation and appears
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Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton, North Yorkshire: Programme of Archaeological Works
to form the continuation of a north-east/south-west orientated boundary depicted on
the First Edition Ordnance Survey Map of 1853.
8.5 The site has undergone little change since the middle of the 19th century until the
present development. A watching brief carried out during the demolition of Dove’s
Nest Farmhouse confirmed it is of modern construction. The First Edition Ordnance
Survey map of 1853 depicts the farmhouse, with an associated access track leading
from a road defining the western boundary of the site. Fields associated with the
farm and Haxby Plantation are also depicted.
8.6 The absence of significant archaeological deposits within the area of observed
groundworks may indicate that any potential remains associated with prehistoric
activity either do not extend as far as the development, were not exposed by the
development, or have been removed by previous activity.
9. CA PROJECT TEAM
Fieldwork was undertaken by Ralph Brown, Martyn Cooper, Callum Ruse and
Simon Sworn. The report was written by Ralph Brown. The illustrations were
prepared by Stuart Joyce. The archive has been compiled by Emily Evans, and
prepared for deposition by Hazel O’Neill. The project was managed for CA by Stuart
Joyce.
10. REFERENCES
BGS (British Geological Survey) 2015 Geology of Britain Viewer
http://mapapps.bgs.ac.uk/geologyofbritain/home.html Accessed 23 January 2018
CA (Cotswold Archaeology) 2012a Doves Nest North, North York Moors: Heritage Desk-
Based Assessment. CA Report No. 12385 CA (Cotswold Archaeology) 2012b Potash Exploration, Dove’s Nest, Sneaton, North York
Moors: Heritage Desk-Based Assessment. CA Report No. 12108
CA (Cotswold Archaeology) 2013 Potash Exploration, North Yorkshire: Programme of
Archaeological Works (Phase 2). CA typescript report 13504
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CA (Cotswold Archaeology) 2014a Minehead at Land at Doves Nest Farm, Sneaton, North
Yorkshire, Archaeological Watching Brief (Phase 4; June to July 2014). CA
typescript report no 14309 CA (Cotswold Archaeology) 2014b Potash Minehead, Doves Nest Farm, North York Moors:
Heritage Desk-Based Assessment. CA Report No. 14146
CA (Cotswold Archaeology) 2016 Minehead at Land at Doves Nest, Sneaton, North
Yorkshire: Written Scheme of Investigation for a Programme of Archaeological
Works. Document number: 660829/D
CA (Cotswold Archaeology) 2017 Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton, North Yorkshire Phase 3:
Written Scheme of Investigation for an Archaeological Watching Brief, Document
number: 40-COT-WS-70-EN-PL-0003
CIfA, 2014 Standard and Guidance for Archaeological Watching Brief. Chartered Institute for
Archaeologists (Reading)
CIfA, 2014 Standard and Guidance for Archaeological Excavation. Chartered Institute for
Archaeologists (Reading)
Furgo 2014 York Potash Pipeline Ariel LiDAR Survey: Survey report
GSB Prospection Ltd 2014 Geophysical Survey at Potash Minehead Site North York Moors:
Geophysical Survey Report 2012/63
RHDHV (Royal HaskoningDHV) 2014 York Potash Project Mine, MTS and MHF
Environmental Statement: Part 2, Chapter 13 Cultural Heritage Ref:
PB1110/303688/Lond
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APPENDIX A: CONTEXT DESCRIPTIONS
Trench No
Context Type Fill of
Context Interpretation
Context Description Length (m)
Width (m)
Thickness (m)
1 100 Layer Topsoil Friable dark brown grey silty loam with 2% sub angular stone inclusions 0.01-0.05m
>98 >19.5 0.3
1 101 Layer Natural Firm mid yellow orange to mid blue grey sandy clay
>98 >19.5
2 200 Layer Topsoil Friable dark brown grey silty loam with 2% sub angular stone inclusions 0.01-0.05m
>360 >26 0.5
2 201 Layer Natural Firm mid yellow orange to mid blue grey sandy clay
>360 >26
2 202 Cut Ditch NE-SW Linear with steep concave sides and a concave base
>7 1.18 0.7
2 203 Fill 202 Primary Fill Firm mottled mid yellow orange and mid orange brown sandy clay
>7 0.86 0.19
2 204 Fill 202 Secondary Silting
Soft light blue grey sandy silt with rare small stone inclusions
>7 1.05 0.12
2 205 Fill 202 Secondary Silting
Soft mid orange yellow and light yellow brown sandy clay with rare small stones
>7 0.85 0.32
2 206 Cut Ditch NE-SW Linear with steep concave sides and a concave base. Recut of 202
>7 0.86 0.37
2 207 Fill 203 Secondary Silting
Soft light blue grey sandy silt with rare small stone inclusions
>7 0.68 0.1
2 208 Fill 203 Secondary Silting
Soft mid blue grey sandy silt with rare small stone inclusions
>7 0.86 0.19
2 209 Fill 203 Tertiary silting Soft dark brown grey humic sandy silt with rare small stone inclusions
>7 0.86 0.11
3 300 Layer Topsoil Friable dark brown grey silty loam with 2% sub angular stone inclusions 0.01-0.05m
>88 >13 0.3
3 301 Layer Natural Firm mid yellow orange to mid blue grey sandy clay
>88 >13
3 302 Cut Ditch NE-SW linear continuation of ditches 202 and 206 in Trench 2
>13 1.2
3 303 Fill 302 Tertiary silting Soft dark brown grey humic sandy silt with rare small stone inclusions
>13 1.2
4 400 Layer Topsoil Friable dark brown grey silty loam with 2% sub angular stone inclusions 0.01-0.05m
>88 >17 0.6
4 401 Layer Natural Firm mid yellow orange to mid blue grey sandy clay
>88 >17
5 500 Layer Topsoil Friable dark brown grey silty loam with 2% sub angular stone inclusions 0.01-0.05m
>99 >60.5 0.3
5 501 Layer Natural Firm mid yellow orange to mid blue grey sandy clay
>99 >60.5
6 600 Layer Topsoil Friable dark brown grey silty loam with 2% sub angular stone inclusions 0.01-0.05m
>105 >16 0.3
6 601 Layer Natural Firm mid yellow orange to mid blue grey sandy clay
>105 >16
7 700 Layer Topsoil Friable dark brown grey silty loam with 2% sub angular stone inclusions 0.01-0.05m
>307 >115 0.3
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7 701 Layer Natural Firm mid yellow orange to mid blue grey sandy clay
>307 >115
7 702 Fill 702 Secondary Silting
Friable mid brown sandy silt with occasional charcoal flecks and burnt stone
1.6 1.45 0.08
7 703 Cut Bioturbation Very irregular sub circular shape with irregular sides and base
1.6 1.45 0.08
7 704 Cut Ditch NE-SW linear continuation of ditches 202 and 206 in Trench 2
>7 1.3
7 705 Fill 704 Tertiary silting Soft dark brown grey humic sandy silt with rare small stone inclusions
>7 1.3
8 800 Layer Topsoil Friable dark brown grey silty loam with 2% sub angular stone inclusions 0.01-0.05m
>164 >35 0.3
8 801 Layer Natural Firm mid yellow orange to mid blue grey sandy clay
>164 >35
10 1000 Layer Topsoil Friable dark brown grey silty loam with 2% sub angular stone inclusions 0.01-0.05m
>139 >61 0.25
10 1001 Layer Natural Firm mid yellow orange to mid blue grey sandy clay
>139 >61
11 1100 Layer Topsoil Friable dark brown grey silty loam with 2% sub angular stone inclusions 0.01-0.05m
>267.5 >19.5 0.25
11 1101 Layer Natural Firm mid yellow orange to mid blue grey sandy clay
>267.5 >19.5
12 1200 Layer Topsoil Friable dark brown grey silty loam with 2% sub angular stone inclusions 0.01-0.05m
>126 >26 0.3
12 1201 Layer Natural Firm mid yellow orange to mid blue grey sandy clay
>126 >26
13 1300 Layer Topsoil Friable dark brown grey silty loam with 2% sub angular stone inclusions 0.01-0.05m
>225 >144 0.3
13 1301 Layer Natural Firm mid yellow orange to mid blue grey sandy clay
>225 >144
13 1302 Cut Ditch N-S linear with straight 45⁰ sides and a flat base
>1 0.57 0.12
13 1303 Fill 1302 Secondary Silting
Soft mid brown grey sandy silt with 5% sub angular stones 0.01-0.06m
>1 0.57 0.12
13 1304 Cut Ditch N-S linear with straight 45⁰ sides and a flat base
>1 0.52 0.15
13 1305 Fill 1304 Secondary Silting
Soft mid brown grey sandy silt with 5% sub angular stones 0.01-0.06m
>1 0.52 0.15
13 1306 Layer Pit Sub circular with straight 45⁰ sides and a flat base
1.2 1.2 0.35
13 1307 Layer 1306 Primary Fill Soft mixed brown grey with mottling of orange and dark brown sandy clay
>0.7 1.2 0.35
13 1308 Layer 1306 Deliberate deposition?
Soft sandy silt mid brown grey with moderate amount of large stones in the base of the deposit 0.08-0.25
>0.7 1.2 0.28
13 1309 Layer Possible pit Circular with vertical to 45⁰ straight sides and an irregular base
0.49 0.5 0.16
13 1310 Layer Secondary Silting
Soft mid brown grey sandy silt with 1% sub angular stones 0.01-0.04m
>0.25 0.5 0.16
14 1400 Layer Topsoil Friable dark brown grey silty loam with 2% sub angular stone inclusions 0.01-0.05m
>293 >135 0.31
© Cotswold Archaeology
16
Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton, North Yorkshire: Programme of Archaeological Works
14 1401 Layer Natural Firm mid yellow orange to mid blue grey sandy clay
>293 >135
15 1500 Layer Topsoil Friable dark brown grey silty loam with 2% sub angular stone inclusions 0.01-0.05m
>98 >10 0.21
15 1501 Layer Natural Firm mid yellow orange to mid blue grey sandy clay
>98 >10
16 1600 Layer Topsoil Friable dark brown grey silty loam with 2% sub angular stone inclusions 0.01-0.05m
>193 >48.5 0.4
16 1601 Layer Natural Firm mid yellow orange to mid blue grey sandy clay
>193 >48.5
17 1700 Layer Topsoil Friable dark brown grey silty loam with 2% sub angular stone inclusions 0.01-0.05m
>72 >65 0.33
17 1701 Layer Natural Firm mid yellow orange to mid blue grey sandy clay
>72 >65
18 1800 Layer Topsoil Friable dark brown grey silty loam with 2% sub angular stone inclusions 0.01-0.05m
>31 >27 0.25
18 1801 Layer Natural Firm mid yellow orange to mid blue grey sandy clay
>31 >27
18 1802 Cut Ditch NE-SW linear continuation of ditches 202 and 206 in Trench 2
>7 1.3
18 1803 Fill 1802 Tertiary silting Soft dark brown grey humic sandy silt with rare small stone inclusions
>7 1.3
19 1900 Layer Topsoil Friable dark brown grey silty loam with 2% sub angular stone inclusions 0.01-0.05m
>63 >16 0.2
19 1901 Layer Natural Firm mid yellow orange to mid blue grey sandy clay
>63 >16
20 2000 Layer Topsoil Friable dark brown grey silty loam with 2% sub angular stone inclusions 0.01-0.05m
>51 >11 0.35
20 2001 Layer Natural Firm mid yellow orange to mid blue grey sandy clay
>51 >11
TINTP1 Test Pit 1
101 Layer Topsoil Dark brown clay silt 4.4 1.1 0.28
TINTP1 Test Pit
102 Layer Natural Drift geology. Orange brown sandy clay with cobbles
4.4 1.1 0.72
TINTP1 Test Pit
103 Deposit Palaeochannel Light grey sandy clay 1.02 2.5 0.22
TINTP1 Test Pit
105 Layer Natural Red brown sandy clay 4.4 1.1 >3.5
TINTP2 Test Pit 2
201 Layer Topsoil Dark brown clay silt 4.5 1.1 0.22
TINTP2 Test Pit 2
202 Layer Natural Drift geology. Orange brown sandy clay with cobbles
4.5 1.1 0.58
TINTP2 Test Pit 2
203 Layer Natural Red brown sandy clay 4.5 1.1 >4.4
TINTP3 Test Pit 3
301 Layer Topsoil Dark brown clay silt 4.3 1.1 0.24
TINTP3 Test Pit 3
302 Layer Natural Drift geology. Orange brown sandy clay with cobbles
4.3 1.1 0.38
TINTP3 Test Pit 3
303 Layer Natural Red brown sandy clay 4.3 1.1 >3.9
TINTP4 Test Pit 4
401 Layer Topsoil Dark brown clay silt 4.2 1.1 0.25
TINTP 4 Test Pit 4
402 Layer Natural Drift geology. Orange brown sandy clay with cobbles
4.2 1.1 0.75
© Cotswold Archaeology
17
Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton, North Yorkshire: Programme of Archaeological Works
TINTP4 Test Pit 4
403 Layer Natural Red brown sandy clay 4.2 1.1 >3.5
TINTP5 Test Pit 5
501 Layer Topsoil Dark brown clay silt 4.9 1.1 0.26
TINTP 5 Test Pit 5
502 Layer Natural Drift geology. Orange brown sandy clay with cobbles
4.9 1.1 0.75
TINTP5 Test Pit 5
503 Layer Natural Red brown sandy clay 4.9 1.1 >3.5
TINTP6 Test Pit 6
601 Layer Topsoil Dark brown clay silt 4.3 1.1 0.26
TINTP 6 Test Pit 6
602 Layer Natural Drift geology. Orange brown sandy clay with cobbles
4.3 1.1 0.74
TINTP6 Test Pit 6
603 Layer Natural Red brown sandy clay 4.3 1.1 >3.5
TINTP7 Test Pit 7
701 Layer Topsoil Dark brown clay silt 4.3 1.1 0.22
TINTP 7 Test Pit 7
702 Layer Natural Drift geology. Orange brown sandy clay with cobbles
4.3 1.1 1.05
TINTP7 Test Pit 7
703 Layer Natural Red brown sandy clay 4.3 1.1 >3.4
TINTP8 Test Pit 8
801 Layer Topsoil Dark brown clay silt 4.7 1.1 0.32
TINTP 8 Test Pit 8
802 Layer Natural Drift geology. Orange brown sandy clay with cobbles
4.7 1.1 0.65
TINTP8 Test Pit 8
803 Layer Natural Red brown sandy clay 4.7 1.1 >3.95
TINTP9 Test Pit 9
901 Layer Topsoil Dark brown clay silt 3.5 1.1 0.22
TINTP 9 Test Pit 9
902 Layer Natural Drift geology. Orange brown sandy clay with cobbles
3.5 1.1 0.62
TINTP9 Test Pit 9
903 Layer Natural Red brown sandy clay 3.5 1.1 >4
© Cotswold Archaeology
18
Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton, North Yorkshire: Programme of Archaeological Works
APPENDIX B: OASIS REPORT FORM
PROJECT DETAILS Project Name Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton, North Yorkshire: Programme of
Archaeological Works Short description
A Programme of Archaeological Works was undertaken by Cotswold Archaeology between 7 to 9 September 2015 and April and October 2017 at Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton, North Yorkshire. The fieldwork was undertaken to satisfy the requirements of condition 95 of planning permission NYM/2014/0676/MEIA. Archaeological interest in the site is derived from its location within the North York Moors National Park, which is known to contain extensive examples of Late Neolithic rock art and is rich in well preserved prehistoric funerary and settlement remains. The initial works comprised a watching brief during the excavation of test pits, which did not reveal any archaeological finds, features or deposits. The phase of fieldwork, consisting of a Strip, map and sample excavation, identified one post-medieval field boundary ditch depicted on an Ordnance Survey map of 1853 and one undated field boundary ditch, which likely forms the continuation of a boundary identified on historic and modern Ordnance Survey mapping. Two small undated pits were also recorded towards the north-eastern part of the site. A watching brief was carried out during the demolition of Dove’s Nest Farmhouse. The observations confirmed the farmhouse was constructed during the modern period, with no elements pre-dating the modern period observed.
Project dates 04/04 2017 to 22/10/17 Project type Watching Brief and SMS Previous work
Watching Brief (CA 2013) Geophysical survey (GSB 2014)
Future work Unknown
PROJECT LOCATION Site Location Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton, North Yorkshire Study area (M2/ha) 50 ha Site co-ordinates 489446 505168 PROJECT CREATORS Name of organisation Cotswold Archaeology Project Brief originator Project Design (WSI) originator
Cotswold Archaeology
Project Manager Stuart Joyce
Project Supervisor Ralph Brown, Martyn Cooper, Callum Ruse and Simon Sworn
MONUMENT TYPE none SIGNIFICANT FINDS none PROJECT ARCHIVES Intended final location of archive Content
Physical none none Paper Scarborough Museum WSI, Pro-forma
recording sheets and registers
Digital Scarborough Museum Digital photographs, digital survey records.
BIBLIOGRAPHY CA (Cotswold Archaeology) 2018 Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton, North Yorkshire: Programme of Archaeological
Work. CA typescript report 18232
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06
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CotswoldArchaeology
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PROJECT TITLE
FIGURE TITLE
FIGURE NO.DATEREVISIONSCALE@A3
PROJECT NO.DRAWN BYAPPROVED BY
m0050
Site location plan
Woodsmith Mine, SneatonNorth Yorkshire
26/04/2018001:12,500
660829SRJ 1
Reproduced from the 2008 Ordnance Survey Explorer map with the permissionof Ordnance Survey on behalf of The Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office Crown copyright Cotswold Archaeology Ltd 100002109 c
Cirencester 01285 771022
Milton Keynes 01908 218320
Andover 01264 347630
w www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uk
site
SRJ
Soff
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ton
Thor
pe B
eck
B 1416
Collects
Pond
Spreads CollectsSpring
Doves' Nest Farm
Spring
Track
206.7m
BS
BS
FBDrain
Collects
Drain
209.1m
208.5m
FarmHoneysuckle
Und
Cattle Grid
207.9m
203.9m
Drain
Drain
Issues
Snea
ton
Thor
pe B
eck
Drain
Haxby Plantation
210.9m
210.3m
LOUSY HILL LANE
205.4m
Drain
Red Gate
210.0m
Und
BS
215.8m
216.7m
Cattle Grid
1.98m FW
BS
BS
Drain
Belt Plantations
211.5m
214.0m
Drai
n
214.6m
Dra
in
Dra
inTR 11
TR 3
TR 11
TR 3
TR 12
TR 17
TR 18
TR 19
TR 9
Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey digital mapping with the permission ofOrdnance Survey on behalf of The Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office© Crown copyright Cotswold Archaeology Ltd 100002109.
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DRAWN BY
CHECKED BY
DATE
SRJ
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22/04/2018
PROJECT NO.
REVISION
SCALE@A3
660829
00
1:3500
PROJECT TITLE
Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton
North Yorkshire
FIGURE TITLE
The site, showing location of
groundworks and archaeological
features
FIGURE NO.
2
SMS area
Stripped during previous work
Stripped, not monitored
archaeological feature
modern
field drain
treethrow
Andover
Cirencester
Exeter
Milton Keynes
we
01264 34763001285 77102201392 82618501908 564660
150m0
Construction planphases 2 and 3
Fig. 3
EP
EPpost
188
FBDrain
Drain
TR 19
Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey digital mapping with the permission ofOrdnance Survey on behalf of The Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office© Crown copyright Cotswold Archaeology Ltd 100002109.
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DRAWN BY
CHECKED BY
DATE
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SRJ
26/04/2018
PROJECT NO.
REVISION
SCALE@A3
660829
00
1:1000
PROJECT TITLE
Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton
North Yorkshire
FIGURE TITLE
Plan of Trench 13, showing area of
observed groundworks and
archaeological features
FIGURE NO.
4
site boundary
SMS area
test pit (TP)
archaeological feature
field drain
palaeochannel
Andover
Cirencester
Exeter
Milton Keynes
we
01264 34763001285 77102201392 82618501908 564660
50m0
1303
ditch 1302
1305
ditch 1304
182m AOD
EW
Section AA
182m AOD
EW
Section BB
1:20 m10 1:20 m10
CotswoldArchaeology
PROJECT TITLE
FIGURE TITLE
FIGURE NO.
5
Ditch 1302/1304, sections and photographs
PROJECT NO.DATESCALE@A3
DRAWN BYCHECKED BYAPPROVED BY
Andover 01264 347630
Cirencester 01285 771022
Exeter 01392 826185
Milton Keynes 01908 564660
w www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uk
Ditch 1302, looking north (1m scale) Ditch 1304, looking north (1m scale)
Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton North Yorkshire
66082926/04/20181:20
SRJSRJSRJ
1308
ditch 1306
1310
pit 1309
181.5m AOD
NESW
Section CC
180m AOD
NESW
Section DD
1:20 m10 1:20 m10
CotswoldArchaeology
PROJECT TITLE
FIGURE TITLE
FIGURE NO.
6
Pits 1306 and 1309, sections and photographs
PROJECT NO.DATESCALE@A3
DRAWN BYCHECKED BYAPPROVED BY
Andover 01264 347630
Cirencester 01285 771022
Exeter 01392 826185
Milton Keynes 01908 564660
w www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uk
Pit 1306, looking north-west (1m scale) Ditch 1304, looking north-west (1m scale)
Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton North Yorkshire
66082926/04/20181:20
SRJSRJSRJ
1307
205 20
320
4
207
TR 3
Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey digital mapping with the permission ofOrdnance Survey on behalf of The Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office© Crown copyright Cotswold Archaeology Ltd 100002109.
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G:\Illustration\Illustration templates\autocad_template\CA_Logo_for_CAD.jpg
DRAWN BY
CHECKED BY
DATE
RJH
SRJ
26/04/2018
PROJECT NO.
REVISION
SCALE@A3
660829
00
1:250
PROJECT TITLE
Woodsmith Mine, Sneaton
North Yorkshire
FIGURE TITLE
Plan of Trenches 2, 3, 7 and 18,
showing area of observed groundworks
and archaeological feature
FIGURE NO.
7
site boundary
SMS area
archaeological feature
field drain
Andover
Cirencester
Exeter
Milton Keynes
we
01264 34763001285 77102201392 82618501908 564660
50m0
209
205
ditch 202
203.8m AOD
WNES
Section EE
1:20 m10
CotswoldArchaeology
PROJECT TITLE
FIGURE TITLE
FIGURE NO.
8
Ditch 202, section and photograph
PROJECT NO.DATESCALE@A4
DRAWN BYCHECKED BYAPPROVED BY
Andover 01264 347630
Cirencester 01285 771022
Exeter 01392 826185
Milton Keynes 01908 564660
w www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uk
Ditches 202 and 206, looking south-west (0.5m scale)
Woodsmith Mine, SneatonNorth Yorkshire
66082926/04/20181:20
SRJSRJSRJ
ditch 206
203
204
207
208
CotswoldArchaeology
PROJECT TITLE
FIGURE TITLE
FIGURE NO.
9 10
11 12
9 - 12
Photographs
PROJECT NO.DATESCALE@A3
DRAWN BYCHECKED BYAPPROVED BY
Andover 01264 347630
Cirencester 01285 771022
Exeter 01392 826185
Milton Keynes 01908 564660
w www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uk
Trench 1, looking south Trench 2, looking south
Trench 3, looking south Trench 5, looking south
Woodsmith Mine, SneatonNorth Yorkshire
66082926/04/2018NA
SRJSRJSRJ
CotswoldArchaeology
PROJECT TITLE
FIGURE TITLE
FIGURE NO.
13 14
15 16
13 - 16
Photographs
PROJECT NO.DATESCALE@A3
DRAWN BYCHECKED BYAPPROVED BY
Andover 01264 347630
Cirencester 01285 771022
Exeter 01392 826185
Milton Keynes 01908 564660
w www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uk
Trench 10, looking west Trench 12, looking south
Trench 13, looking north-west Trench 18, looking south-west
Woodsmith Mine, SneatonNorth Yorkshire
66082926/04/2018NA
SRJSRJSRJ
18
CotswoldArchaeology
PROJECT TITLE
FIGURE TITLE
FIGURE NO.
17 & 18
Photographs
17
PROJECT NO.DATESCALE@A4
DRAWN BYCHECKED BYAPPROVED BY
Andover 01264 347630Cirencester 01285 771022Exeter 01392 826185Milton Keynes 01908 564660w www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uke [email protected]
Woodsmith Mine, SneatonNorth Yorkshire
66082926/04/2018N/A
SRJSRJSRJ
Trench 21, looking south
Trench 21, looking south-west
19