![Page 1: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
US Imperialism
1853-1904
![Page 2: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The Pressure to Expand
![Page 3: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Imperialism occurs when strong nations create empires by dominating weak nations
economically, politically, or militarily.
![Page 4: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Why do nations embrace imperialism?
1. Economics ($$$) - Sell what you don’t consume and make money.
2. Nationalism - promoting your nation, competition with others.
3. Militarism - for national defense, refueling and supply bases.
4. Humanitarianism - Helping poorer people, missionary efforts.
![Page 5: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
How could we justify expansion?
1. Missionary efforts.
2. Social Darwinism. (strong societies take over weak ones)
3. Profit.
4. Taking civilization to the uneducated “backward” peoples
![Page 6: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Improved communication and transportation helped them extend
their territories to far lands
Europe Leads the Way
British Empire
![Page 7: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
In 1853, Commodore
Matthew Perry sailed an
American fleet into Tokyo Bay to forcibly open
Japanese markets.
![Page 8: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
In 1866, the French put a king on the
“throne” of Mexico. We sent an army to
Mexico to help them realize the error of
their ways. Maximillian I was
gone within months. Maximillian I
![Page 9: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
America purchased Alaska from Russia in 1867, increasing the size of the US considerably.
I live in Alaska,
too!
![Page 10: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Now that we were trying to increase our influence
and land, we needed refueling and
repair stations for ships.
![Page 11: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
In 1867, we annexed the uninhabited Midway Island in the
Pacific Ocean to help ships get across the ocean.
![Page 12: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
European countries had
already carved up Africa by 1898 and the
USA was feeling left out.
![Page 13: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
US businesses dominated the economies of Guatemala, Costa Rico, and Honduras. Most of their exports made money for American owners. These were called Banana Republics.
![Page 15: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
When America was producing goods in other countries and selling goods, Alfred
Thayer Mahan’s idea of building a
new modern navy to protect trade
seemed reasonable.
![Page 16: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
This Navy was used to get us out of trouble and let us get our way. This is called Gunboat Diplomacy.
![Page 17: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
By 1900, the US had one of the most powerful navies in the world, with new battleships,
torpedo boats, cruisers, and gunboats .
![Page 18: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Why did we consider the Pacific Islands, Caribbean Islands, and
South America “ours”?
1. Monroe Doctrine.
2. Profit.
3. They have Africa.
4. Our Navy rocks!
![Page 19: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Teaching the lesson...
![Page 20: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
US wanted to join in gaining new territories, but denied the desire to annex (join a new territory to an existing country) foreign lands
![Page 21: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Economic Growth
• many Americans felt expansion was necessary to support the economy
• we needed markets for our products
• some businesses invested in foreign economies
![Page 22: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Banana Republics
Central American nations dominated
by American business companies, such as the United
Fruit Company
![Page 23: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Naval Growth
The US needed a powerful Navy in order to protect markets from foreign rivals
![Page 24: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Congress authorized the building of cruisers, battleships, gunboats, torpedo
boats, including the USS Maine.
![Page 25: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
By 1900, the US had one of the most powerful navies in the world
![Page 26: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Social Darwinism
• pushed for territorial expansion of the US.
• believed that Anglo-Saxon and Teutonic peoples were superior to the societies they conquered
![Page 27: US Imperialism 1853-1904. The Pressure to Expand](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032707/56649e305503460f94b20a76/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
• Most Americans decided they wanted new markets abroad and favorable trade relations with foreign countries
• They were unaware of the political and military implications of such a desire