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URBAN PLANNING IMPERATIVES FOR AFFORDABLE HOUSING
BY Prof A.K.Maitra
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The future of human settlements lie in
ENVIRONMENTALLY SATISFACTORY
AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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DEFINITION OF SUSTAINABILITY
“Sustainability” in ‘Brundtland Report’ has been defined as
“to provide for the needs of the present generation without compromising the abilities of future generations to meet their needs”
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BRUNDTLAND’S DEFINITION OF DEVELOPMENT
“environment is where we all live and development is what we do to improve our
living within it”
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Urban planning paradigms environmental satisfaction
and sustainable development
would become key paradigms for
future of urban settlements
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How would the profession be able to respond to this rise in phenomenal demand for ordered Sustainable urban development?
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Thus, we have three major areas of concern –Development v/s Sustainability,Equity in opportunities and
development, andAffordability of the settlement
on the basis of equity
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URBAN REALITIES
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URBAN REALITIES
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URBAN REALITIES
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PLANNING PARADIGMS
The key-word is sustainable development. Development can only be sustained when it
keeps pace with the rising expectations of the population.
While ordering the pattern of human settlements one should bear in mind that compatibility between ecological balance and the technological options is ensured
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ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
It is possible to identify few major areas of environmental concern, whose input in the process of Development Plan ls crucial:
(1) Shelter with particular reference to urban poor;
(2) Environmental infrastructure with emphasis on affordability by the poor;
(3) Factors of climate, land erosion and landscaping on living environment;
(4) Interface between man made and natural environment;
(5) Vehicular traffic as a source of environmental hazard and acoustical considerations;
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ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
(6) Energy as a tool of development control and provision of access to alternate appropriate technologies;
(7) Industrial location on the basis of typology and environmental hazard;
(8) Environmental legislation, monitoring, evaluation and management;
(9) Impact assessment of development.
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URBAN PLANNING
URBAN PLANNING DEALS WITH DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF LAND
LAND IS A RENEWABLE RESOURCE IF PUT TO ECOLOGICALLY SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
URBAN DEVELOPMENT IS A PERMANENT COSUMER OF LAND
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ROLE OF PLANNERS
ANTICIPATE THE IMPACT OF DEVELOPMENT ON ENVIRONMNET
ASSESS THE IMPACT LEVEL EVOLVE MITIGATION MEASURES ADOPT MEASURES TO REDUCE
CONSUMPTION RECYCLE RESOURCES RENEW THE RESOURCES.
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ADOPT ECOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES IN PLANNING
ASSESSMENT OF CARRYING CAPACITY
ROLE OF PLANNERS Cont’d
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SHELTER CONCERNS
Technical Group : Min of H@UPA ESTIMATES Urban Housing shortage :24.71m by the end of
11th Plan (2007-12) To provide sustainable and affordable housing it is
necessary to make available: Developed land Finance Infrastructure Building labour and professionals Building materials
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MISSION FOCUSFocus of Sustainable Habitat Mission Energy Efficiency in Buildings Urban Transport Waste Management
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Building blocks of Urban system for climate concerns
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SUSTAINABLE HABITAT PARADIGMS
Habitat policy to be meaningful should promote development efforts that
Improve people’s livelihood, working environment
Improve the environment of living Improve health and welfare Stop wasteful emissions Ensure equitable opportunities
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Availability of Land Acquisition of land for development is
getting increasingly difficult Cost of land for development is
disproportionately high compared to total development cost
Cost of Development of land includes cost of infrastructure.
Economy in cost of Infrastructure is possible through appropriate planning
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Planning options
Release of under developed urban land Reevaluation of existing developed area effective incentives can release development
potential Improvement of infrastructure and affordable
housing may bring poor closer to the work centres.
Redevelopment of existing areas can make cities more livable
This calls for change and paradigm shift in urban planning process.
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Role of building materials
Building Materials contribute 30-40% to the cost of the building
Economy in the use of building materials can have impact on cost
Information system on building materials and quality control can result in informrd choice
Assessment of energy cost of building materials can contribute to reduction in cost both embodied and recurring.
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Labour
Building labour force are untrained and belong to informal workforce.
Productivity is poor Lack of training and certification of
standard contributes to poor workmanship and high maintenance cost
Time overrun on construction adds to the cost
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Conclusion
Providing sustainable housing to all sections of the population should be the goal of development
The three broad parameters on sustainable habitat should be the cornerstone of both planning and housing policies
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THANK YOU