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Urogenital triangle in female + Perineal pouches
Dr Rania Gabr
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OBJECTIVES 1. Describe the boundaries &
contents of urogenital triangle in female.
2. Recite the parts of the female external genital organs.
3. Identify its parts and openings present in it.
4. Discuss the features of each part 5. Discuss the contents of the
perineal pouches in female and male. 6. Enumerate the structures piercing
the perineal membrane.
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Urogenital Triangle in femaleBOUNDARIES :• Anteriorly : Symphysis
pubis• Posteriorly : Transverse
line passing through the 2 ischial tuberosities.
• Laterally : Ischiopubic rami & ischial tuberosities.
CONTENTS : • Lower part of
urethra & vagina.• External genitalia
(vulva).
Ure
thra
Vagi
na
Vulva
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Female External Genitalia (Vulva)
Mons pubis : a collection of fat overlying the pubis.
Labia majora.: Two folds of skin containing fatty tissue and covered with hair
Located on either side of the vaginal opening, extending from the mons pubis to the perineum
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Labia minora.:› Two thin folds of tissue located within
the folds of the labia majora Extends from the clitoris downward toward the perineum
Clitoris.:› Short, elongated organ composed of
erectile tissue› Located just behind the upper
junction of the labia minora› Homologous to the penis
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Vestibule of vagina: The interval between the two labia minora.
Vagina & urethra open into it through urethral orifice anteriorly and vaginal orifice (Also known as the vaginal introitus), posteriorly.
Bartholin’s glands› Located on either side of the vaginal
orifice Secrete a mucous substance that lubricates the vagina
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Indifferent Male Female
Gonad Testis Ovary
Paramesonephric duct(Mullerian duct)
Appendix testis Fallopian tubes
Paramesonephric duct Prostatic utricle Uterus, upper vagina
Mesonephric tubules Efferent ducts, Paradidymis
Epoophoron, Paroöphoron
Mesonephric duct(Wolffian duct) Rete testis Rete ovarii
Mesonephric duct Epididymis Gartner's duct
Mesonephric duct Vas deferens
Mesonephric duct Seminal vesicle
Urogenital sinus Prostate Skene's glands
Urogenital sinus Bladder, urethra Bladder, urethra, lower vagina
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Urogenital sinus Cowper's or Bulbourethral gland Bartholin's gland
Labioscrotal folds Scrotum Labia majora
Urogenital folds Spongy urethra Labia minora
Genital tubercle Penis Clitoris
Genital tubercle Bulb of penis Vestibular bulbs
Genital tubercle Glans penis Clitoral glans
Genital tubercle Crus of penis Clitoral crura
Prepuce Foreskin Clitoral hood
Peritoneum Processus vaginalis Canal of Nuck
Gubernaculum Gubernaculum testis
Round ligament of uterus
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It is the space between the deep membranous layer of superficial fascia and the perineal membrane.
BOUNDARIES: Inferiorly: membranous
layer of superficial fascia (Colle`s fascia).
Superiorly: perineal membrane.
Laterally: ischiopubic rami
Superficial Perineal Pouch
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Contents of Superficial Perineal Pouch in the female• 1- Bulbs of
vestibule: on each side of vaginal orifice.
• 2- Crura of clitoris. • 3- Superficial
perineal muscles: • A-
Bulbospongiosus muscle, surrounds orifice of vagina and covers vestibular bulb.
• B- Ischiocavernosus muscle, covers crus of clitoris on each side.
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• C- Superficial transverse perineal muscles.
• 4- Greater vestibular glands: on each side of vaginal orifice.
• 5- Perineal body• 6- Perineal branch of pudendal
nerve suppling muscles & skin.
BulbospongiosusIschiocavernosus
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Contents of Superficial Perineal Pouch in the male
1- Root (bulb and crura) of the penis and associated muscles (ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus).
2- Proximal (bulbous) part of the spongy urethra.
3- Superficial transverse perineal muscles.
4- Deep perineal branches of the internal pudendal vessels and pudendal nerves.
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Bulbospongiosus Ischiocavernosus
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Deep Perineal Pouch It is a completely
closed space deep to the perineal membrane.
BOUNDARIES: Inferiorly: Inferior
fascia of the urogenital diaphragm (Perineal membrane)
Superiorly: Superior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm
Laterally: Inferior portion of obturator internus fascia
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• 1- Part of urethra .
• 2- Part of vagina.
• 3- Sphincter urethrae muscle, which is pierced by urethra & vagina.
• 4- Deep transverse perineal muscles
• 5- Internal pudendal vessels.
• 6- Dosal nerve of clitoris.
Contents of Deep Perineal Pouch in female
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Contents of Deep Perineal Pouch in male
1- membranous part of the urethra,
2- the sphincter urethrae,
3- the bulbourethral glands,
4- the deep transverse perineal muscles, the internal pudendal vessels and their branches, and
5- the dorsal nerves of the penis.
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Structures piercing the perineal membrane:
1- In the centre: a- Membranous urethra in male b- urethra and vagina in female
2- On both sides of the urethra: a- ducts of bulbourethral glands of male b- artery to bulb
3- Anteriorly a-Deep and dorsal arteries of penis or clitoris b- Dorsal nerve of penis or clitoris 4- Posteriorly:Scrotal or labial vessels and nerves
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Anal TriangleBOUNDARIES:• Anteriorly:
Transverse line passing through the 2 ischial tuberosities.
• Posteriorly : coccyx.
• Laterally : ischial tuberosity & sacrotuberous lig. overlapped by gluteus maximus.
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CONTENTS:
• Lower part of Anal canal (upper part lies in pelvis).
• Ano-coccygeal body (or raphe) : a fibrofatty mass that extends from anus to tip of coccyx.
• Ischiorectal fossa on each side.
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Ischiorectal Fossa • A fascial lined
wedge-shaped space on each side of the anal canal.
Boundaries:
• Base: Skin of the perineum.
• Medial wall: Levator ani & anal canal.
• Lateral wall: Obturator internus, covered with pelvic fascia.
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• Contents: • Dense fat. • Pudendal nerve & internal pudendal
vessels within the pudendal canal• Inferior rectal nerve & vessels
crossing the fossa to reach anal canal.
• Pudendal Canal:• A fascial canal formed by obturator
fascia, located on the lateral wall of the ischiorectal fossa,
• on the medial side of the ischial tuberosity.
• Contains pudendal nerve and internal pudendal vessels
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The anococcygeal body is a complex musculotendinous structure situated between the anterior aspect of the coccyx and the posterior wall of the anorectal canal
Receives insertion of fibers of levator ani muscle
Anococcygeal Body
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Thank You &Good Luck