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Land Tenure & Resource Management
USAID EXPERIENCE SECURING LAND AND RESOURCE RIGHTS
FOR FOREST LANDSCAPES6 DECEMBER 2015
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WHY DOES TENURE SECURITY ENTER THE REDD+ DISCUSSION?
“Current land use and customary and legal property
rights including community property … identifying ongoing
or unresolved conflicts…disputes over land tenure that were resolved during the last
ten years.”-CCB
Land tenure and resource rights… identify rights-
holders, guide the design of the ER Program, benefit
sharing plans, and demonstrate ability to transfer Title to ERs.
- CF Method Framework.
A description of legal title to the land, rights
of access to the sequestered carbon, current land tenure
and land use. - CDM
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WHERE DOES TENURE SECURITY ENTER THE REDD+ DISCUSSION?
• Contextual Basis for Program Design (Enabling Environment)
• Strengthened Land and Resource Rights as a Program Activity (Intervention)
• Strengthened Land and Resource Rights as an Outcome (Benefit)
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Too
Expensive
Too Political
Too Complicated
Too Much
Time
Too Many Stakeholders
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PROGRAM DESIGN• What are the current tenure systems, stakeholders and incentives governing forest?
• Are there legitimate stakeholders who are missing out?
• Procedural Rights: • Consultation, Consent, Active Decisions, Benefit
• USAID-supported Resource Rights Assessments in Nepal, Guatemala, Panama, Honduras
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“In two years, companies have used a legal loophole to parcel logging contracts covering a quarter of the country’s land”
TENURE AS A POLICY INTERVENTIONRecognizing customary rights at same level as statutory rights
(USAID Liberia LRCFP and PROSPER)
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TENURE AS A POLICY INTERVENTIONTree tenure reform: devolving tree rights with land rights
Regreening of the Sahel(USAID West Africa)
Photo: Darren Jacobson, 2005 from Stickler, M 2012
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TENURE AS AN POLICY INTERVENTIONSupporting development of integrated land policy
Coastal forest policy(USAID Forest and Deltas Project, Vietnam)
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TENURE AS AN INTERVENTIONClear tenure rights unlocked the ability to engage on
management & enforcement responsibilities
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TENURE AS AN INTERVENTION Piloting land and resource rights documentation to inform
legislation(USAID Zambia – Tenure and Global Climate Change)
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TENURE AS AN INTERVENTIONPiloting policy through registration of land and resource
rights(USAID Indonesia – IFACS and LESTARI)
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USAID ANALYTICAL AND IMPLEMENTATION TOOLS
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POLICY INTERVENTIONS• Recognize customary rights at the same level at statutory rights
• Devolve rights to trees to flow with land rights• Develop integrated/holistic land policy (not sector driven policy)
FIELD INTERVENTIONS• Focus on management and enforcement once legal rights clarified
• Document household and community resource rights to:
• Inform policy development; and • Demonstrate progressive policy.