© ICLEI 2013, Holger Robrecht www.iclei-europe.org
Valuation of Biodiversity & Ecosystem services
Examples from urban areas.
Holger Robrecht,
Deputy Regional Director
ICLEI European Secretariat
Leopoldring 3
79098 Freiburg
6th Sino-German Workshop on Biodiversity Conservation, 15-18 July, Bonn
© ICLEI 2013, Holger Robrecht www.iclei-europe.org
www.iclei.org
www.iclei-europe.org
� Gobal network of local
governments and regional
authorities dedicated to the
concept of sustainable
development
� Working with a
regional/continental approach –
European Secretariat, Freiburg
Germany
© ICLEI 2013, Holger Robrecht www.iclei-europe.org
Urban Biodiversity
Urban biodiversity is the variety and richness of living organisms
(including genetic variation) and habitat diversity found in and on
the edge of human settlements. This biodiversity ranges from the
rural fringe to the urban core. At the landscape and habitat level it
includes:
� Remnants of natural landscapes (e.g. leftovers of primeval forests).
� Traditional agricultural landscapes (e.g. meadows, areas of arable land).
� Urban–industrial landscapes (e.g. city centers, residential areas, industrial parks,
railway areas, formal parks and gardens, brownfields). (CBO, 2012)
© ICLEI 2013, Holger Robrecht www.iclei-europe.org
Ecosystem Services
Ecosystem services
Benefits that humans obtain from ecosystem functions or as direct
and indirect contributions from ecosystems to human well-being.
� such as clean air, food, water filtration, flood prevention, noise reduction,
recreation, climate regulation, and nature education (used by URBES project)
© ICLEI 2013, Holger Robrecht www.iclei-europe.org
●© Russell Galt●PROVISIONING ●CULTURAL ●SUPPORTING●REGULATING
The TEEB-take on Ecosystem Services
© ICLEI 2013, Holger Robrecht www.iclei-europe.org
Values of Ecosystem Services
Economic values: Direct or indirect monetary alues provided by ecosystems
Ecological values: Environmental outputs, which have value for humans
Socio-cultural values: Moral, spiritual, ethic, and values associated to urban biodiversity and ecosystem services
Health values: Health benefits obtained from urban green spaces
Insurance values: Contribution of green infrastructure and ecosystem services to increased resilience and
reduced vulnerability to shocks
© ICLEI 2013, Holger Robrecht www.iclei -europe.org
Multiple Benefits: Enhancing Citizens’ quality of life
Estimating the value of the Greenbelt for the City
of Toronto:
The greenbelt around Toronto offers $ 2.7 billion
worth of non-market ecological services with an
average value of $ 3, 571 / ha.
Toronto, Greenbelt
Ecosystem Valuation
Benefits
Annual Value
(2005, CDN $)
Carbon Values 366 million
Air Protection Values 69 million
Watershed Values 409 million
Pollination Values 360 million
Biodiversity Value 98 million
Recreation Value 95 million
Agricultural Land
Value
329 million
© ICLEI 2013, Holger Robrecht www.iclei-europe.org
� Local Authority planted 400 000 trees to
generate a wealth of benefits:
� regulate the climate
� reduce air pollution
� reduce energy costs
� sequester carbon
� slow runoff / reduce flooding
● Value assessments can:
� inform planning and budgeting
� Contribute to the provision of
healthy urban environment
� Identify savings for the city
● 2008-2012 value of ecosystem service:
● US$ 20-67m
Canberra, Australia
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� Local NGO used economic argument to
persuade policy makers to establish
“Hoge Kempen National Park”
� 400 jobs created
� Private investment stimulated
Value assessments can:
� Foster political support for protected
areas
� Demonstrate how natural assets create
jobs
� Make the case for sustainable
development strategies
Limburg, Belgium
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Beijing, China
� Miyun Reservoir main source for drinking water of
Beijing (ca. 80 %)
� Payments for Ecosystem Services – Environmental
Forest Compensation Fund
� Manage forest resources and
prevent the siltation and pollution of the reservoir
� Every year 120,000 $ from the city of Beijing and
48,000 $ form the city of Tianjin and fee for water
consumption
© ICLEI 2013, Holger Robrecht www.iclei-europe.org
The ICLEI political Agendas
© ICLEI 2009 www.iclei.org/
•
ICLEI 2011
BIO
DIV
ER
CIT
IES
T
EC
HN
ICA
L
RE
FE
RE
NC
E G
RO
UP
AdvocacySERVICES
ENTRY POINTS FOR
CITIESBiodiverCities
BiodiverCities Advisory Committee: High-level coordination group
On invitation: outstanding cities and selected organisations.
GLO
BA
L P
AR
TN
ER
SH
IP
A unique platform linking science and practitioners
Technical
Support
Policy
Consultation
Cities in Biodiversity
HotspotsURBIS
&
more
to
come
Profiling
Tools & Resources
LAB
Guidebook
TEEB Report &
Manual
Guidelines &
Case Studies
LBSAPs
Durban
Commitment
and more...www.iclei.org/biodiversity
LAB Pioneer
Biodiversity & Climate
Change
LAB Pioneer
Biodiversity & CEPA
LAB
Pioneer
The goal of the BiodiverCities Programme is to guide, support, capacitate and
motivate local governments and their partners to integrate biodiversity and
ecosystem-based planning into all aspects of policy, decision making and
implementation activities to result in enhanced biodiversity conservation and
more sustainable local economic development. Acknowledgement of accountability and responsibility for the health and well-being of
communities and recognition of biodiversity and essential ecosystem services as the foundation
of our existence are core components of the goal.
BiodiverCities Programme
© ICLEI 2013, Holger Robrecht www.iclei -europe.org
URBES
URBIS
iclei.urbis.org
Local Action for Biodiversity(LAB)
an ICLEI / IUCN Partnership Initiative
© ICLEI 2013, Holger Robrecht www.iclei -europe.org
●1 ●Local Biodiversity Assessment: Biodiversity Report
●Political Commitment: Durban Commitment
●Planning: Local Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (LBSAP)
●Council Commitment
●Local Action: implementation of 3 projects
●2
●3
●4
●5
LABs Approach
© ICLEI 2013, Holger Robrecht www.iclei -europe.org
●© Russell Galt
Section 1:
An introduction to ecosystem
services and cities
Section 2:
How to include ecosystem
services in decision making
and policy – The TEEB
stepwise approach
Section 3:
Applying the TEEB stepwise
approach within city
management
TEEB Manual for Cities
© ICLEI 2013, Holger Robrecht www.iclei-europe.org
TEEB Manual for Cities
●© Russell Galt
© ICLEI 2013, Holger Robrecht www.iclei-europe.org
●© Russell Galt
TEEB Manual for Cities:The “TEEB Stepwise Approach”
1. Specify and agree on the problem or policy issue with stakeholders
2. Identify which ecosystem services are most relevant
3. Determine what information is needed and select assessment methods
4. Assess (future changes in) ecosystem services
5. Identify and assess management/policy options
6. Assess the impact of the policy options on the rang e of stakeholders
© ICLEI 2013, Holger Robrecht www.iclei -europe.org
URBES
URBIS
Certified URBES Training Session
12-14 November 2013, Barcelona
www.urbesproject.org
© ICLEI 2013, Holger Robrecht www.iclei-europe.org
Thank you for your attention!
[email protected] Regional Director
European Secretariat
Leopoldring 3
79098 Freiburg
www.iclei-europe.org