UNWBW1 – Business Information Warehouse
NetWeaver Support Consultant Training
BW and BW Reporting Introduduction
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 2
Content
Introduction
Reporting
Business content
Data loading
InfoCube Design
Aggregates
BW-BPS Business Planning & Simulation
Monitoring & Technical Risks
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 3
DB and OS Abstraction
People Integration
Com
posi
te A
pplic
ati
on F
ram
ew
ork
Process IntegrationIntegration
BrokerBusiness Process
Management
Information IntegrationBusiness
IntelligenceKnowledge
Management
Life C
ycle
Manag
em
en
t
Portal Collaboration
J2EE ABAP
Application Platform
Multi-Channel Access
SAP NetWeaver™SAP NetWeaver™
DB and OS Abstraction
Master Data Management
SAP Mobile Infrastructure Tight coupling and alignment
with SAP business solutions
SAP Enterprise Portal Business packages Collaboration
SAP Business Information Warehouse Business content Open architecture (Crystal, Ascential)
Master Data Management
SAP Exchange Infrastructure Cross-component business processes Shared integration knowledge
SAP Web Application Server Proven, scalable, comprehensive toolsets Leverage existing infrastructure/skillsets
SAP NetWeaver in Detail
Integration Broker
Business ProcessManagement
BusinessIntelligence
KnowledgeManagement
Portal Collaboration
J2EE ABAP
Multi-Channel Access
DB and OS Abstraction
Master Data Management
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 4
Information-Based Management
How do we getfrom here . . . to here?
DataData
Realizing business value from transaction data
ResultsResultsKnowledgeKnowledgeInformationInformation
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 5
Data Warehouse Definitions
A collection of integrated, subject-oriented databases designed to support the DSS (Decision Support System) function, where each unit of data is relevant to some moment in time.W. H. Inmon, “Building the Data Warehouse,” 1996, page 371
A copy of transaction data specifically structured for query and analysis.R. Kimball, “The Data Warehouse Toolkit,” 1996, page 310
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 6
Data Warehouse Objectives
Standardized structures and representation for all enterprise information
Easy-to-use access, single-point of access to all enterprise information
Self-service, high quality business reporting and analysis on all levels
Fast and cost-effective to deploy
High performance environment fed from heterogeneous sources
Freed-up systems and IT resources in OLTP environment
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 7
SAP Business Information Warehouse
Data Warehouse system with optimized structures for reporting and analysis
OLAP engine and tools
Integrated meta data repository
Data extraction and data staging
Preconfigured support for data sources from R/3 Systems
BAPIs for data sources from non-SAP systems
Automated Data Warehouse management
Administrator Workbench for controlling and managing content
Only one productive client
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 8
BusinessInformationWarehouseServer
Administrator Workbench
BAPIBAPI
OLAP processorOLAP processor
Staging EngineStaging Engine
InfoCubesInfoCubes
Meta DataRepositoryMeta DataRepository ODSODS
Business Explorer
BAPIBAPI
client
Business Information Warehouse: Architecture
Web Reporting 3rd Party Tools
DataSources
InfoObjectInfoObject
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 9
OLTP versus OLAP
Characteristics
Primary Operation
Level of Analysis
Amount of data per transaction
Type of data
Timeliness of data
Updates to data
Number of transactions/users
Response time
Database data
Type of processing
OLTP
Update
Low
Very small
Detailed
Must be current
Frequently
Many (100s to 1000s)
Quick
Normalized
Well defined
OLAP
Analyze
High
Very large
Summary
Current and historical
Less frequent, new data only
Few
Reasonable
Denormalized
Ad hoc
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 10
Administrator Workbench (RSA1)
PurposeThe Administrator Workbench is the tool for controlling, monitoring, and maintaining all of the processes connected with data staging and processing in the Business Information Warehouse.
IntegrationThe data for the SAP Business Information Warehouse that has been staged with the help of the Administrator Workbench can be evaluated and presented with the Business Explorer reporting tool.
FunctionsThe Administrator Workbench encompasses the following functional areas: Metadata Repository Installing Business Content Modeling Administration Reporting Agent Documents Translating Texts for BW Objects
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 11
What is an InfoObject ?
InfoObject “0COSTCENTER”
InfoObjects are unique across application components !
R/3 OLTP
COCOControllingControlling
HRHRHuman Human
ResourcesResources
KOSTL ...
Table of cost centers
Table of employees
EMPLO COST_CENTER ...
The various OLTP data models are unified for BWBusiness objects / table fields become InfoObjects
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 12
Types of InfoObjects
Characteristics: evaluation groups like “Cost Center”, “Product group”, “Material”
Have discrete values stored in their master data tables(e.g. the characteristic “Region” has the values “North”, “South”, ... )
Special types of characteristics:
Time characteristics like “Fiscal period”, “Calendar year”
Unit characteristics which comprise currencies and units of measure like “Local currency”
Key figures: continuously valued numerical fields like amounts and quantities (e.g.: “Revenue” and “Sales quantity”)
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 13
Master Data tables for Characteristics
Information about characteristics is stored in
Master Data Tables: Attribute Tables
Dependent attributes of a characteristic can be stored in an Attribute Table for the characteristic.
Text Tables Textual descriptions of a characteristic are stored in
a separate text table.
External Hierarchy Tables Hierarchies of characteristics or attributes may be
stored in separate hierarchy tables.
MATERIAL_ID
Material GroupMaterial Type
Material Attribute Table
MATERIAL_ID
Material Name
Material Text Table
Material Hierarchy
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 14
Central data store for reports and evaluations
Contains two types of data
Key figures
Characteristics
2 fact tables and 16 dimension tables
3 Dimensions are predefined by SAP
Time
Unit
Packet
InfoCube
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 15
Customer group
Division
Reg
ion
Dept. Stores
Wholesale
Retail
Glass- Ceramics Plastics Pottery Copper Pewter ware
No
rth
So
uth
Eas
t
InfoCube: Example
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 16
Reg
ion
Nor
thS
outh
Eas
t
Glass-ware
Ceramics
Customer group
Division
RetailWholesale
DeptStores
Analysisof Ceramicsdivision
Analysisof Plasticsdivision
Analysis of Plastics divisionand Southern region
Reg
ion
Nor
thS
outh
Eas
t
Glass-ware
CeramicsPlastics
Customer group
Division
RetailWholesale
DeptStores
11
Reg
ion
Nor
thS
outh
Eas
t
Glass-ware
Ceramics Plastics
Customer group
Division
RetailWholesale
DeptStores
22
Reg
ion
Nor
thS
outh
Eas
t
Glass-ware
Ceramics Plastics
Customer group
Division
RetailWholesale
DeptStores
33
Product groupCustomer groupDivisionAreaCompany codeRegionPeriodProfit CenterBus. Area
Plastics
Characteristics: InfoCube
InfoCube: Multi-dimensional analysis
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 17
Operational Data Store
The BW ODS-Object:
Stores transaction data
Is a denormalized data structure Transparent table Not a star schema
Can hold data that is available for reporting Not optimized for query
performance
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 18
InfoProvider
InfoProviders are the objects or views relevant to reporting. All BW objects for which queries in SAP BW can be created or executed are InfoProviders.
Examples for InfoProviders are:
InfoCubes
ODS Objects
MultiProviders
InfoObjects
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 19
MultiProvider
MultiProvider = Union of InfoProviders
homogeneous MultiProvider same Characteristics and Key Figures in all participating
InfoProviders ("partprov") example: MultiProvider with identical InfoCubes
InfoCube 1: data for EUROPE InfoCube 2: data for ASIA InfoCube 3: data for AMERICAS
purpose: partitioning on InfoProvider level
heterogeneous MultiProvider only a subset of common Characteristics purposes:
integrating scenarios that share some semantics combine differing aggregation levels (e.g. plan – actual scenarios) tackle sparse tables
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 20
MultiProvider Example
Basic CubeBasic Cube Basic CubeBasic Cube
MultiProviderMultiProvider
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 21
Queries
A query is a collection of characteristics and key figures (InfoObjects) for the analysis of the data of an InfoProvider.
A query always refers exactly to one InfoProvider, whereas you can define as many queries as you like for each InfoProvider.
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 22
Content
Introduction
Reporting
Business content
Data loading
InfoCube Design
Aggregates
BW-BPS Business Planning & Simulation
Monitoring & Technical Risks
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 23
BusinessInformationWarehouseServer
Administrator Workbench
BAPIBAPI
OLAP processorOLAP processor
Persistent Staging Engine
Persistent Staging Engine
InfoCubesInfoCubes
Meta DataRepositoryMeta DataRepository ODSODS
Business Explorer
BAPIBAPI
client
Business Information Warehouse: Architecture
Web Reporting 3rd Party Tools
DataSources
InfoObjectInfoObject
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 24
Query Design
BEx Query Designer Ease-of use via drag & drop Personalized access Comfortable formula editor for
calculations One-step web publishing Windows-based component Web interface for intuitive ad-
hoc analysis on the web
Only Filter and Column Section in
tabular mode
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 25
Business Explorer Analyzer
Windows Start menu → Programs → Business Explorer → Analyzer
You may choose a single query or a workbook,which executes several queries at once.
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 26
Web Reporting
Queries can be published to the Web using the BEx, accessible then via URL
If the standard webtemplate does not fitcustomer may use theBEx Web Application Designerto change the template
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 27
Reporting - Integration with Crystal Reports
Reports and documents optimized for printing and
Sharing → here we go, that’s the main reason for using crystal
Out of the box presentation-quality reporting
Broad range of pre-defined crystal reports: legal, financial, etc
SAP and non-SAP data in a singlereport
Seamless portal integration
Schedule and view Crystal reports in managed web environment
Offline reporting and viewing of reports
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 28
BI Suite: Business Explorer (BEx) 3.5
Portal Integration
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 29
Key Functions: Information Broadcasting
Information Broadcasting allows the distribution of BI information
... via different channels ...
() E-Mail (works independently from an EP installation)
() Enterprise Portal
... in different formats ...
() HTML, MHTML
() BEx Analyzer Workbooks
() ZIP Files
… of different sources …
() BI Web Applications - Dashboards, cockpits
() BEx Analyzer Workbooks
() Queries
… in different modes…
() Online & pre-calculated
SAP AG 2004, Business Information Warehouse / 30
Key Functions: Information Broadcasting
Information Broadcasting supports different business scenarios
() Event based (“Intelligent push”) Integration into process chains
E.g If new data is loaded into the data container (InfoCube)
() Ad hoc BEx Broadcasting Wizard for one-step distribution
() Scheduled BEx Broadcaster
Guided scheduling times (for end users / information consumers)Ensures system performance because of better load balancing
Scheduling at any time (for power users / administrators)Create scheduling slots for specific user groups
No time restriction and no target restrictionCreate pre-calculations based on the data authorizations of the target
user