Download - University reform within global changes: importance of fostering research-innovation links
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University reform within global changes: importance of fostering
research-innovation links
Melita KovačevićVice-Rector for Science and Technology
University of Zagreb
INSEAD, Fontainebleau, France, April 28 – May 1, 2009
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Topics:
New demands on university Obstacles and constraints for change Importance of research Case study: University of Zagreb A look into (close) future
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Why?
Facts on ERI triangle
Research
Technology Transfer
Doctoral Education
“University should be driven by societal and economical changes”
Georg Winckler, EUA President
Dubrovnik – October, 2007
New demands on university
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Knowledge economy
Economy based on the production, distribution, and use of Knowledge as the
main driver of growth, wealth creation, and
employment across all industries .
Facts on ERI triangle
New demands on university
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1. Research
2. Teaching
3. Innovation
4. Interationalization
5. Regional impact
New demands on university
University classification (and ranking)
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EHEA
ERA
New demands on university
European vs World perspective
- new HE market
- new demands
- Changing rules
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New demands on university
Globalisation
- it affects all human activities and processes- demand for more research and research practices to
address them
- need to promote a future development of a knowledge-based society, both in developed and developing
countries
an increased strategic role for universities
(WB, OECD, EU…)
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Obstacles and constraints for change
existence of long tradition of academic conservatism inadequate recognition of doctorate and its social and
economical value overproduction of doctors – overflow of researchers treating HE as cost, not investment
research and doctoral
education most affected
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Reluctance on both sides-university/industry Frequently not a partner but service relationship Not defined IP rules
• Who owns the product?• What are the conditions?• Why is it important to define the rules?
Personal vs. Institutional involvement and benefits Tradition
Opening towards Society: Constraints, Obstacles
Obstacles and constraints for change
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Importance of research
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Top 20 world universities:
1. Harvard (US)
2. Cambridge (UK)
3. Oxford (UK)
4. Massachusetts (US)
5. Yale (US)
6. Stanford (US)
7. California IT (US)
8. Berkeley (US)
9. IC London (UK)
10. Princeton (US)
11. Chicago (US)
12. Columbia (US)
13. Duke (US)
14. Beijing (China)
15. Cornell (US)
16. Australian National Univ. (Austral.)
17. London School of Econom. (UK)
18. ENS Paris (France)
19. Singapur
20. Tokyo University (Japan)
Top 50 European universities:
University of Prague
Faculties: 17
Students 45.000
Teachers 4.000
Programmes 270
University of Vienna
Faculties: 18
Students 66.000
Teachers 5.400
Programmes 135
University of Zagreb
Faculties: 33
Students 56.000
Teachers 3.500
Programmes 520
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Importance of research
extending the frontiers of knowledge transferring knowledge into new products and
services
however
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Importance of research
research ≠ knowledge ≠ innovation the need for innovation-driven economy and/or for the
transfer of knowledge into innovation does not imply innovation-driven research
research results can not be ordered or preset the time scales of research ≠ policy makers ≠ short-term
profit research is one of human activities the most under the
pressure of competitiveness and continuous quality assessment
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One way road
Industry finances doctoral education
Defines the topic of research
Owns the outcome
Research/Doctoral Education: Constraints, Obstacles
What can/should be done?
Importance of research
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Research/Doctoral Education: Constraints, Obstacles
• 3% research funding– 1% government, 2% industry
• Doctoral education as a self-generating process
• Placement of new doctors outside academia
Importance of research
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65,000 students • 2,000 PhD students, • 5,500 members of academic staff, • 8,000 total number of employees,• 30 faculties and 3 academies, • 1,220 research projects financed by MSES (basic, applied and
technology projects),• 175 international projects (mostly FP6 and FP7)• 1354 original scientific papers cited in international databases (year
2008).
In each of these indicators the University of Zagreb takes more than 80 % of the total of all universities in Croatia and more than 50 % of the whole academic community (universities plus public institutes).
Case study: University of Zagreb
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University of Zagreb Experiences
Dissertations – all scientific fields (2000-2005)
Dubrovnik; 0,000%
Osijek; 3,975%
Rijeka; 7,218%
Split; 4,132%
Zadar; 0,523%
Zagreb; 84,153%
Dubrovnik Osijek Rijeka Split Zadar Zagreb
Case study: University of Zagreb
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Technology Transfer Office:• Established within Unit for Science and Technology in
January 2008• Joined WB Science and Technology Project in May 2008
Vision• The creation of university infrastructure that will serve as
a promoter of development and commercialization of innovations and discoveries resulting from scientific research, with ambition to be a leading institution among universities in Croatia in that respect.
Case study: University of Zagreb
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TT Office
Mission
… is to promote and facilitate the transfer of technology from the University of Zagreb to the commercial sector producing thus benefits for researchers, the University and the Croatian economy.
Case study: University of Zagreb
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• June 2007. Task Group
• October 2007. BP for S&T Project (MSES, World Bank)
• January 2008. first employee Vlatka Petrović, PhD
• May 2008. S&T Project started, Prof. Srđan Novak, PhD Project Manager
Case study: University of Zagreb
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TTO financing:
• University budget
• Ministry of Science Education and Sport via WB Science and Technology Project
• EU funding
Case study: University of Zagreb
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TTO-UniZg: Aims
1. Promoting the culture of innovativeness and academic entrepreneurship among all components (Faculties) of the University of Zagreb.
2. Building the system of services for IPR protection and promotion of 'Patenting Culture' among all components (Faculties) of the University of Zagreb.
3. Taking proactive steps in helping researchers to shape future applied research projects towards optimal solutions of IP protection and commercialization.
4. Establishment of the system that will facilitate technology transfer from academic community to business sector and support the academic entrepreneurship.
5. Stimulating the commercialization of R&D among all components (Faculties) of the University of Zagreb.
6. Taking active part in defining consistent and transparent legal and organizational framework for stimulation and smooth conduction of technology transfer at the University of Zagreb.
7. Producing all necessary documents (starting from University IPR Policy) in order to achieve the goals mentioned above.
8. Networking of experts and researchers to facilitate the commercialization of scientific results.
Case study: University of Zagreb
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TTO-UniZg: Short-term tasks:
• TT-OFFICE RULE-BOOK (December 2008)• IP Policy (in process)• Procedures & Documents • Consultants Network• Financing for od 15 -20 projects entering the pipe-line, • Ending with 3 - 5 patents• Commercialization 2-3 patents• TTO starts in December 2008
Case study: University of Zagreb
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TTO RULE-BOOK – BASIC STATEMENTS
• Owner of IP is the Faculty• Free-Will Principle• Defines the Procedure of IP protection when it
goes through the TTO
Case study: University of Zagreb
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Procedure
1. Disclosure
2. Due Diligence
3. Contract
4. Technical & commercial assessment of innovation
5. Decision (We go for it! or We don’t!)
6. Legal protection of IP (drafting, fileing).
7. Commercialization (licencing or spin-off?)
8. Revenues collection and distribution
Case study: University of Zagreb
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Revenue share scheme:
• Inventors: 40%• Faculty: 40%• University: 20%
Case study: University of Zagreb
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Nurturing a new culture
patent = costpatenting = investment
investment = start of entrepreneurship
Case study: University of Zagreb
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28Knowledge Economy & Technology Transfer
Case study: University of Zagreb
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Reminder – Knowledge Economy
Economy based on the production, distribution, and use of Knowledge as the main driver of growth,
wealth creation, and employment across all
industries .
Case study: University of Zagreb
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Research Office
Technology Transfer Office
Centre for Research, Development and Technology Transfer
Case study: University of Zagreb
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Three roles of a modern university in the modern knowledge economy:
- Higher education-Research and development
- Innovation and technology transfer
Facts on ERI triangle
Case study: University of Zagreb
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• Must
University must open towards society
• Dangers
Losing academic aureole
Future
Case study: University of Zagreb
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Possible conclusions (with open questions)
• Role of universities and society changes– Faster than we would like? Ready to follow?
• It is inevitable to balance all parts of the triangle– What do we need to do that– How to establish good communicational channels
between university and industry– Competitive research will boost innovation and
technology transfer
A look into (close) future
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Possible conclusions (with open questions)
Can (regional) centres of excellence be a good framework to overbridge many of
obstacles and constraints?
A look into (close) future
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“We do not have to fight tradition; we must build and develop new ways based on tradition and accumulated experience”
Aleksa Bjeliš, RectorZagreb, 2009
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Thank you