Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary
Michael Rundell
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Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
… and what is it for?
What’s a dictionary?
Definition of “dictionary”
From the paper edition of Macmillan
Dictionary (2007)
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Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
… and what is it for?
What’s a dictionary?
Definition of “dictionary”
From the paper edition of Macmillan
Dictionary (2007)
•It’s a book
•It explains what words mean
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Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
… and what is it for?
What’s a dictionary?
Features
•It’s a book
•It explains what words mean
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Functions
•Receptive
• you’ve seen or heard a word
• you’re not sure what it means
Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
… and what is it for?
What’s a dictionary?
Definition of “dictionary”
The latest one: from the online edition of
Macmillan Dictionary
macmillandictionary.com
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Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
… and what is it for?
What’s a dictionary?
Definition of “dictionary”
from macmillandictionary.com
• It can be a book OR a digital
resource
• It explains what words mean
• It also explains how words are
used (“uses”)
• And how you say them
(“pronunciations”)
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Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
… and what is it for?
What’s a dictionary?
Features
• Explains what words mean
• Explains how they are used
• Provides pronunciations
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Functions
•Receptive uses
•Productive uses
•You want to use the word
yourself, so you need to know:
•how does it combine with other
words?
•how do you say it?
Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
1. Grammar/syntax
Helping with productive tasks
recall
• easy to understand…but how do
I use it?
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Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
1. Grammar/syntax
Helping with productive tasks
recall
• how do I use it?
• with a that-clause:
• I seem to recall that you…
• with a wh- clause:
• …trying to recall what had
happened…
• with a gerund:
• I don’t recall seeing the…
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Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
2. Pronunciation
Helping with productive tasks
I’ve seen these words
written down,
I understand what they
mean,
- but how do you say them?
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colonel
anemone
choir
affidavit
heir
Worcester sauce
…..
Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
2. Pronunciation
Helping with productive tasks
I’ve seen these words,
- but how do you say them?
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Two ways of finding out
•IPA symbols
•audio: listen to someone
saying it
Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
Accuracy and fluency
Helping with productive tasks
In productive mode, we have
two goals:
Accuracy
avoiding mistakes that could make
your meaning less clear
Fluency
producing language which sounds
natural, idiomatic, appropriate to the
situation ….
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Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
Accuracy: how the dictionary helps
Helping with productive tasks
1. Most of the information
helps with accuracy
• say it right
• spell it right
• get the grammar right
• ….
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Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
Accuracy: getting it right
Helping with productive tasks
1. Most of the information helps with
accuracy
• spell it right
• say it right
• get the grammar right
2. Special feature: Get it Right boxes
• over 100 boxes
• based on evidence of common
problems experienced by learners
• avoid: often (wrongly) used with an
infinitive, corrected version shown
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Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
Fluency: natural-sounding language
Helping with productive tasks
What are the keys to
fluency?
1. phraseology
• lots of words occur
very frequently in
fixed phrases
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Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
Fluency: natural-sounding language
Helping with productive tasks
What are the keys to fluency?
• phraseology
•common fixed expressions are
shown in bold type, and
followed by an example
sentence
• for the simple reason that…
• there is every reason to expect…
• we have no reason to think that…
• did she give a reason…?
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Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
Fluency: natural-sounding language
Helping with productive tasks
What are the keys to
fluency?
1. phraseology
2. collocation
•a combination of two
words that often go
together (and may
not be predictable)
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Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
Fluency: natural-sounding language
Helping with productive tasks
What are the keys to fluency?
• phraseology
• collocation
•1000 collocation boxes show
the most typical, most
natural combinations
• box at reason shows
•adjectives that often
modify reason
•verbs often used when
reason is the object
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Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
Fluency: natural-sounding language
Helping with productive tasks
What are the keys to fluency?
1. phraseology
2. collocation
3. register
•the context or situation
in which you’re using a
word
• is it formal, informal,
literary…?
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Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
Fluency: natural-sounding language
Helping with productive tasks
What are the keys to fluency?
• phraseology
• collocation
• register
•“labels” indicate the level of
formality, the kinds of text a word
is normally used in, etc
• ameliorate is like improve - but
the label says “very formal”
• knackered is like tired or
exhausted - but it’s very informal
(and British, too)
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Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
… and what is it for?
What’s a dictionary?
Definition of “dictionary”
from macmillandictionary.com
• It explains what words mean
• It also explains how words are
used (“uses”)
• And how you say them
(“pronunciations”)
• But there’s more…
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This chart shows the preferred position fro images on a page
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Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
… and what is it for?
What’s a dictionary?
Features
• Explains what words mean
• Explains how they’re used, and
gives pronunciations
• Thesaurus: provides synonyms and
word-sets
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This chart shows the preferred position fro images on a page
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Functions
•Receptive uses
•what does it mean?
•Productive uses
•how does it combine, how do
you say it, is it the right
register…?
• Vocabulary building
Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
Helping you choose the “right” word
Vocabulary building
Thesaurus
• every word, every meaning, every
phrase links to a thesaurus
•lists close synonyms, showing
subtle differences
•OR lists all the members of a set
(e.g. trees, parts of a car, types of
furniture…)
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Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
Words similar to “intelligent”
Using the thesaurus
• Thesaurus lists 10 alternatives, for
every word or phrase
• You can access them from any of
these words
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Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
Helping you choose the right word
Vocabulary building
Frequency
•Macmillan’s unique “Red Words” feature
•Most frequent words shown in red: the “core”
vocabulary of English
•7500 Red Words divided into three bands
• one-star, two-star, three-star words
•three-star words = 2500 most frequent
• Less frequent words shown in black
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This chart shows the preferred position fro images on a page
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Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
Helping you choose the right word
Vocabulary building
IMAGE CHART
This chart shows the preferred position fro images on a page
A small library of approved imagery is available from the Brand Hub on the Macmillan Education space in Campus digital
Frequency
•Macmillan’s unique “Red Words” feature
•Most frequent words shown in red: the “core”
vocabulary of English
•7500 Red Words divided into three bands
• one-star, two-star, three-star words
•three-star words = 2500 most frequent
• Less frequent words shown in black
Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
Helping you choose the right word
Vocabulary building
IMAGE CHART
This chart shows the preferred position fro images on a page
A small library of approved imagery is available from the Brand Hub on the Macmillan Education space in Campus digital
Frequency
•Macmillan’s unique “Red Words” feature
•Most frequent words shown in red: the “core”
vocabulary of English
•7500 Red Words divided into three bands
• one-star, two-star, three-star words
•three-star words = 2500 most frequent
• Less frequent words shown in black
Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
Taking advantage of the medium
What’s a dictionary?
Features
• Explains what words mean
• Explains how they’re used, and gives
pronunciations
• Thesaurus: synonyms and word-sets
• Frequency information
• Extra features on website:
• games, videos, infographics
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This chart shows the preferred position fro images on a page
A small library of approved imagery is available from the Brand Hub on the Macmillan Education space in Campus digital
Functions
• Receptive: meaning
• Productive: use, pronunciation
• Vocabulary building
• Language Awareness
Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
Numerous resources…
Language Awareness
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“Resources” menu
shows range
Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
Games
Language Awareness
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Language games
• frequency game: test your knowledge
• irregular verb wheel: practise
• phrasal verbs: how they work
• More to come
• Warning: can be addictive
Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
Infographics
Language Awareness
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Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
Videos
Language Awareness
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Videos on YouTube channel, including
• Real Grammar series
• 10 videos on questions of grammar - plus a
quiz
• NEW SERIES: Real Vocabulary, with Scott
Thornbury
• 10 videos, and a quiz, on questions of
vocabulary
Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
Teaching and learning materials
What’s a dictionary?
Features
• Explains what words mean
• Explains how they’re used, and gives
pronunciations
• Thesaurus and frequency information
• Extra features
• games, videos, infographics
• blog, BuzzWords, worksheets
and lesson plans
IMAGE CHART
This chart shows the preferred position fro images on a page
A small library of approved imagery is available from the Brand Hub on the Macmillan Education space in Campus digital
Functions
• Receptive: meaning
• Productive: use, pronunciation
• Vocabulary building
• Language Awareness
• Teaching and learning materials
Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
Teaching and learning ideas
What’s a dictionary?
Blog
• huge, searchable archive
• posts written by experts
• wide range of topics
• language change
• linguistics
• word formation
• grammar
• common errors
• pragmatics …
• good resource for 10-minute fillers
• read, react, discuss
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This chart shows the preferred position fro images on a page
A small library of approved imagery is available from the Brand Hub on the Macmillan Education space in Campus digital
Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
Teaching and learning ideas
What’s a dictionary?
Worksheets and lesson plans
• downloadable teaching materials
• worksheets for videos, BuzzWords
etc
• e-lesson plans
IMAGE CHART
This chart shows the preferred position fro images on a page
A small library of approved imagery is available from the Brand Hub on the Macmillan Education space in Campus digital
Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
Teaching and learning ideas
What’s a dictionary?
Worksheets and lesson plans
• downloadable teaching materials
• worksheets for videos, BuzzWords
etc
• e-lesson plans
• lesson plans on Pragmatics
• e.g. ways of apologising,
advising, suggesting, agreeing…
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Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
All the features, and what they do
What’s a dictionary?
Features
• Explains what words mean
• Explains how they’re used, and gives
pronunciations
• Thesaurus and frequency
information
• Extra features
• games, videos, infographics
• blog, BuzzWords, worksheets
and lesson plans
IMAGE CHART
This chart shows the preferred position fro images on a page
A small library of approved imagery is available from the Brand Hub on the Macmillan Education space in Campus digital
Functions
• Receptive: meaning
• Productive: use, pronunciation
• Vocabulary building
• Language Awareness
• Teaching and learning materials
Using the Macmillan Dictionary to build vocabulary | Michael Rundell | 3rd November 2015
A one-stop teaching and learning resource
Macmillan Dictionary
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www.macmillandictionary.com