Download - Water - sustainable development
Access to fresh water. Water is essential for every living creature on the
planet.
The access to water is related with the food supply.
1,2 billion people lack freshwater.
Distribution
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
The percentage of the population in some countries that lack fresh
water.
What creates an increased waterconsumption? Population growth.
Economic growth based on agriculture and industry.
Increased standard of living.
Four threats against the watercycle.
1. Deforestationand overgrazing.
2. Contaminationof waterresources.
3. Overuse ofgroundwater.
4. Global warming.
• Virtual water (alsoknown as hiddenwater and embedded water) is the amount ofwater that is used in the production of a good or service.
• For exampel: toproduce one kilo ofmeat you needapproximately 16 000 liters of water.
• This means: peopleand countries thathave plenty of watercan make a difference on a global scale.
How to improve the situation and create a sustainable development. Rainwater harvesting in arid climates (for agriculture).
Wastewater treatment for reuse, particulary in agriculture.
Improve methods for watering.
Processing and venture in drought tolerance crops.
More efficient water use in the industry.
Improve the legal protection of water resources.
Water conflict Our most important recourse
Self explanatory that the lack of water leads to conflict
The Jordan river Its springs are located in Lebanon
The countries along the river directed the flow so thatthey could have the water for them self.
Six-Day War
The Nile Egypt controls most of the water coming from the river
A partnership was entered between the countries along the river
This was made as an effort to avoid conflicts
In 2010 Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda and Tanzania singed an agreement to start use more of the Nile’s water
This has created discord among the other nations along the river Nile
Israel och Palestina Israel controls the water in the area
To avoid any bigger conflicts than the one already in existence Palestinian and Israel entered an agreement over the water resources
Showing the importance of water
What Israel on the other hand do is that they cut of the flow of water when there is a drought
Avoid conflicts Countries need to learn to cooperate and think ahead
Sources: Swedish National Encyklopedia, www.Ne.se ”Vatten, mat och hunger, om vattnets betydelse för att utrota hungern, 2009”- Swedish
Chruch UNESCO - ”Water Footprint Network” -
http://www.waterfootprint.org/?page=files/home UN -”Human development report”, 2005 and ”World Water Development Report 2” 2006
UN -”Water and Urbanisation” -http://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/swm_cities_zaragoza_2010/pdf/03_water_and_urbanisation.pdf
“How Close Do We Live to Water? A Global Analysis of Population Distance to Freshwater Bodies” -http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0020578
USGS -“U.S Geological Survey” http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/earthwherewater.html Pacific Institute -”The world’s water” -http://www.worldwater.org/conflict.html