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What’s All the Fuss About Serverless?
May 13th, 2019
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Let’s talk about Serverless Hello!
I’m Taylor Krusen.I work for Dropbox. Twitter: @TaylorKrusen
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Overview
● Serverless as a concept
● Reasons for popularity
● Pragmatic usage
What I’ll cover
Who is this talk for?
Goals
● Curiosity / interest in serverless
● Limited or no exposure to serverless
Developers with…
● Understand serverless and the situations where
it will benefit you
● Look past marketing jargon
● Navigate the ecosystem of tools
● Get excited about serverless
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Tweet to Sheet
Twitter: @TaylorKrusen
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Tweet to Sheet Master Plan
● Tweet @TaylorKrusen and include the hashtag #Jokes
● Your tweet is added to sheet. Review list at end.
Participate?!
● Webhook fires on
account activity
● Code runs on AWS
Lambda
● Specific tweets
written to sheet
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Serverless
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Popularity
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Here is my source code,Run it on the cloud for me,I do not care how
https://twitter.com/onsijoe/status/598235841635360768
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Serverless
??
Only charged for code that runs
Don’t need to own or provision a server.
Managed FaaS in the cloud.
Abstraction
Event-driven
Pay-per-use
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Serverless SpectrumMoreServerless
Less Serverless
- Reliance on BaaS (third-party services)
- Ephemeral computing
- Degree of ‘control’ over server
- Coupling of resources used and resources billed
Degree of serverlessness
‘The Serverless Spectrum’ by Ben Kehoe
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““Abstraction is selective ignorance”- Andrew Koenig
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Alphabet Soup● FaaS = Function as a Service
○ Allows users to develop, run and manage app functionalities without building or
maintaining the related infrastructure.
● BaaS = Backend as a Service○ Middleware that allows developers to connect their app to cloud services.
● PaaS = Platform as a Service○ Similar to FaaS, but different architecture and scaling.
○ Long running application thread.
○ Bill per time running rather than by execution.
● IaaS = Infrastructure as a Service○ Hardware is provided and managed by an external vendor.
● Ephemeral ○ Something short-lived or temporary.
● Server○ A computer device or program that provides
functionality for other programs / devices.
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On-Prem IaaS PaaS Serverless
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Evolution of Cloud Offerings
Applications
Data
Runtime
Middleware
O/S
Virtualization
Servers
Storage
Networking
On Premise
You
Applications
Data
Runtime
Middleware
O/S
Virtualization
Servers
Storage
Networking
IaaS
You
Vendor
Applications
Data
Runtime
Middleware
O/S
Virtualization
Servers
Storage
Networking
PaaS
You
Vendor
BaaSServerless
Sandbox
Everything else
You
Vendor
Buy instead
of Build
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Client FaaS
Authentication
Search
Database
BaaSapps
Backend-as-a-Service
Serverless and the Serviceful paradigm
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Winners
Enterprise Startup and small business
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Why
● Developers can focus on business value
● Auto-scaling web apps and APIs
● Disruptive pricing model
https://www.bbva.com/en/economics-of-serverless/
$$
Usage
EC2
Serverless
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Less control
Speed / Velocity / Agility
● No knobs to tweak
Benefits and Compromises
● Faster time to market● Less to build
Simplicity● Very easy for users of
the FaaSArchitectural complexity
● ‘mini monoliths’● Someone needs to wrap their
head around everything
Stateless
Lack of tooling
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Implementation drawbacksLower operational burden
● Integration testing● Versioning / packaging● May need seperate FaaS for
everything
Benefits and Compromises
● Outsourced infrastructure● Fewer people● ‘Better’ security and reliability
Reliance on 3rd party tools● Effectiveness● Reliability● Vendor lock-in● Risk
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Serverless is a way to focus on business value.
Benefits and Compromises
~ Ben Kehoe -- Serverless is a State of Mind“
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Shifting Paradigms
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Serverless Architecture
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’Serverless Microservice Patterns for AWS’ by Jeremy Daly
https://www.jeremydaly.com/serverless-microservice-patterns-for-aws/
Building Differently
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Use Cases
Scripts triggered by events• Your custom code reacts to ‘events’.
• Cron job: trigger functions on a schedule.
Web applications
• UI driven application calling HTTP
endpoints that trigger your code
• External: web hook
• Internal: closed ecosystem like Lambda and an s3
event
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Schneider Electric
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Serverless Economy
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A web app is more than FaaS…
Typically consists of:
- Lambda
- API Gateway (HTTP endpoints)
- S3 to serve static content
- DynamoDB
- Many others…
Serverless Web Apps
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TimerCheck.io- Over 2m requests
- 300k+ seconds of compute
Hidden Costs
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Major Players
• Serverless offering: Azure Functions
• Launched in March, 2016
• Serverless offering: Cloud Functions
• Launched in March, 2017
• General Availability on July 24, 2018
• Serverless offering: Cloud Functions
• Launched in Dec, 2017
• Available as ‘OpenWhisk’ in Dec, 2016
• Serverless offering: Lambda
• Launched in Nov, 2014
• Most mature ecosystem
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Cloud Fight
• Runs on Windows environment
• Multiple functions grouped
together as an application
• Provisions memory per
application
• Platform is very user friendly
• Robust developer resources
• Runs on Linux environment
• Functions built as standalone
elements
• Provisions memory per
function
• Better scaling for HTTP
endpoints
Lambda Azure Functions
The Future?
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IBM ($)
Serverless Providers
Microsoft ($)AWS ($) Google ($)
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0018.55 4.40 9.76 3.83
799.76 603.40 709.95 630.7022,667.13 20,093.40 23,321.20 21,243.20
LMH!!
L =1,000ms & 128mb &
1m exececutions
M =1,000ms & 128mb &
5m exececutions
H =3,000ms & 256mb &
50m exececutions
!! =5,000ms & 512mb &
500m exececutions
Estimates via serverlesscalc.com from @acloudguru
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IBM
Supported Languages
MicrosoftAmazon Google
Node.js Y Y Y YPython Y Partial Partial YJava Y N N YC# Y Y N YGo Y N N YF# N Y N Y
Swift N N N YPHP N Partial N Y
Language
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Serverless ProvidersOther points of consideration?
● Your specific needs● Ecosystem ● Community
Auth0’s Webtask
Oracle’s Fn Project
Apache’s OpenWhisk
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- Open source serverless platform
- Can run locally out of a container
- Choose your cloud (or host it yourself)
- Reusable and extensible
- Good introduction to distributed systems
- Any language!!
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Deploy your serverless code to:● AWS Lambda● Azure Functions● Google Cloud Functions● IBM Cloud Functions● Others…
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State of Serverless
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Steadily Moving Forward
• Lambda Runtime API
• Lambda Layers
• Websocket support in API Gateway & Lambda
• AWS IDE integration
• AWS Firecracker goes open-source
• Aurora
• DynamoDB on demand
• Timestream timeseries database
Lambda
(Can we please stop talking about AWS now?)
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Cold Starts
https://mikhail.io/2018/08/serverless-cold-start-war/
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• Task: calculate all prime numbers less than
1,000,000.
https://www.slideshare.net/ChrisMunns/aws-startup-day-boston-2018-the-best-practices-and-hard-lessons-learned-of-serverless-applications
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• Open specification about event metadata
• Interoperable cloud architectures
• Distributed data across vendors and clouds
What
• Support from IBM, Google, Red Hat, many more
• First class support from Microsoft Azure
Who
Why
The Serverless and Event-Driven Futurehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TZPPjAv12KU
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Questions?Twitter: @TaylorKrusen
… and #Jokes Review!