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NIOSH Mining Program
Emily J. Haas, PhD
Behavioral Research Scientist
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Lung Cancer and Prevention in Mining Symposium: Control Measures in Mining
Sudbury, Ontario
July 11, 2017
Using Assessment Technology to Direct Worksite Interventions: Practical Solutions to Dust Control
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Agenda
• Worker perspective on health, decision making
• Integrating technology into H&S interventions
• Quick fixes identified for dust control
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Workers’ perceived knowledge and barriers about respirable dust exposure and prevention
• Silica exposure primary health risk – but under control.
• “It’s risky but not risky for me because…”
• Seeing dust increases awareness.
• “It’s easy to change, but then you get comfortable, fall back into old habits…”
• Dust you can’t see is more harmful.
• “I don’t feel unsafe while I’m doing…….but there’s not much I can do.”
Research shows that using
technology within H&S
interventions can increase
autonomy and job control.
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Video exposure monitoring (Helmet-CAM) technology for dust control
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EVADE 2.0 Software(Enhanced Video Analysis of Dust Exposure)
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Pre and post surveys, interviews, & dust assessments to identify dust sources, develop control measures
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
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Identified exposure sources, behavioral practices, and organizational/engineering modifications(n = 48, 5 mine sites)
Risk Identification
Risk Assessment
Risk Mitigation
Risk Response & Controls
Risk Monitoring
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Changes made by individual workers
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Effects of Contaminated Work ClothingWorking inside LEV system changing bags
Over a 12-minute time segment, worker 1 respirable dust exposure was 3 times
higher than his co-worker.
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Dusty clothes, dirty hands, and dust-laden cloth seats in operating equipment, light fleet vehicles, and office chairs
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Folding bulk or mini bag loading collars toward the worker resulted in brief, elevated exposures
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Fugitive dust while maneuvering dust-laden objects cause short exposure spikes
Worker Fixes
• Housekeeping in dust-laden areas such as beltlines.
• cleaning and maintaining the belt better than previous visits resulted in lower exposures.
• Water areas more frequently.
• Storage for screens and other objects (i.e. bags) to help prevent accumulation and liberations.
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Example – Spraying down mill areas /housekeeping tasks
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Example – Experimenting with nozzles to reduce fugitive dust when spraying
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4.29
5.32
4.88 4.82 4.85 4.8
4.38
5.415.24 5.21 5.26
5.1
Go out of my way
to address
potential hazards
Voluntarily carry
out tasks to
improve H&S
Make suggestions
to improve how
H&S handled
Try new things to
improve H&S
Try to solve
problems to
reduce H&S risks
Total Proactivty
Time 1 Time 2
There was a statistically significant increase in workers’ proactive behaviors
from Time 1 (M = 4.84) to Time 2 (M = 5.10), t (33) = -2.545, p <.016 (two
tailed).
The mean increase in proactivity scores was .268.
The eta squared statistic (.16) indicates a large effect size.
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Changes made by the organization
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Inaccurate perceptions of protection in enclosed rooms
Exposures in
some enclosed
rooms showed
exposures up to
400 mg/m3
Improved filtration
and pressurization
systems for dry
labs.
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Elevated exposures in dry labs/splitter rooms (without fan)
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Using splitter shack (with fan)Increased awareness of proper ventilation
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Old haul trucks with little filtration/pressurization in cabs
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Performance Metrics & Impact: From the first visit to follow-up visit, facility changed their haul trucks